M.T. Zen
Geology Department, Institute of Technology Bandung

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The Origin of Several Pyroclastic Plateaux in the Padang Highlands (Central Sumatra) (Preliminary Paper) M.T. Zen
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 6 No. 3 (1972)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Abstract. Several pyroclastic plateaux are known in the Padang Highlands. Westerveld (1952) suggested that those rhyolitic volcanics are sheetlike deposits of paroxysmal fissure eruption similar to the incandescent clouds of the Katmai type. Field observation, however, suggested that at least the pyroclastic plateau of Bukit Tinggi might as well be the result of an air borne tuff deposition which originated from a gigantic outburst of the Manindjau volcano prior to its caldera formation. The tuff plateau of Bukit Tinggi, as revealed by the exposures in Ngarai SiAnok, is neither layered nor welded and could not be deposited in water either. The landscape between Matur and Bukit Tinggi gives the impression as if ducoed by tuff from the air.  Ringkasan. Beberapa daratan jang terbentuk dari bahan pyroklastik dikenal di Daratan Tinggi Padang. Menurut Westerveld (1952) dataran2 tinggi tersebut jang terdiri dari batuan volkanik bersifat rhyolitik merupakan endapan pyroklastik terdiri dari lembaran2 (sheetlike) dan dihasilkan oleh suatu erupsi rekahan jang sama sifatnja dengan endapan awan panas dari Gunung Katmai di Alaska. Penelitian lapangan, sebaliknja, lebih menundjukkan bahwa dataran2 tinggi tadi, terutama Dataran pyroklastik Bukit Tinggi, mungkin sekali berupa endapan pyroklastik dari udara jang dikeluarkan oleh letusan raksasa Gunung Manindjau pada saat2 mendjelang ambruknja gunung tersebut untuk membentuk kaldera Danau jang besar itu. Dataran Tinggi tufa Bukit Tinggi, sebagaimana terlihat pada singkapan2 jang djelas di Ngarai Si Anok, tidak memperlihatkan perlapisan dan djuga tidak memperlihatkan "welding". Endapan tufa tersebut djuga tidak mungkin diendapkan diair. Bentang alam antara Matur dan Bukit Tinggi memberi kesan se-akan2 di-"duco" dari udara oleh tufa.
Geothermal System of the Dieng-Batur Volcanic Complex M.T. Zen
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1 (1971)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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This paper is mainly concerned with the evaluation of reports on geophysical and geochemical surveys made by Group Seven Inc. and Truesdell in the Dieng Mountains under contract with US-AID and on behalf of the Directorate General for Power and Electricity and the Indonesian Geological Survey and partly also with the author's own field observation on geothermy in the Dieng Mountains in Central Java. All the accumulated data lead to the conclusion that the geothermal system of eastern Dieng originated through the intersection of two major fracture zones. The high chloride content found in various streams gives good reason to accept that the geothermal system of the Dieng Mountains is a system of hot water and steam rather than a system of dry steam only. The hot springs in the Dieng Mountains might represent surface manifestation of a deep, neutral, hot water "reservoir". The distribution of geo-electric anomaly which resulted from two dipole mapping surveys delineated a belt of anomalously low resistivity in the eastern Dieng Mountains in which there are three areas of very low resistivity indicating systems of up-welling thermal water. These systems might be connected at great depth. The area with low resistivity anomaly might indicate a reservoir having a volume of 5 to 6 cubic kilometers at depth of 2 kilometers. An estimate based on geophysical data suggests that a power production rate of 200 megawatts could be supported for 25 years, or of 100 megawatts for 50 years. Based on all those data an exploratory deep drilling work is recommended which is due to start in June 1971.