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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Tropical Animal Science Journal
N. Ngadiyono
Fakultas Peternakan UGM
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Veterinary

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Supplementing energy and protein source at different rate of degradability to mixture of corn waste and coffee pod as basal diet on rumen fermentation kinetic of beef cattle Pamungkas, Dicky; Utomo, R.; Ngadiyono, N.; Winugroho, M.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (81.431 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v15i1.674

Abstract

The use of corn waste and coffee pod as basal diet needs energy and protein supplementation in order to optimize rumen microbial growth. A research was done to study the appropriate supplement which is suitable based on the result of rumen fermentation kinetics. Four ruminally canulated cows, (205-224 kg of live weight) were placed in individual cages. The basal diet (BD) offered were corn waste and coffee pod mixture (80:20). Source of high degradable energy (HDE) was cassava pomace; while the low degradable energy (LDE) was arenga piñata waste. The high degradable protein (HDP) was mixed-concentrate while the low degradable protein (LDP) was leucaena leave meal. The supplementation of energy and protein to basal diet was in ratio of 50:50 based on dry matter. Feed offered were basal diet and the supplement at ratio of 60: 40 (3 % of LW). Observation was carried out for 4 periods (10 days/period). In each period, animal was fed one of the following diets:  A = BD, B = BD+ HDE+LDP, C = BD+LDE+LDP, and D = BD+HDE+HDP. Rumen kinetics observed were: pH, and VFA, NH3 and rumen microbial protein concentrations. Rumen fluid was taken at the end of each period gradually along the course of 24 hours fermentation. The results showed that the diets gave significant effect (P < 0.05) on rumen pH. The lowest rumen pH (5.76) was observed on diet D  at 2:00, 12 hours after feeding. Meanwhile, the highest pH (7.22) was found in animal fed diet A at 16:00. The total VFA on diet D of periode:1, 3 and 4 showed the highest level: 68.1 mmol/l; 75.37 mmol/l and 85.14 mmol/l respectively. The highest NH3 concentration was found in diet D followed  by diet C, B and A. At 12:00 observation or at 4 h after morning feeding the highest NH3 was observed from diet D (41.94 mg/100 ml). It is concluded that diet D resulted in the best rumen fermentation kinetic, therefore it could be used in feed formulation in cattle diets. Key words: Corn Waste, Coffee Pod, Degradation, Rumen Fermentation
Breeding value of sires based on offspring weaning weight as a recommendation for selecting Kebumen Ongole Grade cattle Sumadi, S.; Fathoni, A.; Maharani, D.; Ngadiyono, N.; Widayati, D. T.; Noviandi, C. T.; Khusnudin, M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 42, No 3 (2017): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.42.3.160-166

Abstract

The objective of study was to estimate breeding value of sires of Kebumen Ongole grade cattle based on offsprings weaning weight. This research was carried out from August to December 2015 in Urut Sewu area, Kebumen. The calculation of genetic parameter estimation was heritability of weaning weight. The value of heritability was used to calculate the breeding value of sires based on offsprings weaning weight. Heritability was calculated using paternal half-sib correlation with the direct pattern variance analysis. Breeding Value (BV) of sire was calculated by absolute estimated breeding value. The materials used in this study included were data record during the last three years (2013-2015) consisted of 41 sires, 51 dams and 244 calves. Weaning weight data had been corrected based on age of dams, sex and weaning age of 120 days. The results showed that the heritability value of weaning weight was included in high category (0.36 ± 0.21). The highest BV was KJ.J608 (49.76) with a ratio of 231.45%. The results of this study were expected to be the basis recommendation for selecting sires in Kebumen.
FORAGE PRODUCTIVITY OF ARBILA (Phaseolus lunatus) AT VARIOUS LEVELS OF RHIZOBIUM INOCULANTS AND HARVESTING TIMES Koten, B.B.; Soetrisno, R.D.; Ngadiyono, N.; Soewignyo, B.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 37, No 4 (2012): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.37.4.286-293

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate forage productivity of arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) as theruminant feed at various levels of rhizobium inoculants and harvesting times, was designed followingcompletely randomized design of factorial pattern with two factors. The first factor was the level ofinoculums (I) i.e. I1 (without inoculum), I2 (5 g/kg seed), I3 (10 g/kg seed), and I4 (15 g/kg seed). Thesecond factor was harvesting time (U) i.e. U1 (60 days), U2 (80 days), U3 (100 days) with 4replications. The variables were N uptake, production of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM), andpercentage of OM, crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), nitrogen free extract (NFE), extract ether (EE)and ash of arbila forage (based on DM). The results showed that inoculant treatment at the rate of 15g/kg seed produced the highest percentage of effective nodules (98.72%), and in combination withharvesting age at 100 days each polybag of plant was able to absorb the higest amount of N (688. 10 g)with production of DM 273.81 g, OM production 263.96 g and nutrients content based on DM of about91.14% OM, 33.52% CF, 34.76%, 5.75% EE, 09.37% ash, and 16.16% CP. From the study, it can beconcluded that arbila plants inoculated specific rhizobium Phaseolus vulgaris at the rate of 15 g/kg seedand harvested at 100 days yielded the best forage as feed.
Effect of Shearing on Thermo-Physiological, Behavior, and Productivity Traits of Two Indonesian Local Sheep Breeds Panjono; Ibrahim, A.; Ngadiyono, N.; Maulana, H.; Atmoko, B. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.1.42

Abstract

Thin-tailed sheep (TTS) and Fat-tailed sheep (FTS) are local Indonesian sheep breeds characterized by coarse wool. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wool shearing on the thermo-physiological, behavior, and productivity traits of these sheep. Sixteen selected rams were utilized in this study. Animals were assigned to a factorial completely randomized design and divided into two groups (TTS and FTS) and two treatments (sheared and unsheared). The study spanned three months under controlled conditions. Variables observed included environmental conditions, thermo-physiological parameters (respiratory rate/RR, pulse rate/PR, rectal temperature/RT, and heat stress index/HSI), sheep behavior (feeding duration, drinking frequency, rumination duration, urination frequency, defecation frequency, standing duration, and lying duration), and sheep productivity (feed intake, average daily gain/ADG, and feed conversion ratio/FCR). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Throughout the study, average temperature and humidity ranged from 25.13-30.48 oC and 64.50%-91.67%, respectively. Wool shearing significantly influenced (p<0.05) sheep’s thermo-physiological, behavior, and productivity traits. These effects were consistent across sheep breeds, with no significant differences noted. Wool shearing significantly reduced (p<0.05) RR, PR, and RT, while the impact on average HSI was not significant. Additionally, sheared sheep exhibited increased (p<0.05) feeding, rumination, standing duration, and higher defecation frequency. Conversely, drinking frequency, urination frequency, and lying duration decreased in the sheared sheep group. Moreover, the sheared sheep demonstrated higher (p<0.05) feed intake and ADG, leading to a reduced (p<0.05) FCR compared to the unsheared group. In conclusion, shearing is a recommended practice for coarse wool-type sheep in tropical environments. This technique does not induce stress and enhances their thermo-physiological, behavior, and productivity traits.
Co-Authors Atmoko, B. A. B. Soewignyo B.B. Koten C. T. Noviandi D. T. Widayati Dicky Pamungkas Fathoni, A. Ibrahim, A. Khusnudin, M. M. Winugroho Maharani, D. Maulana, H. Panjono R. Utomo R.D. Soetrisno S. Sumadi