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Iskandar Z. Lubis
Department of Child Health, University of Sumatera Utara Medical School/H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Comparing sleep disorders in urban and suburban adolescents Nur'aini Nur'aini; Sri Sofyani; Supriatmo Supriatmo; Iskandar Z. Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 5 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.5.2014.299-304

Abstract

Background Sleep disturbances commonly occur in adolescents. Socioeconomic levels, lifestyle, and urban or suburban environments influence the sleep patterns of adolescents. The modernization process in urban environments is marked by the development of information technology media, and the lack of parental monitoring potentially influencing adolescent sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances may affect children's physical growth, as well as their emotional, cognitive, and social development.Objective To assess for sleep disorders in urban and suburban adolescents, and to determine the factors that influence the prevalence of sleep disturbances.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 12 to 15-year-old junior high school students in urban (n=350) and suburban (n=350) environments in the city of Medan, North Sumatera. The study was undertaken from May to June 2010 using the Sleep Disorders Scale for Children (SDSC), a set of questionnaires. The SDSC was filled out by parents based on what they remembered about their children's sleep patterns in the prior 6 months.Results In the urban group, there were 133 (38.0%) subjects with sleep disturbances, 182 (52.0%) were borderline, and 35 (10.0%) were normal. In the suburban group, there were 132 (37.7%) subjects with sleep disturbances, 180 (51.4%) were borderline, and 38 (10.9%) were normal. The most influential factors for sleep disturbances in urban and suburban youth were environmental noise (P=0.001) and consuming beverages that contain caffeine (P=0.001). There were three types of sleep disorders that significantly found more in urban adolescents: disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep, disorders of excessive somnolence, and sleep hyperhidrosis.Conclusion The prevalence of sleep disturbances do not differ between urban and suburban adolescents. Howevet; there are significant differences in the types of sleep disorders experienced. The most influential factors on sleep disturbance in both areas are environmental noise and consuming beverages that contain caffeine.  
Nutritional status and hemoglobin level in elementary schoolchildren Marlina Jumrakh; Iskandar Z. Lubis; Noval Azis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (160.118 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi41.6.2001.296-8

Abstract

A study was conducted in 1999 to determine nutritional status and hemoglobin level and their correlation among students in two primary schools in at Binjai, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Nutritional status was measured based on weight for age (W/A), height for age (H/A) and weight for height (W/H) according to NCHS criteria. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level of less than 12 g/dl as measured with cyanmethemoglobin. Ninety-six children were available for analysis. We found that based on W/A, H/A and W/H, there were 23 (23%), 16 (17%), 11 (12%) of children suffered from protein energy malnutrition (PEM), respectively. There were 48 (50%) children with anemia. Children with PEM and anemia were 13 (59%), 9 (56%) and 9 (82%) respectively. In conclusion we found that not all of new students in those primary schools were healthy. There was correlation between anemia and PEM based on W/H measurement, but not when compared to W/A and H/A criteria.
Characteristic of immune response of hepatitis B immunization on infants with two different schedules Edy Muhammad; Rita Carmelia; Yuliati Yuliati; Iskandar Z. Lubis; S. M. Manoeroeng
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 7-8 (2001): July 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi41.4.2001.197-201

Abstract

Hepatitis B immunization gives protection to hepatitis B disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the immune response of hepatitis B immunization on infants with 0,2,9 and 3,4,9 months of age schedule. The study was performed cross sectionally at the Child Health clinic of Social Pediatric sub division H. Adam Malik Hospital from November 1st 1998 until February 28th 1999. The anti HBs responses were examined in blood by ELISA method one month after the third immunization at the Clinical Pathology Division FK-USU/H. Adam Malik Hospital. Protective immune response defined if the anti HBs level ³ 10 mIU/ml. Nutritional status of infants were grouped according to the NCHS classification. The result obtained were statistically tested by Fisher exact test and t-test, on the level of significance p < 0.05. Twenty six (86.7%) of the infants had protective immune response and there were no significant difference on the level of immune response among these two groups. Gender and nutritional status seems to have no influence on the anti HBs level. In Conclusion, hepatitis B immunization either with 0,2,9 or 3,4,9 months of age schedule obtained the same immune response.
Co-Authors Edy Muhammad Marlina Jumrakh Noval Azis Nur'aini Nur'aini Rita Carmelia S. M. Manoeroeng Sri Sofyani Supriatmo Supriatmo Yuliati Yuliati