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Edhi Martono
Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Biology of Red Palm Mite, Raoiella indica, on Different Coconut Varieties Aulia Nusantara; Y. Andi Trisyono; Suputa Suputa; Edhi Martono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.16635

Abstract

Red palm mite, Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae), has emerged as a new threat to coconut plantation in Indonesia. To control this mite, understanding on its biology is essential. The effects of three coconut varieties (Salak Dwarf, Local Sumenep Tall, and Hybrid coconuts) on the development and fecundity of R. indica were determined under laboratory conditions at 26−28oC, 80% RH, and photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D). The life cycle of R. indica consisted of the egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, and adult stages. Total development time of immature females was significantly influenced by coconut varieties. The shortest immature developmental time occurred at Salak Dwarf variety (26.07 days), whereas no significant difference of development time of immature female on Hybrid and Local Sumenep Tall varieties was found. Moreover, there was also no significant difference on the development time of immature male and on the fecundity of the mite among different coconut varieties. IntisariTungau merah kelapa, Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae), merupakan ancaman baru bagi perkebunan kelapa di Indonesia. Pemahaman mengenai biologi diperlukan untuk strategi pengendalian tungau tersebut di masa datang. Pengaruh tiga varietas kelapa yang berbeda (Genjah Salak, Lokal Sumenep, dan Hibrida) terhadap perkembangan dan keperidian R. indica diamati pada kondisi laboratorium dengan suhu 26−28oC, kelembapan nisbi 75−85%, serta pencahayaan 12 jam terang dan 12 jam gelap (L:D=12:12). Siklus hidup tungau terdiri dari telur, larva, protonimfa, deutonimfa, dan dewasa. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa waktu perkembangan betina pradewasa dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh varietas kelapa. Waktu perkembangan paling pendek terdapat pada kelapa Genjah Salak (26,07 hari), sedangkan waktu perkembangan betina pradewasa tidak berbeda nyata pada kelapa Hibrida dan Dalam Lokal Sumenep. Hasil lain pengujian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata waktu perkembangan jantan pradewasa dan keperidian pada ketiga varietas.
Potato Cyst Nematode in East Java: Newly Infected Areas and Identification Happy Cahya Nugrahana; Siwi Indarti; Edhi Martono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 21, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.25498

Abstract

Potato Cyst Nematodes (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis has noted to be a devastated pest on potato in Indonesia. It is listed as the A2 pest by Plant Quarantine of Republik Indonesia, and it was also being a highly concerned plant parasitic nematode species worlwide. Therefore, both intensive and extensive surveys should be done to monitor the spread of PCN, especially in East Java as one of the centre of potato plantations in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to study the distribution of PCN in four potato plantations in East Java, i.e. Batu, Magetan, Probolinggo, and Pasuruan which were located between 1,205 to 2,063 m above the sea level. Extraction and isolation of cysts from soil samples was done using Baunacke method, and it was followed by identification of the nematodes using morphological and molecular approaches according to Baldwin and Mundo-Ocampo. The results showed that PCN was found on all sampling sites, i.e. Batu (Sumber Brantas, Jurang Kuali, Tunggangan, Junggo, Brakseng); Magetan (Dadi, Sarangan, Singolangu); Probolinggo (Tukul, Pandansari, Ledokombo, Sumberanom, Wonokerto, Ngadas), Pasuruan (Wonokerto, Tosari, Ledoksari, Ngadiwono). Magetan and Pasuruan were noted as new infested areas in East Java. Both morphological and molecular methods showed that the species found on all sites was Globodera rostochiensis. IntisariNematoda Sista Kentang (NSK), Globodera rostochiensis telah tercatat sebagai hama yang menghancurkan tanaman kentang di Indonesia. NSK terdaftar sebagai Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina golongan A2 oleh Badan Karantina Pertanian Republik Indonesia, dan juga merupakan spesies nematoda parasit tanaman yang sangat merugikan di seluruh dunia. Oleh karena itu, baik survei intensif maupun ekstensif harus dilakukan untuk memantau penyebaran NSK, terutama di Jawa Timur sebagai salah satu sentra tanaman kentang di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari distribusi NSK pada empat daerah sentra penanaman kentang di Jawa Timur, yaitu Batu, Magetan, Probolinggo, dan Pasuruan yang terletak antara 1.205 sampai 2.063 m di atas permukaan laut. Ekstraksi dan isolasi sista NSK dari sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode Baunacke, dan dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi secara morfologi dan molekuler menurut Baldwin dan Mundo-Ocampo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NSK ditemukan di semua lokasi pengambilan sampel, yaitu Batu (Sumber Brantas, Jurang Kuali, Tunggangan, Junggo, Brakseng); Magetan (Dadi, Sarangan, Singolangu); Probolinggo (Tukul, Pandansari, Ledokombo, Sumberanom, Wonokerto, Ngadas), Pasuruan (Wonokerto, Tosari, Ledoksari, Ngadiwono). Magetan dan Pasuruan tercatat sebagai daerah sebaran baru di Jawa Timur. Hasil identifikasi secara morfologi dan molekuler menunjukkan bahwa spesies yang ditemukan di semua lokasi adalah Globodera rostochiensis.
Co-Authors Aulia Nusantara Happy Cahya Nugrahana Siwi Indarti Suputa Suputa Y. Andi Trisyono