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All Journal Sari Pediatri The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Cempaka Kesumaningtyas
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Faktor Risiko Peningkatan Kadar Enzim Alanine Aminotransferase dan Aspartate Aminotransferase pada Human Immunodeficiency Virus Anak dalam Terapi Kombinasi Antiretroviral Lini Pertama Cempaka Kesumaningtyas; Bambang Soebagyo; Ganung Harsono
Sari Pediatri Vol 21, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp21.4.2019.236-40

Abstract

Latar belakang. Memiliki harapan hidup yang lebih panjang dan perlunya pengendalian replikasi virus dalam jangka waktu yang lama, anak dengan infeksi HIV dalam terapi kombinasi antiretroviral sangat berisiko terjadi hepatotoksisitas imbas obat.Tujuan. Mengetahui angka kejadian peningkatan kadar enzim AST dan ALT serta faktor yang memengaruhi kadar enzim tersebut pada kasus HIV anak dalam terapi kombinasi antiretroviral lini pertama di RS Dr. Moewardi SoloMetode. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Jumlah subyek penelitian 35 anak. Data subyek penelitian diambil dari data rekam medis, dilakukan pengukuran antropometri serta pemeriksaan enzim AST, ALT, dan kadar CD4 pada setiap subyek. Kemudian data dianalisis dengan program SPSS 25.Hasil. Peningkatan kadar enzim AST dan ALT sebesar 22,9% dan 8,6%. Didapatkan hubungan bermakna (p=0,004) pada kadar ALT dengan jenis kelamin, tidak didapatkan hubungan terhadap usia, status nutrisi, lama penggunaan antiretroviral, terapi antituberkulosis, terapi kotrimoksasol, status imunodefisiensi, serta kombinasi obat antiretroviral. Kesimpulan. Angka kejadian peningkatan enzim AST dan ALT adalah 22,9% dan 8,6%. Didapatkan hubungan bermakna jenis kelamin dengan kadar ALT, peningkatan kadar ALT yang bermakna terjadi pada jenis kelamin perempuan. Tidak didapatkan hubungan peningkatan enzim AST dan ALT terhadap usia, status nutrisi, lama penggunaan antiretroviral, terapi anti tuberkulosis, terapi kotrimoksasol, status imunodefisiensi, serta kombinasi obat antiretroviral.
A Preventable Cascade: Severe Acute Malnutrition and Bilateral Pneumonia in a Young Infant with Unrecognized Feeding Dysfunction due to Labiopalatoschizis Aulia Dyanaputri; Cempaka Kesumaningtyas
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 47 No. 1 (2026): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/enp6pg91

Abstract

Introduction: Severe acute malnutrition and pneumonia remain leading contributors to infant morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Infants with cleft lip and palate are at risk of feeding dysfunction, which may precipitate nutritional decline if not promptly recognized. Case Illustration: A 1-month-26-day-old male infant with complete unilateral labiopalatoschizis presented with progressive shortness of breath and hypoxemia. Anthropometry revealed weight-for-age, length-for-age, and weight-for-length below –3 SD, consistent with severe acute malnutrition of the marasmic type. Feeding history demonstrated inadequate intake and frequent choking without structured feeding modification. Laboratory findings showed anemia and leukocytosis, and chest radiography confirmed bilateral pneumonia. Management included oxygen therapy, intravenous antibiotics, and phased nutritional rehabilitation via orogastric feeding. Discussion: This case illustrates a preventable cascade in which structural feeding impairment led to chronic caloric insufficiency, immune compromise, and severe respiratory infection. The interaction between malnutrition and pneumonia amplified clinical severity. Early feeding counseling and routine growth monitoring might have prevented progression to severe wasting and infection. Conclusion: Infants with labiopalatoschizis require early structured feeding support and close nutritional surveillance to prevent severe acute malnutrition and life-threatening complications such as pneumonia.
Co-Authors Aulia Dyanaputri Bambang Soebagyo Ganung Harsono