Panji Syofiadisna
Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

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MAKNA TIGA IKON GAJAH DI DALAM GEREJA SAINT PIERRE AULNAY PRANCIS Panji Syofiadisna
KALPATARU Vol. 29 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v29i1.739

Abstract

Abstract. Saint Pierre Aulnay Church is a Romanic-style church (Romanesque) that was built in the 12th century and is located in the Aquitaine Region, France. In this church, there are three elephant icons in the capital columns section. At the top of the icon, there is also an inscription in Roman that reads "HI SVNT ELEPHANTES" which means "this is an elephant-elephant". This unique sentence and elephant icon is not found in other Romanic-style churches in France. Elephants are not native to Europe, but elephant icons are produced in European (French) churches. During Medieval, some churches were found to have icons of animals or mythological creatures that were placed in several parts of the church. The icons of the animals are connected with the character of Jesus and are called bestiaries. The problem that will be answered in this research is what is the meaning contained in the elephant icon with the words "HI SVNT ELEPHANTES". The review in this study is the history of iconography and emphasizes the themes, concepts, styles, and meanings of icons. The theory used to analyze the problem put forward is the iconography and iconology of Erwin Panofsky. The results of this interpretation will be compared with the meaning of elephants in the archipelago at the same time. Keywords: Bestiary, Church of Saint Pierre Aulnay, Elephant Icon, Medieval, French, Physiologus, Jesus Abstrak. Gereja Saint Pierre Aulnay adalah gereja bergaya Romanik (Romanesque) yang dibangun pada abad ke-12 dan terletak di Region Aquitaine, Prancis. Di dalam gereja ini terdapat tiga ikon gajah pada bagian capital columns. Pada bagian atas ikon terdapat pula inskripsi dalam bahasa Romawi yang bertuliskan “HI SVNT ELEPHANTES” yang artinya “ini adalah gajah-gajah”. Uniknya kalimat dan ikon gajah ini tidak ditemukan pada gereja bergaya Romanik lain di Prancis. Gajah bukan hewan asli Eropa namun ikon gajah diproduksi di gereja Eropa (Prancis). Pada masa Medieval memang didapati sejumlah gereja memiliki ikon-ikon hewan atau makhluk mitologi yang ditempatkan pada beberapa bagian gereja. Ikon dari hewan-hewan itu terhubung dengan karakter Yesus dan dinamakan bestiary. Masalah yang akan dijawab pada penelitian ini yaitu apa makna yang terkandung pada ikon gajah dengan tulisan “HI SVNT ELEPHANTES”. Tinjauan dalam penelitian ini bersifat sejarah ikonografi dan ditekankan pada tema, konsep, gaya, serta makna dari ikon. Teori yang dipakai untuk menganalisis masalah yang dikemukakan adalah ikonografi dan ikonologi dari Erwin Panofsky. Hasil dari pemaknaan ini akan dibandingkan dengan makna gajah di nusantara pada masa yang sama. Kata kunci: Bestiary, Gereja Saint Pierre Aulnay, Ikon Gajah, Medieval, Physiologus, Yesus
Alternatif model pemanfaatan berkelanjutan tinggalan budaya bawah air di Indonesia Alqiz Lukman; Panji Syofiadisna; Shinatria Adhityatama; nfn. Harriyadi; Dewangga Eka Mahardian; Erni Trisnawati
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 41 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (390.825 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v41i2.735

Abstract

Indonesia’s abundant underwater cultural heritage is potential resource for the pride of national identity, as well as the socio-economic growth. However, current utilization of such resource is still merely limited to exploitable commodities with no consideration to its sustainability. This article aims to identify problems in the regulatory aspect of the utilization of underwater cultural heritage in Indonesia and to propose an alternative utilization model to respond the identified problems. Data collection for this study includes structured interview and literature study. Interviewees are selected people from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and Association of Indonesian Archaeologist.  The results of qualitative analysis on the interview show overlapping implementation of four regulations regarding underwater cultural heritage. This article proposes a utilization concept adopted from the ecosystem restoration concession model as an alternative for sustainable utilization of underwater cultural heritage. Keywords: Underwater cultural heritage; heritage management; BMKT; Underwater archaeology; shipwreck.
KAJIAN IKONOGRAFI DAN IKONOLOGI TERHADAP TIGA IKON GAJAH DI DALAM GEREJA SAINT PIERRE AULNAY PRANCIS PADA ABAD KE-12 Panji Syofiadisna
KALPATARU Vol. 29 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Saint Pierre Aulnay Church is a Romanic-style church (Romanesque) that was built in the 12th century and is located in the Aquitaine Region, France. In this church, there are three elephant icons in the capital columns section. At the top of the icon, there is also an inscription in Roman that reads "HI SVNT ELEPHANTES" which means "this is an elephant-elephant". This unique sentence and elephant icon is not found in other Romanic-style churches in France. Elephants are not native to Europe, but elephant icons are produced in European (French) churches. During Medieval, some churches were found to have icons of animals or mythological creatures that were placed in several parts of the church. The icons of the animals are connected with the character of Jesus and are called bestiaries. The problem that will be answered in this research is what is the meaning contained in the elephant icon with the words "HI SVNT ELEPHANTES". The review in this study is the history of iconography and emphasizes the themes, concepts, styles, and meanings of icons. The theory used to analyze the problem put forward is the iconography and iconology of Erwin Panofsky. The results of this interpretation will be compared with the meaning of elephants in the archipelago at the same time. Gereja Saint Pierre Aulnay adalah gereja bergaya Romanik (Romanesque) yang dibangun pada abad ke-12 dan terletak di Region Aquitaine, Prancis. Di dalam gereja ini terdapat tiga ikon gajah pada bagian capital columns. Pada bagian atas ikon terdapat pula inskripsi dalam bahasa Romawi yang bertuliskan “HI SVNT ELEPHANTES” yang artinya “ini adalah gajah-gajah”. Uniknya kalimat dan ikon gajah ini tidak ditemukan pada gereja bergaya Romanik lain di Prancis. Gajah bukan hewan asli Eropa namun ikon gajah diproduksi di gereja Eropa (Prancis). Pada masa Medieval memang didapati sejumlah gereja memiliki ikon-ikon hewan atau makhluk mitologi yang ditempatkan pada beberapa bagian gereja. Ikon dari hewan-hewan itu terhubung dengan karakter Yesus dan dinamakan bestiary. Masalah yang akan dijawab pada penelitian ini yaitu apa makna yang terkandung pada ikon gajah dengan tulisan “HI SVNT ELEPHANTES”. Tinjauan dalam penelitian ini bersifat sejarah ikonografi dan ditekankan pada tema, konsep, gaya, serta makna dari ikon. Teori yang dipakai untuk menganalisis masalah yang dikemukakan adalah ikonografi dan ikonologi dari Erwin Panofsky. Hasil dari pemaknaan ini akan dibandingkan dengan makna gajah di nusantara pada masa yang sama.