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All Journal Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business International Journal of Supply Chain Management
Ahmad Zafarullah Abdul Jalil
Universiti Utara Malaysia
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Transportation

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THE IMPORTANCE OF PRECAUTIONARY SAVING MOTIVE AMONG INDONESIAN HOUSEHOLDS Ahmad Zafarullah Abdul Jalil
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 24, No 2 (2009): May
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (291.574 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jieb.6325

Abstract

In the developing world, the population is frequently faced with numerous natural, economic, institutional and market risks. Because of these uncertainties, many individualsand households experience difficult periods of unexpected reduction in income. Using panel data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), this paper tests the existence ofprecautionary saving associated with income risk in Indonesia. The results of the estimation show that the uncertainty variable is not significantly related to the growth of consumption which signifies that Indonesian households do not constitute precautionary saving to smooth their consumption. The finding may be explained by the fact thatIndonesian households have in their possession other type of support mechanisms based particularly on inter-generational and -communal solidarity.Keywords: uncertainty, income risks, precautionary savings, consumption smoothing.
Efficiency of Smallholder Cocoa Farmers in Malaysia: A DEA Approach Wan Roshidah Fadzim; Mukhriz Izraf Azman Aziz; Ahmad Zafarullah Abdul Jalil
International Journal of Supply Chain Management Vol 6, No 1 (2017): International Journal of Supply Chain Management (IJSCM)
Publisher : International Journal of Supply Chain Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (13.161 KB)

Abstract

Cocoa production in Malaysia faced several problems and challenges that lead to low productivity. The low productivity is evidenced from the continuous drop in cocoa productionsince 2001 despite efforts from governing bodies to boost output.This studyinvestigates this issue by looking into theproduction efficiencyamong small holder cocoa farmers in Malaysia.The technical efficiencies of cocoa farmers in Malaysia are estimated using data envelopment analysis. The study relies upon primary data gathered during the 2013 production season. Data are collected from a set of structured questionnaire administered on 323 smallholder cocoa farmers throughout Malaysia. Results ofthe analysis reveal that the mean efficiency score is 0.576. This indicates that many cocoa farmers in Malaysia are technically inefficient and this resulted into the low productivity in the Malaysian raw cocoa beans industry in recent years. This inefficiency is largely due to poor management and usage of inputs in the cocoa production.
Co-Authors Mukhriz Izraf Azman Aziz Wan Roshidah Fadzim