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All Journal Global Strategis Review of International Relations (Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hubungan Internasional) Journal La Sociale Moestopo Journal of International Relations (MJIR) Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies
Asra Virgianita, Asra
Departemen Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Universitas Indonesia
Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Pelaksanaan Program Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) dan Kepentingan Amerika Serikat di Indonesia Asra Virgianita
Global Strategis Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015): Global Strategis
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Unair

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1200.88 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.9.1.2015.123-140

Abstract

Kajian ini membahas mengenai program hibah Millennium ChallengeAccount (MCA) di Indonesia yang merupakan salah satu proyek bantuan luarnegeri Amerika Serikat (AS). Para ahli berpendapat bahwa pemberianbantuan luar negeri selalu terkait dengan motif negara donor. Studi inimenginvestigasi motif AS dalam pemberian hibah MCA ke Indonesia.Ditemukan bahwa MCA dirumuskan untuk motif politik dan ekonomi. Motifpolitik terkait dengan upaya AS untuk menunjukkan komitmen dalam isupelestarian lingkungan global. Motif ekonomi terkait dengan upaya-upayaAS untuk melindungi perusahaan minyak dan gas AS di Indonesia terhadaptuntutan untuk masalah lingkungan dan sosial, perluasan pasar AS untukproduk kesehatan dan farmasi, dan pembentukan iklim yang kondusif bagiperusahaan AS
The Perception of Cia-Cia Tribe Students in Southeast Sulawesi Toward South Korea: The Case of Education Aid for Cia-Cia Language Preservation Darynaufal Mulyaman; Asra Virgianita; Darang Sahdana Candra
Global Strategis Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Global Strategis
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Unair

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.15.1.2021.187-217

Abstract

Since the beginning of the "Korean Wave" in the 2010s, Korean language and the Hangeul alphabet are integral parts in the dissemination of South Korea's soft power across the world. For instances, the South Korean government provided support for the preservation of Cia-Cia language of Cia-Cia ethnic group in Bau-Bau, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia - a program that was originally initiated by Hunminjeongeum Society Foundation in 2008. This study examines the perception of students with Cia-Cia ethnic background toward South Korea. Questionnaire surveys and interviews are used to further look into their perceptions. This study, that started from a thesis, finds that the students who participated in the program have positive perceptions of South Korea. Furthermore, the demonstration of Korean culture and the use of Korean language become more apparent in the students’ daily life, creating a new social reality in the local community. Such finding suggests that international assistance has effectively become a part of South Korea's soft power expansion strategy.Keywords: Cia-Cia, Language, Foreign Aid, Korea, PerceptionSejak merebaknya "Korean Wave" pada dekade 2010-an, Bahasa Korea dan Aksara Hangeul adalah bagian integral dalam penyebaran soft power Korea Selatan di seluruh dunia. Pemerintah Korea Selatan, misalnya, memberikan dukungan untuk pelestarian bahasa Cia-Cia dari Suku Cia-Cia di Bau-Bau Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia - sebuah program yang awalnya diprakarsai oleh Yayasan Hunminjonggeum Society pada tahun 2008. Studi ini mengukur persepsi siswa dengan latar belakang etnis Cia-Cia terhadap Korea Selatan. Survei kuesioner dan wawancara digunakan untuk melihat lebih jauh persepsi mereka. Studi ini berangkat dari tesis yang dilakukan dan menemukan bahwa siswa-siswa yang terlibat dalam program tersebut memiliki persepsi yang positif tentang Korea Selatan. Selain itu, peragaan budaya Korea dan penggunaan Bahasa Korea menjadi lebih jelas dalam kehidupan sehari-hari siswa-siswa tersebut sehingga menciptakan realitas sosial baru di komunitas lokal. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bantuan internasional dapat dan telah secara efektif digunakan sebagai strategi ekspansi soft power Korea Selatan. Kata-kata Kunci: Cia-Cia, Bahasa, Bantuan Luar Negeri, Korea, Persepsi
MULTILATERALISME TIONGKOK: TINJAUAN FAKTOR DOMESTIK YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDIRIAN AIIB Emilia Kurniasari; Asra Virgianita; Ardhitya Eduard Yeremia
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (518.07 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/intermestic.v6n2.10

Abstract

This article seeks to explore how China understands multilateralism. Employing content analysis, this article analyzes Chinese leaders’ speeches surrounding the establishment of AIIB. The result finds that within the speeches, “fazhan” (development/to develop) is the most frequently mentioned word. The narratives concerning the word suggest that from the China perspective, a multilateral cooperation framework is instrumental to pursue its long-term geopolitical goals. For China, multilateral practices should be based on the principle of flexibility. On the one hand, the implementation of such a principle is central in projecting the image of China as being accommodative. On the other hand, it is fundamentally instrumental to ensure that China would have wider room to maneuver in achieving and defending its interests. Keywords: Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, China, economic development, global governance, multilateralism
FROM DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE TO DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE:UNDERSTANDING JAPAN’S AID POLICY FOR PROMOTING DEMOCRACY Virgianita, Asra
Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Vol. 13, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

KETERTIBAN KELOMPOK KEPENTINGAN DALAM RATIFIKASI PERJANJIAN KEMITRAAN EKONOMI KOMPREHENSIF ANTARA INDONESIA DAN EFTA: STUDI KASUS KOMODITAS KELAPA SAWIT Zelvio Apri Verit; Asra Virgianita
Moestopo Journal of International Relations Vol 2, No 2 (2022): Moestopo Journal of International Relations (MJIR)
Publisher : Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama)

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa bagaimana kelompok kepentingan di tingkat domestik Indonesia dan EFTA dapat mempengaruhi proses ratifikasi perjanjian kemitraan ekonomi komprehensif Indonesia-EFTA. Dalam proses perundingan tersebut terdapat penolakan ratifikasi akses pasar Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia di pasar EFTA. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep two level game Robert D. Putnam. Kendala yang terjadi akan dianalisa pada tingkat internasional dan tingkat domestik di kedua negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui buku, jurnal dan artikel, dokumen resmi, website, serta siaran pers. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat internasional kedua belah pihak telah melakukan perundingan untuk memperjuangkan kepentingan dalam negeri masing-masing negara. Pada tingkat domestik EFTA terdapat kelompok LSM Swiss yang menentang pembukaan akses pasar CPO bagi Indonesia. Hal tersebut berkaitan dengan isu kerusakan lingkungan. Pada tingkat domestik Indonesia, kelompok kepentingan pengusaha kelapa sawit GAPKI mendorong pemerintah Indonesia agar sektor kelapa sawit Indonesia dapat masuk di pasar EFTA. Dorongan diberikan dengan penyediaan informasi terkait keuntungan yang dapat diperoleh jika CPO Indonesia dapat akses pasar EFTA. Tidak hanya itu, GAPKI juga turut melakukan diseminasi informasi terkait produk kelapa sawit Indonesia kepada perwakilan RI di Swiss untuk disampaikan kepada masyarakat Swiss. Pada akhirnya, melalui referendum Swiss disampaikan bahwa masyarakat Swiss bersedia meratifikasi IE-CEPA dengan pertimbangan hubungan ekonomi yang bersahabat. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kebijakan atau kerjasama perdagangan luar negeri dapat dibentuk atau dipengaruhi oleh kepentingan dari kelompok kepentingan domestik.
Mapping the Literature on the Relationship between Indonesia and Chile as Non-Traditional Partners Rachmasari Nur Al-Husin; Asra Virgianita
Journal La Sociale Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Journal La Sociale
Publisher : Borong Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v5i2.1131

Abstract

Indonesia and Chile formed a comprehensive trade cooperation called the Indonesia-Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IC-CEPA). Empirically, the relationship between Indonesia and Chile is not strong, so it is interesting to see how are the dynamics of the relationship between the two countries which are non-traditional partners but established comprehensive trade cooperation. Therefore, this literature review found 25 literatures that have discussed the dynamics of the relationship between Indonesia and Chile. This literature review maps the literature using the taxonomy method into three main topics, namely (1) the historical relationship between Indonesia and Chile, (2) the political relationship between Indonesia and Chile, (3) the economic relationship between Indonesia and Chile. This literature review found that the relationship between Indonesia and Chile in various fields shows a fluctuating trend because they still focus on traditional partners, the relationship between the two countries is pragmatic, lack of political will, and lack of information about each other's characteristics.
The Causes of The United States Launching A Trade War Against The People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 2018 Lailah, Farihah Nishfah; Virgianita, Asra
Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/hjsis.v2i1.31630

Abstract

The trade war between the United States and the People's Republic of China (PRC) has attracted world attention because it was predicted to affect the global economy. The trade war started with the United States implementing high import tariffs on PRC products, to which the PRC then responded with similar actions. The application of this tariff is a response to the trade deficit that occurred to the United States in its trade with China. The United States' trade deficit with China has existed since 1989. Meanwhile, in 2017, the United States and China agreed to implement a 100-day plan aimed at opening up and expanding trade between the two countries. Thus, the question in this research is "Why did the United States launch a trade war against the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 2018?". The theory used in this research is trade expectations theory. The data sources are official United States government documents, World Bank reports and various journals related to this theme. This paper aims to analyze the causes of the United States launching a trade war against the PRC in 2018. The result of this research is The United States launched a trade war against the PRC was because of the United States' negative expectations of the PRC which made the United States choose war against the PRC even though there was high dependence between the two countries. Negative expectations of the United States were assessed by trade deficit aspect, foreign investment aspect, employment and unemployment rate, and public opinion.
Trends and Implementation of Electric Vehicle Ecosystem in Indonesia: A Literature Study Humayro, Afifah; Virgianita, Asra
Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/hjsis.v2i2.34618

Abstract

This research discusses the implementation of the electric vehicle ecosystem in Indonesia as one of the steps to support the goals stated in the Paris Agreement, namely achieving net zero emissions (NZE) by 2060. Indonesia is one of the countries that implements electric vehicles to achieve NZE. However, Indonesia's technology is not yet established for producing electric vehicles and distributing them to the global market. Therefore, this research was motivated to look at 20 sources of literature that have discussed cooperative relations in the Indonesian automotive industry sector with electric vehicle-producing countries. This research maps this literature using a taxonomy method in three main topics, namely (1) the development of the transportation and automotive sector in Indonesia, (2) China, South Korea, and Japan as cooperation partners in the electric vehicle industry, (3) the readiness of electric vehicle ecosystem implementation in Indonesia. This research also includes the explanation of national interest theory to see the perspective of international relations in the purpose of the Indonesia government in achieving electric vehicle ecosystem.
Interaksi antar Aktor dalam Penyelenggaraan Asian Games 2018: Bentuk Wisata Olahraga Berkelanjutan melalui Kerja Sama Multipihak Fauzie, Hanna; Virgianita, Asra
Review of International Relations Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Review of International Relations (Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hubungan Internasional)
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/rir.v6i1.39847

Abstract

This research analyzes the multi-stakeholder collaboration that occurred during the organization of the tourism sporting event, Asian Games 2018, in Indonesia, as part of sustainable tourism implementation. The study adopts the transactional collaboration framework developed by Visseren-Hamakers et. al. (2007), emphasizing the significance of understanding dynamic interactions among government, private sector, and society in achieving goals, particularly within the context of sustainable development. Data for the study were derived from interviews with relevant stakeholders and the analysis of pertinent document studies. The findings reveal that the primary challenges in multi-stakeholder collaboration involve imbalances and hierarchies in interactions between international and national actors. The Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) assumes a dominant role with greater resources, yet neglects the aspect of sustainable tourism in the execution of Asian Games 2018. Business groups prioritize profits over sustainable development. The role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in decision-making related to the Asian Games is limited, underscoring the research's implications on the necessity for more equitable engagement between international and national actors, and the reinforcement of CSOs' role in driving sustainable tourism implementation in sporting events.
The Global and Indonesian Landscape on Child Vaccination, Immunization, and Gender Pahruroji, Pahruroji; Virgianita, Asra
Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/hjsis.v3i1.36123

Abstract

This article discusses the complex dynamics of vaccination, child immunization, and gender within the global and Indonesian landscapes. It highlights the intricate relationship between policies, cultural norms, economic conditions, and social challenges that influence vaccination status and access to immunization services. The study employs a literature review approach to examine various sources, including international frameworks, government policies, and scientific research, to explore the intersectionality of gender and immunization in Indonesia. Findings from this article underscore the crucial role of gender in shaping vaccination status and access to immunization services, particularly in Indonesia, where disparities persist despite efforts by the government and international aid organizations. Recommendations included aiming to achieve vaccination goals. Recommendations include improving data collection, implementing gender-responsive policies, combating misinformation, strengthening healthcare systems, promoting community engagement, and empowering women and fathers to actively participate in healthcare decision-making and immunization advocacy, ultimately aiming to achieve vaccination goals.
Co-Authors Ardhitya Eduard Yeremia Darang Sahdana Candra Emilia Kurniasari Fauzie, Hanna Humayro, Afifah Lailah, Farihah Nishfah Mulyaman, Darynaufal Pahruroji, Pahruroji Rachmasari Nur Al-Husin Saraswati, Nidya Zelvio Apri Verit