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Tuti Emilia Agustina
Sriwijaya University
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Environmental Science

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A Decrease In The Number Of Palm Oil Acids Using The Ion Exchange Method Muhammad Rico Ghozali; Fitri Hadiah; Tuti Emilia Agustina
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 5, No 3 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v5.i3.59

Abstract

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is a vegetable oil that contains free fatty acids. Free fatty acids (FFA) with a percentage below 5 are one of the parameters that affect the selling price of this commodity. The CPO used in this study came from a fatpit station with an acid number of 18 to 24 mgKOH / gram of oil. This study aims to reduce the free fatty acids contained in CPO by the ion exchange method using the help of Amberlite IRA 900 resin and Lewatit Monoplus M500 and then the acid number is calculated. The solvent used in this study was n-hexane with a ratio of 1: 1, 2: 3, 3: 2 and 1: 2 to oil. The research was initiated by activating the two types of resin using NaOH 4% solution as much as 450 ml, then each resin was mixed with hexane oil mixed with an initial ratio of 1: 1, the results were then distilled to separate the oil and hexane and then calculate the acid number. The resin that has been used is then rinsed using methanol before reducing the acid number again, if the acid number is ≥ 5 mgKOH / gram the oil is regenerated from the resin used. The results of this study showed that the Lewatit resin with a ratio of 3: 2 was able to decrease the acid number consistently for 3 times, regeneration had no effect on the decrease in acid number.Keywords: deacidification, anion resin, n-heksan, NaOH, CPO Abstrak (Indonesian)Crude Palm Oil (CPO) adalah salah satu minyak nabati yang memiliki kandungan asam lemak bebas. Asam lemak bebas yang juga dikenal fat fatty acid (FFA) dengan persentase dibawah 5 merupakan salah satu parameter yang mempengarui harga jual komoditi ini. CPO yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal dari stasiun fatpit dengan angka asam 18 sampai dengan 24 mgKOH/gminyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan asam lemak bebas yang terkandung dalam CPO dengan metode ion exchange menggunakan bantuan resin Amberlite IRA 900 dan Lewatit Monoplus M500 lalu dihitung angka asamnya. Pelarut yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah n-heksan dengan rasio 1:1, 2:3, 3:2 dan 1:2 terhadap minyak. Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan aktifasi terhadap kedua jenis resin menggunakan larutan NaOH 4% sebanyak 450 ml, kemudian masing masing resin dialiri minyak bercampur heksan dengan perbandingan awal 1:1, hasilnya kemudian didestilasi untuk memisahkan minyak dan heksan lalu hitung angka asamnya. Resin yang telah digunakan kemudian dibilas dengan menggunakan methanol sebelum melakukan penurunan angka asam lagi, jika angka asam sudah ≥ 5 mgKOH/mgminyak dilakukan regenerasi terhadap resin yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan resin Lewatit dengan rasio 3:2 mampu menurunkan angka asam secara konsisten selama 3 kali penurunan, regenerasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap penurunan angka asam.Kata Kunci: deacidification, anion resin, n-heksan, NaOH, CPO 
Utilization of Palm Oil Wastewater as Raw Material Alternative for Transformer Insulation Oil Dwi Sinthya Kusumawardani; Tuti Emilia Agustina; M. Abu Bakar Siddik
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 5, No 2 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v5.i2.54

Abstract

Insulator oil is one of important parts in transformer, in a form of a liquid, functioned as insulating and cooling media. The insulator oil made of mineral oils used in transformer potentially causes environmental problems, especially when an explosion occur inside the transformer which may cause oil spill or water contamination. Here, we study the used of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as the raw material for insulation oil. In this work, POME was extracted, distilled, measured the acid value followed by esterification and transesterification processes to obtain the insulation oil. The viscosity, flash point, acid value, and breakdown voltage of the insulation oil was measured. In the esterification process, HCl catalyst was added with a ratio of 1.5% to degrade the acid value of the oil, while in the transesterification process, NaOH or KOH catalysts were added with a ratio of 1.5 and 3%. The result for KOH catalyst is as follows, viscosity were 2.09 and 2.32 cSt, the flash point were 166 and 170oC, and the acid value were 0.5 mg KOH/g after the addition of 1.5 and 3% catalyst respectively, while the breakdown voltage was 55 kV after the addition of 1.5% KOH catalyst. NaOH catalyst shows result: viscosity were 5.34 and 5.02 cSt, the flash point were 178 and 183oC, and the acid value were 0.5 mg KOH/g after the addition of 1.5 and 3% catalyst, respectively, while the breakdown voltage was 46 kV after the addition of 1.5% KOH catalyst.
Co-Authors Dwi Sinthya Kusumawardani Fitri Hadiah M. Abu Bakar Siddik Muhammad Rico Ghozali