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All Journal Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Refleksi: Jurnal Filsafat dan Pemikiran Islam ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin
Alim Roswantoro
UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Religion Humanities Social Sciences

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FILSAFAT SOSIAL-POLITIK PLATO DAN ARISTOTELES Alim Roswantoro
Refleksi: Jurnal Filsafat dan Pemikiran Keislaman Vol 15, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7396.488 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/ref.2015.%x

Abstract

Plato andAristeoteles have a teacher-student relationship. And both philosophers have the same teacher, that is, a great philosopher of the classic Greek, Socrates. Both philosophers talk many things in philosophy, and one of them is the social-political thought. The writing tries to comparative-philosophically describe the social-political thought of Plato and Aristotle that can be read in their works particularly in Republic, Laws, and Statesman of Plato, and in Nicomachean Ethics and Politics ofAristotle. The result of study shows that the main idea of their social-political philosophies is to create and maintain a just city-state providing the happiness for all citizens. But, both philosophers differ in respect of the way of embodying it. InPlato's thought, a just city-state occurs under the guidance of the light of ideal knowledge and virtue produced by philosophers-kings. Whereas for Aristotle, it happens because of the human-instictive process as socil-polical creature. It takes place as along as the city• state is able to condition its citizens to be the good people.
Studi Islam: Konsepsi, Kemunculan Polemik-Ideologis dan Filsafat Ilmu Pengembangannya Alim Roswantoro
ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/esensia.v17i2.1285

Abstract

Islamic studies have developed from its birth time of the early Islam to nowadays time. Unfortunately, the phenomena of ideological polemics of epistemological groups of Islamic thought can still be strongly found in today’s moslim’s life. The polemics, of course, limit the human freedom of thought in order to progressively develop the Islamic knowledge. The article intends to study causes of the emergence of ideological polemics and conflicts of Islamic epistemological groups. And then it tries to give the philosophical way to make the Islamic studies continuously in the progress. The writing uses the analysis method of philosophy of science to answer the problems. The writing found that the causes of the ideological polemics are the political dominance, the idolization, and truth claim of Islamic thought or the product of Islamic studies, and to have the progressiveness of Islamic studies, the only way is to change the logic of dominance, idolization, and truth claim become that of mutually discursive communication.[Studi Islam telah berkembang dari awal kelahirannya di masa awal Islam sampai dewasa ini. Sayangnya, fenomena polemik ideologis antar kelompok-kelompok epistemologis keislaman masih secara kuat bisa ditemukan. Polemik ini tentu saja menghambat kebebasan berpikir dalam pengembangan pengetahuan keislaman. Tulisan ini bermaksud mengkaji sebab-sebab kemunculan polemik dan konflik ideologis dalam pemikiran keislaman tersebut, dan mencoba menawarkan pemecahan filosofisnya untuk mendorong studi Islam selalu berada dalam kemajuan. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode analisis filsafat ilmu untuk menganalisa maksud penelitian ini. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa sebab kemunculan polemik ideologis antar kelompok-kelompok epistemologis keislaman adalah dominasi politik, sakralisasi, dan klaim kebenaran terhadap pemikiran keislaman, dan untuk mendapatkan progresivitas studi-studi Islam, satu-satunya cara adalah mengubah logika dominasi, sakralisasi, dan klaim kebenaran dengan nalar saling berkomunikasi dan nalar diskursif.]
FISIKA SOSIAL DAN PENYOALAN EKSISTENSI AGAMA DALAM POSITIVISME AUGUSTE COMTE, DAN KEMUNGKINAN RELEVANSINYA PADA DISKURSUS SOSIOLOGI AGAMA Alim Roswantoro
Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Program Studi Sosiologi Agama Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsa.2022.162-07

Abstract

This paper focuses on rethinking with epistemological analysis of the idea of social physics in Auguste Comte’s positivism which negates the existence of religion or theology. His imagined social physics replacing theology to find an objective-positive social theory did not completely deprive him of his inspiration from religious morality. Altruism, in his natural religion, humanism, is evidence of inspiration from religious morality, which he imagined as a universal-objective human value for overcoming social conflicts. In the future, sociology with its scientific method will find positive-objective social theories, such as altruism in his religion of humanism, as a scientific instrument to build the social cohesion of a society. Modern society, which he considered to be inhabited only by secular-scientific people, until now is in fact also inhabited by religious-scientific people. Rejecting the assumption that there is no relevance between Comte’s sociology and the sociology of religion, this paper emphasizes that there is relevance. Religious human social behavior as a social fact, not a doctrine of belief, can be observed, experimented with and compared to find the objectivity of social theory of religious social behavior which can also universalized as in Comte’s secular sociology.
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