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Isolation and number of circulated primordial germ cells (circulated-PGCs) on stages of embryonic development of Gaok chicken T, Kostaman; TL, Yusuf; M, Fahrudin; MA, Setiadi
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Avian primordial germ cell (PGCs) show a unique migration pathway during early development. During the early embryonic development, as soon as the formation of blood vessels, PGCs enter the circulatory system and migrate to the gonadal primordial. The aim of this study was to examine the number of circulated-PGCs from Gaok chicken at different developmental stages of embryo. One hundred fertile eggs were divided into 5 groups and incubated in a portable incubator at 38oC and humidity 60%. Hatching was set according to the embryonic development stage between 14-18. The blood collection was done through the dorsal aorta using micropipette under microscope. The collected blood was grouped based on the embryonic stages and placed on a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube which had been filled with 1.000 Âµl of Calcium and Magnesium-free phosphate buffered saline (PBS -). The PGCs were then purified using nycodenz density gradient centrifugation. The results showed that the average number of circulated-PGCs per embryo from Gaok chicken were significantly affected by the stage of embryonic development (P < 0.05). The number of circulated-PGCs at stages 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 were 42.8 Â± 8.9, 51.0 Â± 5.8, 37.6 Â± 5.9, 32.8 Â± 3.6 and 32.6 Â± 3.2, respectively. However, the number of circulated-PGCs was no different between stage of 17 and 18. At Gaok chicken, the number of circulated-PGCs reach the peak at stage 15, it is recommended that collection of PGCs embryonic chicken from blood circulation was the best on stage 15. This information is useful in efficiency production of germline chimera and to preserve PGCs of other Indonesian native chicken. Key Words: Gaok Chicken, PGCs, Embryonic Development Stages

Effect of sun flower oil addition (Helianthus annuus) in diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and characteristics of estrous of pre-mating Garut sheep L, Khotijah; R, Zulihar; MA, Setiadi; KG, Wiryawan; DA, Astuti
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Nutritional status of ewes at pre-breeding phase is critical for good reproductive process. Thirty-two ewes Garut sheep (initial body weight 22.5Â±2.21 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of addition of sunflower oil in the diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and characteristics of estrous of pre-mating garut sheep. Ewes were fed grass and supplemented with one of four isonitrogenous high concentrate diets containing four levels of sunflower oil; they were (M0) no addition of sunflower oil; (M1) 2% sunflower oil; (M2) 4% sunflower oil and (M3) 6% sunflower oil addition. Results showed that the addition significantly reduced dry matter intake (p < 0.05), highly significantly reduce crude protein, Ca and P intake (p < 0.01), higly significant increased ether extract intake (p < 0.01) and significantly increased long of estrous (p < 0.05). There was no difference in crude fiber intake, TDN intake, body weight gain, length of estrous onset and response of estrous for ewes fed the four experimental diets. Response on estrous of treatments M0, M1, M2 and M3 were 62.50; 50.00; 75,00 and 62.5% respectively. It is concluded that the addition of sunflower oil up to 6% in the pre-mating ration affects the nutrient intake without interferering the performance, and it tends to improve the charachteristic estrous of Garut ewes. Key Words: Nutrient Intake , Estrous, Garut Sheep, Performance, Sunflower Oil

Formation of germline chimera Gaok chicken used circulation primordial germ cells (circulation PGCs) fresh and thawed T, Kostaman; TL, Yusuf; M, Fahrudin; MA, Setiadi; AR, Setioko
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Formation of germline chimeras by transfer of chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) is one of the effective techniques for preservation and regeneration of genetic resources in chickens. This study attempted to form germline chimeras of Gaok chicken buy purifying circulated PGCs of donor embryo before it is transferred to the recipient (White Leghorn chickens=WL) and studied the ability of recipient embryo on survival in incubators, and hatchability. This study used 200 fertile eggs of Gaok and 90 fertile WL breed all of the eggs was incubated at 380C and 60% humidity in a portable incubator. PGCs-circulation of the blood collected Gaok embryos at stage 14-16 were taken from the dorsal aorta, and then purified by centrifugation method using nycodenz. PGCs-circulation results further purification frozen in liquid nitrogen before being transferred to the recipient embryo. The results showed that for the development of embryos transferred to the fresh circulation of PGCs-circulation as many as 25 cells can survive up to day 14, while one of the transferred of 50 and 100 cells into recipient embryos was hatched (10%). On the contrari recipient embryos that are transferred to the frozen PGCs-circulation the embryos development was shorter, and only survived until day 10th (treatment 25 cells), day 14th (treatment of 50 cells) and day 17th (treatment of 100 cells). It is concluded that the amount of PGCs-circulation embryos transferred to the recipient is one factor that influence the success of the development germline chimeras. Key Words: Gaok Chicken, White Leghorn Chicken, Circulated PGCs, Transfer, Germline Chimera

Isolation and number of circulated primordial germ cells (circulated-PGCs) on stages of embryonic development of Gaok chicken Kostaman T; Yusuf TL; Fahrudin M; Setiadi MA
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Avian primordial germ cell (PGCs) show a unique migration pathway during early development. During the early embryonic development, as soon as the formation of blood vessels, PGCs enter the circulatory system and migrate to the gonadal primordial. The aim of this study was to examine the number of circulated-PGCs from Gaok chicken at different developmental stages of embryo. One hundred fertile eggs were divided into 5 groups and incubated in a portable incubator at 38oC and humidity 60%. Hatching was set according to the embryonic development stage between 14-18. The blood collection was done through the dorsal aorta using micropipette under microscope. The collected blood was grouped based on the embryonic stages and placed on a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube which had been filled with 1.000 µl of Calcium and Magnesium-free phosphate buffered saline (PBS -). The PGCs were then purified using nycodenz density gradient centrifugation. The results showed that the average number of circulated-PGCs per embryo from Gaok chicken were significantly affected by the stage of embryonic development (P < 0.05). The number of circulated-PGCs at stages 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 were 42.8 ± 8.9, 51.0 ± 5.8, 37.6 ± 5.9, 32.8 ± 3.6 and 32.6 ± 3.2, respectively. However, the number of circulated-PGCs was no different between stage of 17 and 18. At Gaok chicken, the number of circulated-PGCs reach the peak at stage 15, it is recommended that collection of PGCs embryonic chicken from blood circulation was the best on stage 15. This information is useful in efficiency production of germline chimera and to preserve PGCs of other Indonesian native chicken. Key Words: Gaok Chicken, PGCs, Embryonic Development Stages

Effect of sun flower oil addition (Helianthus annuus) in diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and characteristics of estrous of pre-mating Garut sheep Khotijah L; Zulihar R; Setiadi MA; Wiryawan KG; Astuti DA
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 19, No 1 (2014): MARCH 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Nutritional status of ewes at pre-breeding phase is critical for good reproductive process. Thirty-two ewes Garut sheep (initial body weight 22.5±2.21 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of addition of sunflower oil in the diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and characteristics of estrous of pre-mating garut sheep. Ewes were fed grass and supplemented with one of four isonitrogenous high concentrate diets containing four levels of sunflower oil; they were (M0) no addition of sunflower oil; (M1) 2% sunflower oil; (M2) 4% sunflower oil and (M3) 6% sunflower oil addition. Results showed that the addition significantly reduced dry matter intake (p < 0.05), highly significantly reduce crude protein, Ca and P intake (p < 0.01), higly significant increased ether extract intake (p < 0.01) and significantly increased long of estrous (p < 0.05). There was no difference in crude fiber intake, TDN intake, body weight gain, length of estrous onset and response of estrous for ewes fed the four experimental diets. Response on estrous of treatments M0, M1, M2 and M3 were 62.50; 50.00; 75,00 and 62.5% respectively. It is concluded that the addition of sunflower oil up to 6% in the pre-mating ration affects the nutrient intake without interferering the performance, and it tends to improve the charachteristic estrous of Garut ewes. Key Words: Nutrient Intake , Estrous, Garut Sheep, Performance, Sunflower Oil

Formation of germline chimera Gaok chicken used circulation primordial germ cells (circulation PGCs) fresh and thawed Kostaman T; Yusuf TL; Fahrudin M; Setiadi MA; Setioko AR
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 19, No 1 (2014): MARCH 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Formation of germline chimeras by transfer of chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) is one of the effective techniques for preservation and regeneration of genetic resources in chickens. This study attempted to form germline chimeras of Gaok chicken buy purifying circulated PGCs of donor embryo before it is transferred to the recipient (White Leghorn chickens=WL) and studied the ability of recipient embryo on survival in incubators, and hatchability. This study used 200 fertile eggs of Gaok and 90 fertile WL breed all of the eggs was incubated at 380C and 60% humidity in a portable incubator. PGCs-circulation of the blood collected Gaok embryos at stage 14-16 were taken from the dorsal aorta, and then purified by centrifugation method using nycodenz. PGCs-circulation results further purification frozen in liquid nitrogen before being transferred to the recipient embryo. The results showed that for the development of embryos transferred to the fresh circulation of PGCs-circulation as many as 25 cells can survive up to day 14, while one of the transferred of 50 and 100 cells into recipient embryos was hatched (10%). On the contrari recipient embryos that are transferred to the frozen PGCs-circulation the embryos development was shorter, and only survived until day 10th (treatment 25 cells), day 14th (treatment of 50 cells) and day 17th (treatment of 100 cells). It is concluded that the amount of PGCs-circulation embryos transferred to the recipient is one factor that influence the success of the development germline chimeras. Key Words: Gaok Chicken, White Leghorn Chicken, Circulated PGCs, Transfer, Germline Chimera

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