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All Journal JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Journal of Science and Applicative Technology SPEKTRAL : Journal of Communications, Antennas and Propagation Journal of Energy, Material, and Instrumentation Technology Electrician : Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Elektro Jurnal Ecotipe (Electronic, Control, Telecommunication, Information, and Power Engineering)
Corio, Dean
Electrical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, Lampung
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics

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Performance Evaluation of a Microcontroller-Based 350 W BLDC Motor Control System Duwi Hariyanto; Muhammad Dianra Amani Ihsan; Basril Amien Mana; Dahril Khudni; Rudi Uswarman; Dean Corio; Nia Saputri Utami; Indarta Kuncoro Aji
Journal of Energy, Material, and Instrumentation Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Journal of Energy, Material, and Instrumentation Technology
Publisher : Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jemit.408

Abstract

Electric vehicles are increasingly adopted as a strategic solution for reducing carbon emissions, yet their overall performance is strongly influenced by reliability, responsiveness, and energy efficiency. This study presents a performance evaluation of a microcontroller-based speed-control system for a 350 W brushless DC (BLDC) motor, developed using low-cost components with potential for local manufacturing. The proposed system incorporates a throttle input, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for speed regulation, three Hall-effect sensors for rotor position feedback, and an Arduino Nano controller integrated with an IR2110 driver and a three-phase HY4008 MOSFET inverter. A series of subsystem level tests, covering the power supply, control units, signal amplification, sensing, and motor operation, were conducted under no-load and loaded conditions using a 250 W generator as the mechanical load. The results indicate that the power supply remained stable within 50.5 50.7 V, and the IR2110 effectively amplified the 5.119 V PWM signal to 10.41 11.47 V. Hall sensor frequency increased from 129 Hz at 30% throttle to 179 Hz at 100% throttle, reflecting improved commutation synchronization with rising rotor speed. The motor achieved a speed increase of 90.8% from 220.7 rpm to 421.2 rpm under no-load, whereas under load it increased from 137.8 rpm to 356.4 rpm (an increase of 158.6%). These findings confirm that increasing the PWM duty cycle enhances electromagnetic torque and maintains rotor-stator synchronization across varying load conditions. The study demonstrates that a low-side PWM strategy with six-step commutation can be effectively implemented using low-cost hardware, supporting domestic innovation in electric vehicle technology and contributing to sustainable, low-emission transportation development.
Co-Authors Achmad Munir Achmad Munir Afit Miranto Basril Amien Mana Dahril Khudni Diah A. Duwi Hariyanto Efa Maydhona S Ega Liguna Hafif Restu K. Hilmi Aziz Indarta Kuncoro Aji Kananda, Kiki Khansa Salsabila S Kiki Kananda Kiki Kananda Kiki Kananda Mia Maria Ulfah Muhammad Dianra Amani Ihsan Munir Azhari Nia Saputri Utami Rheyuniarto Sahlendar Asthan Rosmawan Arwinda S Rosmawan Arwinda Setyaningrum Rudi Uswarman Salsabila S, Khansa Swadexi Istiphara Tito Chandra Dinata Arifin Topan Wira B.