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Linda Trivana
Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Indonesia-Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma

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Pengaruh Rasio Debu Sabut Kelapa dan Kotoran Kambing terhadap Waktu Pengomposan dan Kualitas Pupuk Organik [The Effects of Coconut Coir Dust - Goat Debris Rasio on Composting Time and Organic Fertilizer Quality] Linda Trivana; Adhitya Yudha Pradhana
Buletin Palma Vol 19, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v19n1.2018.33-46

Abstract

The coconut coir dust nutrients suitable for use as organic fertilizer. Nitrogen and phosporus levels in coir dust is still low, so it’s requires additional organic materials, such as goat debris. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of composting time of coconut coir dust and goat debris mixture on organic fertilizer quality. The study used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 5 replications so that 25 units of experiments were obtained, and each treatment added 20 ml EM4 bioactivator. The mixture of coir dust- goat debris consist of: A (80:20), B (60:40), C (50:50), D (40:60), and E (20:80). The peak temperature of composting of organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust- goat debris 80:20 and 60:40 occured on the 21st-days of composting, while organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust- goat debris 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 on the 12th days of compositing. Organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust- goat debris 80:20 and 60:40 during composting time 21 days didn’t in accordance SNI standards (C/N ratio 10-20), namely 21.28 and 21.10. Organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust- goat debris 80:20 and 60:40 were require longer composting time more than 21 days. Organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust- goat debris 50:50 and 40:60 that’s unqualified SNI 19-7030-2004 standard at composting time 21 days. Organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust - goat debris 20:80 on composting that’s 7th, 14th, and 21st days unqualified SNI standard, because C/N ratio do not meet SNI standard (C/N ratio 10-20), that is 28.64, 21.89 and 7.93 respectively. The ideal time of composting for organic fertilizer with ratio of coir dust- goat debris 20:80 between 14 - 21 days.ABSTRAKDebu sabut mengandung unsur hara yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik. Kadar N dan P debu sabut masih rendah sehingga membutuhkan tambahan bahan organik lain seperti kotoran kambing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pengomposan campuran debu sabut kelapa dan kotoran kambing terhadap kualitas pupuk organik. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan sehingga diperolah 25 satuan percobaan dan setiap perlakuan ditambahkan bioaktivator EM4 sebanyak 20 ml. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah komposisi debu sabut (DS)-kotoran kambing (KK) yang terdiri atas A (80:20), B (60:40), C (50:50), D (40:60), dan E (20:80). Suhu puncak pengomposan untuk pupuk organik dengan komposisi DS-KK 80:20 dan 60:40 terjadi pada hari ke-21, sedangkan pupuk organik dengan komposisi DS-KK 50:50, 40:60, dan 20:80 pada hari ke-12. Pupuk organik dengan komposisi DS-KK 80:20 dan 60:40 selama pengomposan 21 hari tidak memenuhi standar SNI (rasio C/N 10-20), yaitu 21,28 dan 21,10. Pupuk organik dengan komposisi DS-KK 80:20 dan 60:40 memerlukan waktu pengomposan yang lebih lama (lebih dari 21 hari). Pupuk organik dengan komposisi DS-KK 50:50 dan 40:60 memenuhi standar SNI 19-70302004 pada waktu pengomposan 21 hari. Pupuk organik dengan komposisi DS-KK 20:80 pada pengomposan 7, 14, dan 21 hari tidak memenuhi standar SNI, karena nilai rasio C/N pupuk E tidak sesuai dengan SNI (rasio C/N 10-20), yaitu masing masing sebesar 28,64, 21,89 dan 7,93. Waktu ideal pengomposan untuk pupuk E antara 14-21 hari.   
Effect of Surfactant Addition on The Physico-Chemical Properties and Stability of Virgin Coconut Oil Nanoemulsions Linda Trivana; Nugraha E. Suyatma; Dase Hunaefi; S. Joni Munarso
Buletin Palma Vol 22, No 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v22n1.2021.31-42

Abstract

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is high quality coconut oil and categorized as the healthiest oil and functional foods. Based on these benefits, the development of a VCO in emulsion product might increase the human consumption of coconut oil because consumers dislike the only taste of pure VCO. The aim of this study was to develop the water compatible form of VCO through nano-emulsification. The effect of different types and amounts of surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80) on the physio-chemical characteristic of emulsion containing VCO was investigated. VCO based emulsions were prepared with the aid of Ultra-Turrax homogenizer. Emulsions were developed by adding and mixing VCO with surfactants. The ratio of Tween 80 and Span 80 used were 0:10, 2.5:7.5, 5:5, 7.5:2.5, and 10:0. The droplet size of nanoemulsions consisting of Tween 80:Span 80 (0:10, 2.5:7.5, 5:5, 7.5:2.5, and 10:0) were 1.343, 0.606, 0.829, 1.439, and 2.506µm, respectively. Based on the TEM analysis and polydispersity index (PDI) >0.5 showed the oil droplets are in not uniform shape, indicating a unstable emulsion. VCO emulsion with ratio Tween 80:Span 80 (0:10) obtained a homogeneous emulsion (stable) compare than that of others and w/o type emulsion. The stability of emulsion is evaluated by turbidity measurement using UV-VIS spectrophotometer with wavelength 502 nm. A combination of  treatments (ambient condition, thermal treatmeant (40°C)), and centrifuge) of VCO emulsion has resulted on thermal treat, the turbidity measured from the emulsion was higher than the other emulsion, reflecting the presence of the smaller droplets in this emulsion.