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All Journal IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral (Journal of Geology and Mineral Resources)
Asep K. Permana
Centre for Geological Survey, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Jln. Diponegoro No.57 Bandung
Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy

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Maceral Characteristics and Vitrinite Reflectance Variation of The High Rank Coals, South Walker Creek, Bowen Basin, Australia Permana, Asep K.; Ward, C. R.; Gurba, L. W.
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 8, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (795.064 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v8i2.156

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v8i2.156The Permian coals of the South Walker Creek area, with a vitrinite reflectance (Rvmax) of 1.7 to 1.95% (low-volatile bituminous to semi-anthracite), are one of the highest rank coals currently mined in the Bowen Basin for the pulverized coal injection (PCI) market. Studies of petrology of this coal seam have identified that the maceral composition of the coals are dominated by inertinite with lesser vitrinite, and only minor amounts of liptinite. Clay minerals, quartz, and carbonates can be seen under the optical microscope. The mineral matter occurs in association with vitrinite and inertinite macerals as syngenetic and epigenetic mineral phases. The irregular pattern of the vitrinite reflectance profile from the top to the bottom of the seam may represent a response in the organic matter to an uneven heat distribution from such hydrothermal influence. Examination of the maceral and vitrinite reflectance characteristics suggest that the mineralogical variation within the coal seam at South Walker Creek may have been controlled by various geological processes, including sediment input into the peat swamp during deposition, mineralogical changes associated with the rank advance process or metamorphism, and/or hydrothermal effects due to post depositional fluid migration through the coal seam.
Geoheritage Potential of Non-Volcanic Hot Springs in Bangka Island: Implications for Geotourism Activities Permana, Asep K.; Yurnaldi, Dida; Rohiman, Asep; Kurnia, Kurnia; Koesworo, A.; Irzon, Ronaldo
Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Survei Geologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v26i4.871

Abstract

Natural hot springs are important for various domestic purposes, health treatments, recreational bathing as well as settings for socio-cultural and traditional functions for thousands of years. However, most people are not aware and familiar with the key geological processes of these hot springs. There are three natural hot springs were discovered in the Bangka Island, while the origin and source of these hot springs are still poorly understood. This study provides the water characteristics of those springs and discusses of their origin by considering geological setting, as well as identified these hot springs as geoheritage sites potential. The surface temperatures of thermal springs range from 46 - 49° C, and the pH values ranges from 5.0 to 6.0. The hydro geochemical characteristic of hot springs is divided into two types, mature water and peripheral water. The anion composition (Cl-SO4-HCO3) obtained from water samples of the Permis Hot Spring contains high Cl, indicates as mature water type, and unrelated to recent volcanism. On the other hand, a water sample from the Nyelanding Hot Spring is relatively high HCO3which indicate as pheripheral water type, and far from the primary source. The Na-K-Mg ternary diagram reveals that water samples of the Permis hot spring is partial equilibrium water type with high Na and Cl compositions, while the Nyelanding one is immature water type characterised by high Mg content. Radiogenic granitic host rock represents the main heat source for both non volcanic hot springs in Bangka Islands. The heat is derived from deep-shallow circulation of meteoric water through fractures that cut into the granitic plutons. These hot springs are unique and show special features that play an important role in understanding of the dynamic of the Earth. These hot springs also have some significant geoheritage values, such as scientific, aesthetic, and recreational. Therefore, these hot springs have the potential to be properly conserved, managed and developed geoheritage sites and utilised for a sustainable geotourism development in Bangka Island. Keyword: Non-volcanic hot springs, geoheritage, geotourism, Bangka Island
Co-Authors Asep Rohiman, Asep C. R. Ward Koesworo, A. KURNIA KURNIA, KURNIA L. W. Gurba Ronaldo Irzon Yurnaldi, Dida