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All Journal Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Arman Wijonarko
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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The Vertical Distribution of Helopeltis bradyi and Oxyopes javanus on Tea Novira Maya Sari; Arman Wijonarko; Fransiscus Xaverius Wagiman
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.38118

Abstract

Helopeltis bradyi is the main pest of tea plants. Ecological characteristics of this pest are important to be understood to support the development of their management and control measures. This study aimed to determine the coexistence and vertical distribution pattern of H. bradyi and its predator, Oxyopes javanus, on tea plant parts. The study was conducted at the PT Pagilaran tea plantation in Central Java, in the 2018 rainy season. Population observations were carried out in situ on 20 infested sample-trees taken randomly, for 10 consecutive days, in the morning, at noon, and in the afternoon. Vertical distribution patterns were determined based on Poisson dispersion index (DI), negative binomial, and Green index (GI). The results showed that the O. javanus spider was found preying on H. bradyi. Coexistence between this pest and predator in the same part of the plant, the pest, and the predator, occurred in the morning were 50.0, 42.8, and 7.2%; at noon were 58.3, 41.7, and 0%; and at the afternoon were 66.7, 33.3, and 0%, respectively. The parts of the plant for the coexistence are pekoe leaves; the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th of young leaves; and 1st of older leaves. The pattern of vertical distribution in the morning, at noon and in the afternoon for H. bradyi was the weak clump, while for O. javanus was uniform. The ratio of predator: prey in the morning, at noon and in the afternoon was 1:10.7, 1:16.7, and 1:10.0, respectively.
Selecting Primers for RAPD, Microsatellite and Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 for Genetic Variation Analysis of Asian Corn Borer (Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée) Population in Java, Indonesia Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin; Y. Andi Trisyono; Arman Wijonarko; Suputa Suputa
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.38285

Abstract

Primer plays an important role in studying genetic diversity of an insect species. This research was aimed to select the suitable primers to visualize the genetic diversity of Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), microsatellite, and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (mtCO1). Twenty four RAPD primers (OPA1, OPA4, OPA7,OPA8, OPA10, OPA11, OPA12, OPA13, OPB7, OPB10, OPB11, OPB12, OPB15, OPC4, OPC5, OPC14, OPC16, OPC18, OPC20, OPD3, OPD8, OPD10, OPD13, OPD14) and five microsatellite primers (T3, T4, T5, T81, D25) resulted high polymorphic informations of the genetics of O. furnacalis in Java Indonesia. Universal primers, Lep and Heb were appropriateto do molecular identification of O. furnacalis based on BLAST system on GenBank and BOLD systems.
Arthropod Diversity in the Tea Plantation within Several Years after Pruning in Pagilaran, Central Java Muhammad Rizyan Anggra Hidayat; F. X. Wagiman; Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.47172

Abstract

The lush leaves of tea within several years after prune is expected to be followed by arthropod abundance and diversity. The study aimed to evaluate the arthropod abundance, diversity, evenness, and dominance, at the tea plantation within several years after the prune. The study was conducted at Pagilaran tea plantations, Central Java, from April to May 2018, at an altitude of 900 m asl. Arthropod samplings were done in four plots of tea plantation namely 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after pruning, hereafter they are called PY1, PY2, PY3, and PY4.  The plot area was approximately 1 ha. The arthropod specimens were collected using sweep net and pitfall trap every day for 6 consecutive days.  The arthropod identification and calculation were carried out in the Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Analysis of variance was applied to determine the effect of PY on the Arthropod abundance. The Shannon Wienner index, the Evenness index, and the Simpson index, were used to evaluate the arthropod diversity, evenness, and dominance, respectively. The results showed that the PY significantly affected the arthropod abundance. The arthropod number collected from PY1 (27 individuals/50 swings) was significantly lower as compared to the other PYs, while arthropod numbers amongst PY2, PY3, and PY4 (53, 93, and 67 individuals/50 swings, respectively) were relatively similar. Out of the total number of 1.432 arthropod specimens, it comprised of 10 orders at which Hemiptera was the highest order (48.04%), and 69 families at which Cicadellidae was the highest family (32.12%). Amongst specimens of Cicadellidae, there was Empoasca sp. which is an important tea pest. The Shannon Wienner index (H) of orders and families ranged from 1.24 to 2.69 indicates moderate arthropod diversity. The Evenness index (e') ranged from 0.57 to 0.91) indicates the arthropod evenly distributed. Meanwhile, the Simpson index (D) ranged 0.10 - 0.39 indicates that there was no dominance of the order or family.
Farmers’ Practices in Using Insecticides to Control Spodoptera exigua Infesting Shallot Allium cepa var. aggregatum in the Shallot Production Centers of Java Gracia Melsiana Aldini; Y. Andi Trisyono; Arman Wijonarko; Witjaksono Witjaksono; Herman de Putter
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.47893

Abstract

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hübn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major insect pest of shallot in Java. This research was aimed to determine how insecticides were used as the common farmers practice  for controlling S. exigua. The research was conducted in three shallot production centers in Java: the Districts of Brebes (Central Java Province), Nganjuk (East Java Province), and Bantul (the Special Region of Yogyakarta).  Surveys were conducted by interviewing thirty shallot farmers as respondents from each district. The selected thirty farmers were taken from  four sub-districts. Almost all farmers (93.3%) in the three districts had similar perception that S. exigua was the major insect pest in shallot and 84.4% farmers stated that this insect was difficult to control. The four most common insecticides active ingredients  used were chlorfenapyr, methomyl, chlorpyrifos, and emamectin benzoate. Insecticides remained the first choice and they were applied throughout the shallot season mostly based on the calendar (1-3 days interval). When using insecticides farmers tend to exceed the label recommended rates, and the farmers mostly mixed different insecticides into one spray solution. These results suggest that application of insecticides to control S. exigua was already exessive. The potential risks and efforts essential to minimize the risks are discussed. 
Diversity of Arthropods in Different Rice Varieties in Bantul Regency Indah Sri Lestari; Edhi Martono; Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.58587

Abstract

High-yielding varieties are used as one of the technologies to increase rice productivity in Indonesia. Varieties, however, invite the arrival of arthropod during their growing phase. One of the method to manage arthropods during the growing stage is the use of high-yielding varieties. In this trial, IR-64, Ciherang, Situ Bagendit, Mekongga and Mixed Varieties were used. The mixed variety is a combination of IR-64, Ciherang, Situ Bagendit and Mekongga. These rice varieties are the most common varieties used by farmers in Bantul Regency. To collect arthropods, the traps used were sweep net, yellow sticky and pitfall traps. The purpose of this study was to determine arthropod’s diversity, evenness and dominance in different rice plant varieties in one planting season. The study was conducted in the village of Wijirejo, Pandak, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The observations were conducted in the evening between 16.00–18.00 p.m., with the interval of twice a week for 5 observations. Arthropods were identified up to the family level. This research resulted in the diversity index (Shannon-Winner) of 1.97–2.82 which is categorized as medium, the evenness index of 0.61–0.71, categorized as medium and the dominance index of 0.10–0.22, categorized as lower level. The ecosystemof the research area was unstable in diversity, evenness, and dominance due to the transition process, and it took quite some times to stabilize the rice fields. Therefore, a more thorough research is still necessary, especially for the ricegrowing season to follow.
Co-Authors Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin Edhi Martono F. X. Wagiman Fransiscus Xaverius Wagiman Gracia Melsiana Aldini Herman de Putter Indah Sri Lestari Muhammad Rizyan Anggra Hidayat Novira Maya Sari Suputa Suputa Witjaksono Witjaksono Y. Andi Trisyono