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All Journal Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Islam Al-Afaq: Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi
Arino Bemi Sado
Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram
Religion Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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KAJIAN FIQH SAINS TERHADAP KECERLANGAN HILAL SEBAGAI PRASYARAT TERLIHAT HILAL KRITERIA DANJON DAN KRITERIA DJAMALUDDIN Arino Bemi Sado
istinbath Vol 16 No 2 (2017): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (595.311 KB) | DOI: 10.20414/ijhi.v16i2.4

Abstract

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan kriteria Danjon dan kriteria Djamaluddin untuk kecerlangan sebagai prasyarat terlihatnya hilal dalam penentuan awal bulan hijriah. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif dan pendekatan fiqh sains, tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang kecerlangan sebagai prasyarat terlihat hilal dengan kriteria Danjon dan Djamaluddin serta membandingkan antara kedua kriteria tersebut. Perlu dilakukan analisis mendalam mengenai tingkat kecerlangan hilal yang dapat memengaruhi pengamatan hilal pada saat matahari mulai terbenam pada akhir bulan Hijriyah. Danjon telah menganalisis hubungan antara jarak sudut matahari dan bulan (yaitu jarak di langit dalam ukuran sudut pandang yang dinyatakan dalam derajat) serta besarnya lengkungan sabit hilal. Djamaluddin mempertimbangkan dua aspek pokok terkait dengan kecerlangan hilal, yaitu aspek fisik hilal dan aspek kontras latar depan di ufuk barat. Aspek fisik hilal dipertimbangkan karena terkait dengan kuat cahayanya, sedangkan aspek kontras latar depan di ufuk barat dipertimbangkan karena terkait dengan cahaya senja yang mengganggu pengamat ketika mengamati hilal. Dari uraian tentang kecerlangan kriteria Danjon dan Djamaluddin, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa kriteria Djamaluddin merupakan penyempurna dari kritera Danjon, yakni dengan menambahkan parameter beda tinggi Bulan dan Matahari pada kriterianya, sebagai koreksi terhadap cahaya syafak. Abstract This study explains Danjon and Djamaluddin’s criteria for brightness as a precondition for the appearance of a new moon in the early determination of the hijri month. By using comparative descriptive method and fiqh approach of science, this paper explains bout the brightness as a prerequisite for the visibility of the moon viewed from these two scholars. Danjon, a France astronomer, has analyzed the relationship between the angular distance of the sun and the moon (i.e. the distance in the sky in the measured viewing angle expressed in the degrees) as well as the magnitude of the hilal crescent arch. Djamaluddin considers two main aspects related to the brightness of the new moon, the physical aspect of the new moon and the aspect of the foreground contrast on the western horizon. The physical aspect of the new moon is considered because it is associated with its strong light, while the foreground contrast aspect in the western horizon is considered because it is associated with the evening light that disturbs the observer when observing the moon. This study argues that Djamaluddin’s criterion is a perfect complement to Danjon’s criterion. Djamaluddin adds the height difference parameters of the moon and the sun to its criterion as a correction to the light of syafak (twilight)
The Effect of Lunar Elongation and Illumination Fraction on the Visibility of the Moon Mazratul Aini mazra; Arino Bemi Sado
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i2.11703

Abstract

The visibility of the new Moon is significantly influenced by the Sun’s position at Sunset, often referred to as elongation or the angular distance between the Sun and Moon. The criteria currently agreed upon by the Indonesian government for determining the start of the lunar month are the NEW-MABIMS criteria, which require a minimum Moon height of 3° and a minimum crescent elongation of 6,4°. This thesis aims to (1) determine the influence of elongation and lunar illumination fraction on the visibility of the new Moon, and (2) identify the elongation value and lunar illumination fraction that impact the new Moon’s visibility at Loang Baloq Beach. This research employs a field research method using a mixed-methods approach. Data collection methods include observation and documentation. The result of this thesis indicates that (1) both elongation and lunar position fraction affect the visibility of the new Moon.  Multiple linear regression analysis, a correlation value of 68,41%, categorized as strong, a coefficient value of 41,96%, categorized as moderate and R2 46,8% also categorized as moderate. This suggests a significant influence of elongation and lunar illumination fraction on the visibility of the crescent Moon, though other factors also contribute. (2) the smallest crescent observed was at the elongation of 8° 11’ 24.00” with an illumination fraction of 0,69%. This record serves as the minimum elongation and illumination fraction values impacting new Moon visibility at Loang Baloq Beach over the last three years. In general, the greater the elongation, the larger the illumination fraction, indicating that as the Sun’s distance from the Moon increases, the visibility of the illuminated portion of the Moon also increases.
Co-Authors Mazratul Aini mazra