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All Journal AICLL: ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Ida Baizura Bahar
Department of English, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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ALTERNATIVE AND NON-OBJECTIVE MUSLIM MALAY WORLDVIEWS IN DINA ZAMAN’S “KING OF THE SEA”: THROUGH THE LENS OF MAGICAL REALISM Ida Baizura Bahar; Nor Kamal Nor Hashim
AICLL: ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Vol 1, No 1: AICLL April 2018
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (636.56 KB) | DOI: 10.30743/aicll.v1i1.1

Abstract

Literary reviews on King of the Sea (2012), a collection of nine short stories, by the Malaysian author Dina Zaman (b. 1969), have highlighted the theme of the supernatural through issues on the diversity of the Muslim Malay way of life. The text is a fictional narrative on the Muslim Malay beliefs and practices in the phenomenon of supernatural existence and how the influence of beliefs in the supernatural is inherent in the Malay culture. While literary critics agree that the stories are weaved with aspects of the magical to make it more culturally acceptable as a social reality, Bradley (2012: 206), however, contests this view by describing it as Dina’s transient and elusive attempt at magical realism although he concedes that there exist some vague impressions of it. Here, magical realism is understood to be fantastical elements which are miraculous, yet seen as ordinary, and ordinary as miraculous where the reality is not abandoned but is extended. Focussing on Dina’s depictions of supernatural beliefs among the Muslim Malay characters, this paper aims to discover how the alternative and non-objective Muslim Malay worldviews are demonstrated by the author in King of the Sea using the understanding of magical realism as conceptualised by Maggie Ann Bowers (2004). The findings show that Dina depicts the alternative and non-objective Muslim Malay worldviews of the Muslim Malay characters as grounded in their beliefs in the local Malay superstitions, myths and legends reflected through literary elements which are indeed characteristics of magical realism.
ETHNIC RELATIONS AND ETHNOCENTRISM IN SELECTED MALAYSIAN SHORT STORIES Ahmad Zufrie Abd Rahman; Ida Baizura Bahar
AICLL: ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Vol 1, No 1: AICLL April 2018
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (541.995 KB) | DOI: 10.30743/aicll.v1i1.2

Abstract

The issues of the ethnic diversity of the Malaysian way of life, have been explored in scholarship on Fernando’s selection of Malaysian Short Stories (2006), consisting of six fictional narratives on life in pre-independence Malaya namely “Nannan and A Certain Cry” by Cynthia Anthony, “Ratnamuni” by K.S. Maniam, “Pasang” by Pretam Kaur, “The Third Child” by K.S. Maniam, and “Birthday” by M. Shanmugalingam, through the lens of post-colonialism. The stories have been described as an exceptional compilation due to the fact that Fernando is able to assemble stories written by authors from different ethnic backgrounds and cultures other than their own but we argue in this paper that the short stories do not contain intercultural sensitivity as they depict more ethnocentric orientations. We define ethnocentric experiences here as interculturally-sensitive elements which trigger a series of complex emotions in avoiding cultural differences either by denying their existence, raising defences against them, or by minimising their importance. Using the understanding of ethnocentrism as conceptualised by Milton J. Bennet (2013) as part of his Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity, we attempt to examine the type of ethnocentric experiences depicted by the authors through selected characters in two out of the six short stories. Our findings demonstrate that the three types of ethnocentric experiences, denial, defense and minimisation of cultural differences, are indeed found embedded in the unconscious minds of the authors through their portrayals of selected characters, which in turn provide a platform of cultural fertilisation in Malaysian pluralistic society.  
Co-Authors Ahmad Zufrie Abd Rahman Nor Kamal Nor Hashim