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Zakaria Siregar
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Peak expiratory flow rate of primary school children in high and low air pollution level areas Ismart Edy Hasibuan; M Nur Supriatmo; A Faisal; Gabriel Panggabean; Ridwan M Daulay; Zakaria Siregar; Helmi M Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 1 (2003): January 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (271.248 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.1.2003.10-13

Abstract

Background Chronic inhalation of air pollutants may causebronchoconstriction, bronchiolitis, and edema of airway, thus alterlung volume. To measure the lung volume, a simple lung functiontest, the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), can provide a feature oflung volume in liters/minute.Objective The purpose of this study was to measure PEFR val-ues of primary school children in a high air pollution level area(Medan) and compare the results with the PEFR values of those ina low air pollution level area (Tebing Tinggi).Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on primary schoolchildren (10-12 years of age) during May-July 2000 in Medan andTebing Tinggi. Data were obtained by questionnaires. Physical ex-amination included age, sex, height, weight, and PEFR value. PEFRvalues were measured by Mini Wright peak expiratory flow meter(MPFM) from three blows. The highest volume was taken as thePEFR value. Statistical analysis was done by t-test and p<0.05was considered significant.Results There were 212 primary school children eligible for thisstudy; 107 came from the high air pollution level area and 105from the low air pollution level area. The PEFR values did not dif-fer significantly between the two groups (p>0.05)Conclusion PEFR values in a high air population level area werenot statistically different compared with those in low air pollutionlevel area
Pattern of newborn babies delivered by cesarean section Guslihan D Tjipta; Riza I Nasution; Dachrul Aldy; Zakaria Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 1 (2003): January 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (275.151 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.1.2003.20-3

Abstract

Background The birth rate in Indonesia is still high and abnormallabor constitutes 15% of all deliveries which needs cesarean sec-tion as a solution for complicated cases.Objectives To find the general physical condition of babies bornafter cesarean section as well as the characteristics of motherswho underwent cesarean section.Methods A retrospective study on newborn babies delivered bycesarean section conducted in Subdivision of Neonatology, Medi-cal School, University of North Sumatera-Pirngadi Hospital Medan,in period of 2 years (1991-1992).Results There were 8762 babies born during the study period,1484 babies (16.93%) delivered by cesarean section due to pla-centa previa (26.2%), prolonged labor (15.8%), cephalopelvic dis-proportion (10.3%), neglected labor (9.9%), eclampsia/preeclamp-sia (8.1%), fetal distress (7.5%), previous section (6.6%), breechpresentation (5.7%), solutio placenta (4.0%), and others (5.9%). Itwas shown that mothers undergoing caesarean section was mainly20-30 years old (66.4%), multigravida (47.8%), term gestationalage (79.4%), and minimal antenatal care (61.3%). There were 1224(82.5%) babies with birth weight >2500 grams and 894 (60.2%)suffered from asphyxia.Conclusions The evidence of asphyxia by cesarean section andlow birth weight group was significantly different from those nor-mally delivered (p<0.001). The mortality rate was 11.5% due tostill birth 29.2%, RDS 18.3%, sepsis 15.5%, pneumonia 12.3%,and gastroenteritis 11.5%
Tuberculin Test on Infants and Children Who Had Been Given BCG Vaccination During Neonatal Period Fauzah Fauzah; Riza I. Nasution; Ansarudin Nasution; Ridwan M. Daulay; Helmi M. Lubis; Zakaria Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 7-8 (1996): July - August 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.602 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi36.7-8.1996.160-8

Abstract

On one hundred and seven children 3 months to 5 years old who had received BCG vaccination during neonatal period were reviewed with tuberculin test. This study were conducted at the children's and maternity Hospital Sri Ratu Medan for 4 months. They comprised 61 males and 46 females with moderate to well nou­rished. Tuberculin test was seen at 72 hours after the injection. Tuberculin test was said positive if the induration was >5 mm was found. Positive tuberculin test were found on 58 children (54.2%), out of which 49 children (84.5%) were <1 year old and 9 children (15.5%) were 1 year old. Significant difference was found in positive tuber­culin test between child group of <1 year old compared to those of >1 year old (p <0.001). Diameter of induration was between 0-10 mm. Most of the children (51 = 47.7%) were having diameter of 5-9 mm. Median diameter of induration of tuberculin test was significant difference between child group of <1 year with those of >1-2 years, >2-3 years, >3-4 years and >4-5 years old respectively (p<0.01). BCG scar did not show significant relationship with tuberculin test result and age.
Co-Authors A Faisal Ansarudin Nasution Dachrul Aldy Fauzah Fauzah Gabriel Panggabean Guslihan D Tjipta Helmi M Lubis Helmi M. Lubis Ismart Edy Hasibuan M Nur Supriatmo Ridwan M Daulay Ridwan M. Daulay Riza I Nasution Riza I. Nasution