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Why Muslim Countries under developed? Siti Aisyah
AL- IKTISAB Journal of Islamic Economic Law Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Darusssalam Gontor

Islam is very comprehensive religion as the way of life that guides mankind in allaspects of life. The two responsible of human such as worshiper of Allah and agent ofeconomic on earth are related to development. Nowadays, the development of Islamiceconomic and finance in many Muslim countries is significant to contribute the economicgrowths in the country in spite of many of Muslim countries are still in the povertyproblem. By then, the paper attempts to analyze the major problem of Muslim countriestoward development, to explore determinant factors of development in Islamic goldenage and to give best solution to economic development of Muslim countries. It isqualitative research by using content analysis to answer all reseach questions. Thefindings are that The problem of development in Muslim countries is very complex suchas poverty, lack of human skill, income inequality, low level productivity, accumulationof foreign debt and illiteracy. There are several countries that have excessive oil can becategorized as high human development. The economic development of Islamic Goldenage applies religious and physical factors to promote society welfare. Lastly, there arefive successfull determinant factors in economic development such as religion, knowledge,wealth, inovation and institution.

Optimization of Agricultural Land: A Lesson from Islamic Economics Nurizal Ismail; siti Aisyah
AL- IKTISAB Journal of Islamic Economic Law Vol 1, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Darusssalam Gontor

Human as social being is required to earn the wealth obtained from factors ofproduction to survive in his life. One of the important factors is land, which has beenmostly used in economy such as infrastructure, agriculture and mining. Unfortunately,the use of land tends to give more benefit to capitalist or land-owner than others intodays’ world. It impacts to inequality distribution of income in the society faced in thirdworld country that is mostly in Muslim countries. In Islam, administration of the landhas been concerned in primary sources (Qur’an and Sunnah) and Islamic literatures andpracticed into action in the state such as iqta, ihya al-mawat, zakah, rikaz, muzara’ah,salam, musaqah and other instruments. These instruments are mostly used in agriculturalfield in the Islamic age. Another instrument can contribute to sustainable agriculturaldevelopment is tax land: al-kharaj and al-’usyr. However, the result of this study statesthat to optimize the agricultural land, the state and Islamic banks can contribute togetherto solve the farmers problem such lack of financial support, shortage of water irrigation,lack of training and technology use by integrating appropriate Islamic financing andpolice of land tax that gives benefit and just to the farmers.

The Distribution of Zakat at The Time of Caliph Umar ibn Khattab Siti Aisyah; Nurizal Ismail
AL- IKTISAB Journal of Islamic Economic Law Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Darusssalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/al-iktisab.v3i2.3908

Zakat is an important pillar in Islam that has a dimension of worship, but economical value that gives the benefit of the muslim community. In the current management of zakat in addition to gathering problems, but also the distribution of zakat. In Islamic history, the successful example of management of zakat was exemplified by the prophet, and was followed by caliph al-rasidun. One of the pros and cons of the centralization and decentralized problems of zakat. Therefore, this study tried to analyze zakat distribution policy in the time of Umar because it is a successful example in the management of zakat. Results of the study explained that the distribution system of zakat conducted by caliph Umar ibn Khattab use the desesntralization of zakat. This is chosen because it is more direct to the community in which the region is collected by zakat by the government-appointed zakat agency. Also more effective and efficient to do than zakat centralization. Furthermore, the priority distribution of zakat target is permissible according to the condition and state of mustahik zakat in a region. Not to be imposed with the distribution of zakat for the eight ashnaf or in part is adjusted to the state of mustahik.

The Concept of Had Kifayah in Zakah Management Nurizal Ismail; Siti Aisyah
Al Tijarah Vol 5, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

This research attempts to find the concept of had kifayah (the sufficiency line) in classical Islamic texts (turasts) written by Muslim scholars and to be analysed it in the contemporary relevance of zakah management. It employs a qualitative method by exploring the concept of had kifayah of early Muslim Scholars and analyzing its relevance in the current condition. Moreover, the findings are clearly stated that the concept of had kifayah is derived from the works of early Muslim scholars that gives a fundamental philosophical framework toward the development of had kifayah study in zakah management.The existing research covers the study of had kifayah focusing on formulating the measurement of had kifayah with some additional Islamic values that based on the maqasid Shari’ah approach. However, the comprehensive study on the had kifayah based in Islamic perspective has been not executed very much in this regard. This research will contribute to the development of Islamic economics because the concept had kifayah related to the development of zakah management

Rethinking the Paradigm of Islamic Banking: Integrated of Commercial and Social Oriented Siti Aisyah; Nurizal Ismail; Ibrahim Fahad Sulaiman; Eko Nur Cahyo; Devid Frastiawan Amir Sup
AL- IKTISAB Journal of Islamic Economic Law Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law
Publisher : University of Darusssalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/al-iktisab.v6i2.8844

The recent appraisal of Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF) development has focused on the interest based banking system. Banks role and function have been retained to create sharia compliant instruments to replace conventional banks interest based instruments. Another issue is the objective of Islamic banking to contribute to social obligation despite profit maximization. In this context, IBF institutions have been involved in debt financing oriented transactions such as murabahah instead of musyarakah and mudharabah, as they are more profitable. This research attempts to clarify Islamic banking's objective derived from Muslim scholars views and how it complies with sharia. Thus, it is necessary to rethink the paradigm of IBF that is in line with pure Islamic economics, whereas conventional banking has been shifting toward social banking. The methodology used is qualitative-descriptive-literature. The result is, several applied integrated models in IBFs, such as Social Islamic Bank Limited (SIBL), have offered Mudaraba Waqf Cash Deposit Account (MWCDA). Then sadaqa house is provided by Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB), an integrated institution model in which Islamic banking can cooperate with other Islamic social finance such as waqf institutions in Indonesia. Finally, the research finding argues that Islamic banking's paradigm is to promote the ummah's maslahat by integrating commercial and social aspects into its operational and objective.Penilaian perkembangan Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF) baru-baru ini berfokus pada sistem perbankan berbasis bunga. Peran dan fungsi bank tetap dipertahankan untuk menciptakan instrumen yang sesuai dengan syariah untuk menggantikan instrumen berbasis bunga bank konvensional. Isu lain adalah tujuan perbankan syariah untuk berkontribusi pada kewajiban sosial selain juga keuntungan maksimal. Dalam konteks ini, lembaga IBF telah terlibat dalam transaksi yang berorientasi pembiayaan hutang seperti murabahah daripada musyarakah dan mudharabah, karena lebih menguntungkan. Penelitian ini mencoba mengklarifikasi tujuan perbankan syariah yang berasal dari pandangan cendekiawan Muslim dan bagaimana kepatuhannya terhadap syariah. Dengan demikian, perlu dipikirkan kembali paradigma IBF yang sejalan dengan ekonomi Islam murni, padahal perbankan konvensional sudah bergeser ke arah social banking. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-deskriptif-literatur. Hasilnya, beberapa model terintegrasi yang diterapkan di IBF, seperti Social Islamic Bank Limited (SIBL), telah menawarkan Mudharabah Waqf Cash Deposit Account (MWCDA). Kemudian, rumah sedekah disediakan oleh Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB), sebuah model lembaga terpadu dimana perbankan syariah dapat bekerja sama dengan keuangan sosial Islam lainnya seperti lembaga wakaf di Indonesia. Akhirnya, temuan penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa paradigma perbankan syariah adalah mempromosikan kemaslahatan umat dengan mengintegrasikan aspek komersial dan sosial ke dalam operasional dan tujuannya.

The Concept of Had Kifayah in Zakah Management Nurizal Ismail; Siti Aisyah
Al Tijarah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2019): Al Tijarah | June
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tijarah.v5i1.3324

This research attempts to find the concept of had kifayah (the sufficiency line) in classical Islamic texts (turasts) written by Muslim scholars and to be analysed it in the contemporary relevance of zakah management. It employs a qualitative method by exploring the concept of had kifayah of early Muslim Scholars and analyzing its relevance in the current condition. Moreover, the findings are clearly stated that the concept of had kifayah is derived from the works of early Muslim scholars that gives a fundamental philosophical framework toward the development of had kifayah study in zakah management.The existing research covers the study of had kifayah focusing on formulating the measurement of had kifayah with some additional Islamic values that based on the maqasid Shari’ah approach. However, the comprehensive study on the had kifayah based in Islamic perspective has been not executed very much in this regard. This research will contribute to the development of Islamic economics because the concept had kifayah related to the development of zakah management

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