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All Journal REINWARDTIA Reinwardtia
M. A. DONK
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology

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ON STAUDE' S NEW GENERIC NAMES FOR AGARICS M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 2, No 3 (1954): vol.2 no.3
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v2i3.1032

Abstract

The author concludes that the generic names for agarics first introduced by Staude (1857) have been validly published.When I drew attention to Staude's forgotten "Die Schwamme Mittel deutschlands" (1857), I felt obliged to conclude that the new generic names for agarics appearing in that work were validly published (Donk, 1949: 319-320), and I still am fully convinced that this conclusion must be upheld. Rogers (1950: 22) submitted that Staude, although referring to Collybia and other genera as G [attungen], did not definitely accept them as genera, since he continued to refer species under them to Agaricus, thereby implying that they were only subgenera or sections; and that Staude, therefore, dit not validly publish these generic names. Rogers's conclusion is untenable for several reasons. If his argument became generally accepted, quite a lot of generic names might be murdered by it: the number of generic names established without simultaneously published new combinations with the new generic name, like those without any mention of species, is considerable. Such an attitude would not only be undesirable from a practical point of view, but would also disregard the declared object of the Code to promote stability of nomenclature. The Code has deliberately and carefully avoided the stipulation that a new generic name requires simultaneously published new combinations; it has even refused to rule that new generic names ought to be associated with binomials, as was stipulated by the former American code! Certainly this was not done solely to accomodate such special cases as, for example, Tournefortian generic names published after 1753 as an overflow from the pre-binomial period: the decision was for general application. Staude emphatically marked the names in question as generic ones; not only in the introductory pages, but also throughout his more detailed treatment of the agarics he preceded these generic names with "G[attung]" and added generic descriptions.He supplied the information that, "the genera to follow are all according to Fries. Cp. Systema mycologicum
NOTES ON MALESIAN FUNGI-II* On the genera Auricularia, Hirneola, and Laschia M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 1, No 4 (1952): vol.1 no.4
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v1i4.1047

Abstract

1. After discussing the outer characters of the three genera Auricularia Bull,ex Merat, Hirneola Fr. (1848), and Laschia Fr., now often combined into a single genus, the author concludes that there is every reason to follow Bresadola and to keep Auricularia and Hirneola apart as distinct genera, and to enter Laschia into Hirneola. 2. It is pointed out that in Hirneola the hymenophore is not invariably inferior. 3. The author once more discusses the desirability of conserving the name Hirneola Fr. 1848. He withdraws his previous proposal for conservation of Auricularia Bull, ex Brongn. 1824. 4. The new combination Hirneola nigricans (Sw. ex Fr.) Donk is proposed. 5. It is possible that the correct name for the Judas' ear is Hirneola auricula(L. ex Mexat) H. Karst.
THE GENERIC NAMES PROPOSED FOR HYMENOMYCETES-IV*(Boletaceae) M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 3, No 2 (1955): vol.3 no.2
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v3i2.957

Abstract

This fourth part deals with the family of Boletaceae as currently delimited, with the exclusion of the frankly lamellate groups.The commonly accepted typification of Boletus Fr.by B. edulis Bull, ex Fr. is not that which would be arrived at by strict adherence to the recommendations for the selection of types.It is, however, desirable to find a way of accepting B.edvlis as the type species of Boletus.The correct name for the genus generally called Gyrodon Opat. seems to be Uloporus Quel.
NOTES ON RESUPINATE HYMENOMYCETES-I On Pellicularia Cooke M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 2, No 3 (1954): vol.2 no.3
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v2i3.1029

Abstract

The author concludes that Pellicularia Cooke is to be regarded as the name of an inseparable mixtum compositum (nomen confusum) and hence as illegitimate (impriorable).He believes that, apart from a hypothetical gelatinous medium,Cooke's original material consisted of the combination of the vegetative hyphae of a resupinate hymenomycete and the spores of a pervading imperfect fungus. If one of these constituent elements were to be selected as type, the choice would be the spores rather than the vegetative byphae selected by Rogers.
THE GENERIC NAMES PROPOSED FOR HYMENOMYCETES-II* Hymenolichenes M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 2, No 3 (1954): vol.2 no.3
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v2i3.1030

Abstract

1. This part deals with the generic names proposed for Hymenolichenes, a very limited group of Hymenomycetes. 2. In connection with Herpothallon Tobl. attention is drawn to Hypochnus Fr. ex Ehrenb. (non Fr. ex Fr.), which seems to be the correct name for the genus.
THE GENERIC NAMES PROPOSED FOR HYMENOMYCETES- I "Cyphellaceae" M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 1, No 2 (1951): vol.1 no.2
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v1i2.1059

Abstract

1. The present paper is the first of a series intended to deal from a nomen clatural point of view with all the generic names proposed for Hymenomycetes.For each name the following items are considered: (i) its etymology and gender, (ii) the original scope of the corresponding genus, and, in case of the name being- an isonym,also of the group covered by its basinym; (iii) the type species, which when not originally designated, is selected; (iv) its basinym, synisonyms,homonyms, typonyms,and variant spellings, if any, are indicated; (v) its status under the Rules is determined;and (vi) supplementary remarks are given when these are deemed useful.2. This first instalment deals with "Cyphellaceae," a group defined in a conventional, rather descriptive, manner, not as a taxonomic unit. 3. A new generic name, Stromatoscypha Donk, is introduced for Porothelium(Pr. ex Fr.) Fr.4. The following new combinations are made: Aleurodiscus digitalis (A. & S.ex Fr.) Donk [basinym: Cyphella digitalis (A. & S.) ex Fr.], and Stromatoscypha fimbriata (Pers. ex Fr.) Donk [basinym: Polyporus fimbriatus (Pers.) ex Fr.].
THE GENERIC NAMES PROPOSED FOR HYMENOMYCETES-III * " Clavariaceae" M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 2, No 3 (1954): vol.2 no.3
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v2i3.1031

Abstract

1. This third part deals with "Clavariaceae," a family designation used in a traditional and descriptive, rather than a taxonomic, sanse. 2. Two of the author's previously published proposals for the conservation of certain names are replaced by slightly altered ones. They aim at the safeguarding of the names Clavulinopsis Overeem, Lachnocladium. Lev., and Ramaria (Pr.) Bonord. A proposal to conserve Pterula Fr. in its current sense is withdrawn as superfluous. 3. Some forgotten or neglected names are listed, e.g. Scleroglossum Pers. and Xyloglossum Pers. These two names are typified by a species that makes them synonyms of Acrospermum Tode ex Fr. (Ascomycetes). 4. The following typifications, among others, deserve attention: Dendrocladium Lloyd by Lachnocladium giganteum Pat., Holocoryne (Fr.) Bonord. by Clavaria falcata Pers. ex Fr., and Ramaria S. F. Gray by Clavaria pratensis Pers. 5. One new combination is made: Pistilliva typhae (Hohn.) Donk (basinym, Dacryopsis typhae Hohn.).
THE GENERIC NAMES PROPOSED FOR HYMENOMYCETES-VI*Brachybasidiaceae, Cryptobasidiaceae, Exobasidiaceae M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 4, No 1 (1956): vol.4 no.1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v4i1.999

Abstract

1. In this continuation of the author's nomenclatorial enumeration not only the three families mentioned in the subtitle are taken into consideration: about ten generic names of fungi which at one time or another have been attributed to the Exobasidiaceae and which are now excluded from the Hymenomycetes, are also dealt with.2. The name' Cryptobasidiaceae is validly published.
NOTES ON RESUPINATE HYMENOMYCETES - II* The tulasnelloid fungi M. A. Donk
REINWARDTIA Vol 3, No 3 (1956): vol.3 no.3
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v3i3.988

Abstract

1. Discussed are the tulasnelloid fungi, i.e. Tulasnella and other groups considered related by the author and also possessing spores capable of exhibiting repetition and not becoming septate.2. The author rejects the designation epibasidia and considers the sterigmata in Tulasnella and Gloeotulasnella as being merely strongly inflated, a view already widely accepted.3. He rejects the families Tulasnellaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae and includes them and the other tulasnelloid fungi in the Corticiaceae, which is still a heterogeneous group. Possible relations with other families are discussed.
ON GENERIC TYPE SPECIES INDICATED BY MISAPPLIED NAMES M. A. DONK
REINWARDTIA Vol 1, No 4 (1952): vol.1 no.4
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v1i4.1046

Abstract

When the type method was introduced in the "International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature," it was stated that "a nomenclatural type is that constituent element to which the name of a group is permanently attached" and, further, that "the type of ..a generic name is a species and that of a species ..is usually a specimen or preparation. In some species, however, the type is a description or figure given by a previous 1 author" (Art. 18).No doubt, the type of a generic name is a species and that of a specific name a specimen (or its substitute). A species may be variously interpreted as to its limits; it may be narrowly or broadly conceived. It may receive a name, but it remains a species even if it has no name. It frequently occurs that a specific name is misapplied to a quite different species. Hence it is also evident that a species and a specific name are two intrinsically different notions, not at all identical and interchangeable. As quoted above, Art. 18 positively says that the type of a generic name is a species and does not refer to specific names. I believe this article really states what it wanted to convey in this respect, and is not an instance of unfortunate wording. A species comprises a vast number of 'individuals plants' and of these some are preserved often only in part, or are subject to taxonomic study without preservation,and represent the 'specimens' of the Rules; when the species is given a name, one of these is or afterwards becomes the 'type specimen.' Thus a (type) species and a (type) specimen are different notions. In the binomial system a specific name is a combination of two words. The first part, or generic appellation, stands for a generic description,2 the second part, or specific epithet, for a specific description : a specific name roots in two different descriptions.Far more often than not these two are published on different occasions by different authors.
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