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Kusumo Nugroho
Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development
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CHARACTERIZING THE SOIL FOR IMPROVED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED MAIZE GROWING AREAS OF INDONESIA Fauzi, Achmad I.; Agus, Fahmuddin; Sukarman, Sukarman; Nugroho, Kusumo
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 12, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

The demand for maize, the second most important food crop in Indonesia, is steadily increasing. Knowledge of soil properties is a key element in developing nutrient management system. The aims of this study were to characterize and classify the soils at the family level of Soil Taxonomy and linking the taxa with nutrient management systems. The study was conducted at the Site Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) for maize in Indonesia from June to October 2005. Eight soil profiles were taken from Karo (North Sumatra), Sidomulyo (Lampung), Wonogiri and Grobogan (Central Java), Wonokerto, Mojoayu, and Tuban (East Java), and Jeneponto (South Sulawesi). The soil samples were analyzed for their physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics. Soil profile description followed the Standard Guidelines of the Food and Agriculture Organiza-tion. Results showed that the sites for the SSNM represented a wide range of soils and climate characteristics from Entisols with 1,050 mm annual rainfall in Jeneponto to Oxisols with 2,200 mm annual rainfall in Lampung. Most soils had a fine texture class (clay and clay loam), but in places like Lampung and Wonogiri, the clay had a low activity leading to a low cation exchange capacity (CEC) and low exchangeable cations, especially K. The relatively high-K status soils were found in Karo, Grobogan, and Tuban sites. Organic matter and, in consequence, total N were relatively low for all SSNM sites. Available P status ranged from low to high. The low available P in Grobogan, Wonokerto, and Mojoayu soils seemed to be related to high pH, while in Lampung it was due to low pH. Exchangeable Ca and Mg were high in Grobogan, Mojoayu, Karo, and Tuban due to the presence of weatherable minerals such as hypersthene, augite, and hornblende. In general, this study suggests that organic matter, N, and P will be needed across the sites. K addition will be necessary for Karo, Lampung and Wonogiri, while in other SSNM areas, maintenance rates for K will be needed unless plant residues are recycled.
Nutrient Removal by Rice Cultivated in Newly Opened Wetland Rice in Bulungan District, East Kalimantan Sukristiyonubowo, .; Nugroho, Kusumo; Vadari, Tagus
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 17 No. 2: May 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i2.115-120

Abstract

Highly weathered Indonesian soils and potential acid sulphate soils are mainly granted for developing newlyopened wetland rice field to meet rice growing demand in Indonesia. Nutrient removal by rice harvest product ofCiliwung variety planted in newly opened wetland rice was studied in Bulungan District, in 2009. The aims were toexamine the nutrient taken out by rice harvest product and to properly manage its fertility status to sustain ricefarming. Six treatments were studied including T0: farmers practices, T1: farmer practices + compost + dolomite, T2:NPK recommended rate, N and K were split two times, T3: NPK recommended rate, N and K were split three times,T4: NPK recommended rate, N and K were split three times + compost + dolomite and T5: NPK recommended rate,N and K were split two times + compost + dolomite. The results indicated that the highest concentrations of N, P,and K in rice grain and rice straw were observed at NPK with recommendation rate in which N and K were split threetimes + straw compost + dolomite (T4). The T4 (NPK with recommendation rate in which N and K were split threetimes + straw compost + dolomite) also showed the highest nutrient removal by harvest product. Depending on thetreatments, total nutrients removal through rice grains and rice straw varied from 61.81 to 101.71 kg N, 4.31 to13.69 kg P and from 95.77 to 171.16 kg K ha-1 season-1, meaning that at least about 137 to 225 kg urea, 50 to 160kg SP-36 and 190 to 339 kg KCl ha-1 season-1 should be given to replace nutrient removed by harvest product andto avoid any nutrients depletion. When all rice straws were returned to the field as compost, about 55 to 133 kg urea,25 to 110 kg SP-36 and 10 to 19 kg KCl ha-1 season-1 should be added to substitute nutrient removed by rice grain.[How to Cite: Sukristiyonubowo, K Nugroho and T Vadari. 2012. Nutrient Removal by Rice Cultivated in Newly Opened Wetland Rice in Bulungan District, East Kalimantan. J Trop Soils 17: 115-120. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.115] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.115]
Plot Scale Phosphorous and Potassium Balances of Newly Opened Wetland Rice Farming Originated from Wetland Sukristiyonubowo, .; Nugroho, Kusumo; Ritung, Sofyan
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 17 No. 3: September 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i3.227-237

Abstract

Development of newly opened wetland rice fields both from dry land and wetland in Indonesia are important to meetrice growing demand, increase soil productivity, keep rural food security and provide jobs as well as generateincome. Most soils of newly opened rice fields are low in P and K contents, but the farmers do not apply P and Krecommended fertilisers. The study was conducted on newly opened wetland rice farming in Panca Agung village,Bulungan District, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia in 2009. The aims were to evaluate phosphorous andpotassium input – out of newly opened wetland rice and to validate the P and K recommendation. Six treatmentswere tested including farmers practices (as control), farmer practices + straw compost + dolomite, NPK withrecommendation rate in which N and K was split in two applications, NPK with recommendation rate in which N andK was split three applications, NPK with recommendation rate + straw compost + Dolomite , in which N and K wassplit three applications, and NPK with recommendation rate + straw compost + dolomite, in which N and K weresplit two applications. The N, P and K rates were 250 kg urea, 100 kg SP-36 and 100 kg KCl ha-1 season-1, while thefarmer practices 100 kg urea and 100 kg SP-36 ha-1 season-1. Parameters to be measured were concentration P andK in mineral fertilizer, compost, irrigation water and grains as well as straw. The results showed that surplus Pranged from 5.75 to 12.85 kg P ha-1 season-1, meaning that SP-36 application rate was more than enough to replace Premoved by harvest product. In contrast, potassium application rate should be increased from 100 to 200 kg KClha-1 season-1 to fix K removed by harvest product. However, when the compost will also be increased to 3 Mg ha-1season-1 K fertilizer can be increased to 150 kg KCl ha-1 season-1 to substitute K taken away by rice harvest productand to keep higher rice grain yield. These P and K recommendation rate imply that total SP-36 and KCl should beavailable at district level will be about 984.9 Mg SP-36 and 1.477 Mg KCl district -1 season -1, respectively.Keywords: Newly opened wetland rice; nutrient balance; nutrient input; nutrient losses; plot scale wetland[How to Cite: Sukristiyonubowo, K Nugroho and S Ritung. 2012. Plot Scale Phosphorous and Potassium Balances of Newly Opened Wetland Rice Farming Originated from Wetland. J Trop Soils 17 (3): 227-237. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.227][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.227] 
Co-Authors . SUKRISTIYONUBOWO Achmad I. Fauzi Fahmuddin Agus Sofyan Ritung Sukarman Sukarman Vadari, Tagus