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All Journal IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Sewagati
Agung Subyakto
Departemen Teknik Kimia Industri, Fakultas Vokasi, Institut Teknologi Supuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mechanical Engineering Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Production of Gelatin from Snapper Scales (Lutjanus camphecanus Sp.) through Enzymatic Pretreatment Warlinda Eka Triastuti; Suprapto Suprapto; Elly Agustiani; Lailatul Qomariyah; Agung Subyakto; Treisnaning Widasgantri; Marchel Abednego Septa K
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 8, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v8i1.a12860

Abstract

Fish wastes such as fish bones and scales have a potential to be used as a gelatin source. It can be used as an alternative material to replace pork or bovine which ordinarily conflicted with religion issue. Gelatin from fish has different characteristics compared with mammalian source. It has several advantageous properties such as high amount of hydrophobic amino acids, less proline and hydroxy proline, lower gelling ability, and melting point. In this study, gelatin was produced from fish waste especially snapper scales using the bromelain enzyme at the pre-treatment stage to improve its characteristic. The snapper scales soaking in hot water at 80⁰C for about 30 minutes to remove the fat which attached the scales. A pre-treatment has been conducted using bromelain enzyme solution at various concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% for 6 hours to remove non-collagenous proteins and loosen the bonds of the fish scales. The next step is demineralization using a 15% concentration of citric acid solution for 3 days. The ossein formed in the demineralization stage was then hydrolyzed at 50⁰C and 70⁰C for 9 hours with stirring at 300 rpm. The best gelatin yield was obtained from the pretreatment of bromelain enzyme solution with a concentration of 3% at a hydrolysis temperature of 70⁰C with a yield of 9.13%, pH value of 3.86, water content of 8%, ash content of 0.80%. FTIR spectra shows the presence of functional groups correspond to gelatin formation, such as carbon, hydrogen, hydroxyl group (O-H), carbonyl group (C=O), amine group (N-H) and alkene group (C=C). The heavy metal content test showed that the gelatin contained no heavy metal content of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As).
Utilization of HVS Paper Waste for The Manufacture of Oxalic Acid Agung Subyakto; Fiqrotul Wasiyah; Linaniyyatul - Masruroh
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 7, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v7i2.a10067

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of time and temperature on the manufacture of oxalic acid from HVS paper waste by removing ink and alkali melting methods The research methodology began with the first stage, namely pre-treatment and then paper hydrolysis, weighing 600 grams of HVS paper waste. The HVS paper waste was put into a three-neck flask and 200 mL of 40% NaOH was added. The tools are assembled and set the time and temperature used. The time used is 60 minutes at a temperature of 55°C, 65°C, 75°C and 95°C, then a three-neck flask is heated. After heating is complete the solution is cooled. The filtrate was filtered into a 500 mL beaker glass then the remaining sediment was washed with hot aquadest into a beaker containing up to 400 mL of filtrate. The procedure was repeated for variations in time of 70, 80 and 90 minutes at temperatures of 55°C, 65°C, 75°C and 95°C, respectively. The second stage is crystallization of oxalic acid, pipette of the filtrate as much as 25 mL obtained from the hydrolysis results then added 10% CaCl2 to form a white precipitate of calcium oxalate. The precipitate was filtered then added 100 mL of H2SO4 4N so that the precipitate would break down into oxalic acid and calcium sulfate, then filtered and washed the remaining sediment using 96% ethanol. The filtrate is heated to a temperature of 70°C. The filtrate is cooled in ice water for about 24 hours to form oxalic acid crystals in the form of white needle crystals. The third stage is the calculation of the weight of oxalic acid (gr). The fourth stage is testing for oxalic acid using permanganate titration. Oxalic acid crystals were weighed as much as 0.3 grams then added 10 mL of distilled water and put into 250 mL Erlenmeyer, added 10 mL of H2SO4 4N. The solution is heated to a temperature of 60-70°C. In a hot state, the solution is titrated with 0.1 N potassium permanganate until the solution appears a pink color that does not disappear for 30 seconds. The fifth stage is the calculation of the yield (yield) of oxalic acid. The sixth stage is the melting test. The time and temperature in producing oxalic acid from the graph can be seen that the average temperature that produces the most oxalic acid is at 80 minutes and 65°C, which is 3.9 grams. The analysis results show that the melting point obtained is between 100-101 ° C. This happens because the oxalic acid in the research indicates that the oxalic acid corresponds to the actual melting point of oxalic acid based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), namely 101-102°C.
Sintesis Poly (Sodium Acrylate-co¬-Acrylamide) sebagai Flokulan Anionik pada Proses Pemurnian Nira Eva Oktavia Ningrum; Nurun Nadzifah; Agung Subyakto; Daril Ridho Zuchrillah
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2019: PROSIDING SNTKK 2019
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Flocculation Performance of Industrial Sugarcane Juice by Acrylamide-Based Anionic Flocculant Eva Oktavia Ningrum; Agung Subyakto; Wirawan Ciptonugroho; Shania Lorensa; Devianti Anggraini Ramadhani; Agus Surono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73150

Abstract

Despite the widespread use of ionic polymer flocculants in sugar refineries, there is still insufficient knowledge on the relationship between the polymer properties and the efficiency of flocculation. This paper describes the performance of poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) (poly(SA-co-AAm)) as an anionic flocculant in the flocculation–coagulation of sugarcane juice from the sugar factory Gempolkrep PTPN X Mojokerto. Poly(SA-co-AAm) was successfully prepared via free radical polymerization of sodium acrylate and acrylamide with respective molar ratios of 40:60, 50:50, and 60:40, and compared with the commercial flocculant Accofloc. It was found that the mud height of the sugarcane decreased with increasing SA:AAm ratio. However, mud height increase was observed with further increasing SA:AAm ratio. Furthermore, increasing the flocculant dosage did not induce any significant change in the mud height and pH. The total dissolved solids (TDS) significantly decreased when the ratio of sodium acrylate:acrylamide was changed from 40:60 to 50:50, whereas a further change to 60:40 increased the TDS value again. It is also noticed that the tendency of turbidity is consistent with the TDS value. These results demonstrate that poly(SA-co-AAm) is a feasible alternative to the commercial flocculant owing to its good flocculation–coagulation performance with an optimum SA:AAm ratio of 50:50.
Pengolahan Serat Nanas Menjadi Material Komposit di Desa Satak Kabupaten Kediri Soeprijanto Soeprijanto; Niniek Fajar Puspita; Eva Oktavia Ningrum; Afan Hamzah; Achmad Dwitama Karisma; Saidah Altway; Agung Subyakto
Sewagati Vol 6 No 4 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1993.025 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j26139960.v6i4.289

Abstract

Desa Satak, Kecamatan Puncu, Kabupaten Kediri terletak di kaki Gunung Kelud di Provinsi Jawa Timur merupakan penghasil buah nanas yang memiliki rumpun tanaman nanas yang cukup banyak dan dijadikan sebagai sumber penghasilan utama. Setelah buah dipanen, limbah pohon nanas hanya dibiarkan menumpuk di sekitar lahan tanpa diolah, sehingga menjadi masalah bagi petani pasca panen. Selain itu, karena limbah daun nanas tidak dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pakan ternak, masyarakat biasanya hanya membakar limbah daun nanas, sehingga dapat menimbulkan polusi udara. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka dilakukan upaya nyata untuk mengolah limbah daun nanas menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi dan menjadi mata pencaharian alternatif bagi masyarakat. Pada kegiatan abmas TTG berbasis produk ini, Tim abmas telah merancang dan membuat mesin degumming dan mesin cutting sebagai alat pengolahan limbah daun nanas. Alat degumming berfungsi untuk menghilangkan gum atau getah yang terkandung dalam serat kasar dan menghasilkan serat yang lebih halus, sedangkan alat cutting berfungsi untuk menghasilkan potongan serat halus dengan ukuran tertentu. Potongan serat halus ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biokomposit. Pelaksanaan kegiatan abmas TTG ini melibatkan kegiatan KKN abmas mahasiswa dalam sosialisasi pengoperasian alat dan pemasaran produk yang dihasilkan. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini dihadiri oleh Karang Taruna, Perangkat Desa Satak, Staf-staf KepalaKecamatan Puncu, dan Kepala Balitbangda Kabupaten Kediri. Setelah dilakukan sosialisasi, dilakukan penyerahan alat kepada masyarakat Desa Satak yang diwakili oleh perangkat Desa Satak dengan harapan dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi limbah daun nanas serta dapat mengembangkan dan memasarkan produk di masa depan.
Co-Authors Achmad Dwitama Karisma Adi Soeprijanto Afan Hamzah, Afan Agus Surono Agustiani, Elly Altway, Saidah Devianti Anggraini Ramadhani Fiqrotul Wasiyah Lailatul Qomariyah Linaniyyatul - Masruroh Marchel Abednego Septa K Niniek Fajar Puspita, Niniek Fajar Nurun Nadzifah Shania Lorensa Suprapto Suprapto Treisnaning Widasgantri Triastuti, Warlinda Eka Wirawan Ciptonugroho Zuchrillah, Daril Ridho