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Endy P Prawirohartono
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Macro- and micronutrient intakes among severely malnourished under-five children during the economic crisis in Yogyakarta Endy P Prawirohartono; Atiek Werdiningsih
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 5 (2003): September 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (330.81 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.5.2003.186-91

Abstract

Objective To evaluate macro and micronutrient intakes amongunder five-year children with severe malnutrition during the periodof economic crisis.Methods We conducted a longitudinal study from August untilNovember 2000 in Bantul and Sleman districts, Yogyakarta Spe-cial Territory of Indonesia. Two-weekly home visits were performedto collect data about food intakes.Results Of 46 children, 26 experienced an improvement in nutri-tional status, whereas 20 children did not. The median intakes ofmacro and 8micronutrients were lower than the RecommendedDaily Allowances (RDA), ranged from 22% (vitamin C) to 69%(phosphorus), except for vitamin A (406%). The median intakes ofprotein, vitamin A, thiamin, vitamin C, calcium, iron and phospho-rus were higher in severely malnourished children who experiencedimprovement in nutritional status compared to children who didnot, and in breastfed compared to non-breastfed, but Mann WhitneyU-test was not able to detect significant differences (p>0.05). Strati-fication using age group showed that calories and thiamin intakesof older children (348 months) were lower than those of youngerchildren (Kruskal Wallis tests p = 0.016 and 0.022 respectively).Conclusions The macro and micronutrients intakes of severelymalnourished under five-year children were lower than RDA, ex-cept for vitamin A. There were differences in nutrient intakes ac-cording to the improvement in nutritional status and age group
Parents’ perceptions of food intolerance among under-five children in Gianyar Bali Endy P Prawirohartono; Ni Made Yuni Gumala
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 6 (2003): November 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (267.643 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.6.2003.226-9

Abstract

Objective To estimate the proportion of food intolerance in chil-dren based on parents’ perception and to analyze factors associ-ated with food elimination.Methods A cross-sectional study was done among 250 mothersof under-five children in Gianyar District, Bali. Mothers were inter-viewed with a questionnaire concerning basic characteristics ofthe children, the family, a list of allergic diseases, disturbance afteringesting certain foods, food avoidance, the reason for eliminatingcertain foods, the person who gave advice, and probable parentalhistory of allergic diseases.Results Fifty-three children (21.2%) were suspected to have ‘prob-able allergic diseases’ and six (2.4%) had ‘probable food intoler-ance’. Food elimination was practiced in 27 (10.8%) families. ‘Prob-able allergic parents’ was found in 49 (19.6%) families. There wasa significant difference in child allergy in proportion to parentalallergy (x 2 test p<0.0001). Food elimination was not associatedwith parental allergies, children’s allergies or children’s ages (x 2test p=0.36, 0.47, and 0.56), but seemed to be related to loweducational status of mothers (x 2 test p<0.0001) and fathers(Fisher’s exact tests p< 0.0001).Conclusions The proportion of children with ‘probable allergic dis-eases’ was higher in families with ‘probable allergic parents’. Theproportion of food elimination was greater than the prevalence of‘probable food intolerance’. Low educational status of parentsplayed an important role in this discrepancy of food elimination inchildren
Co-Authors Atiek Werdiningsih Ni Made Yuni Gumala