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IDENTIFIKASI KARAKTER MORFOLOGI NEMATODA SISTA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Heterodera zeae) DI INDONESIA Yuliantoro Baliadi
JURNAL PENELITIAN BIOLOGI BERKALA PENELITIAN HAYATI Vol 14 No 1 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : The East Java Biological Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23869/292

Abstract

Identification of nematode species is the first step in the resolution of major nematological problems. Accurate identification of maize cyst nematode species is essential for more detailed research, particularly for it control measure. Although morphological observations by using the key characters of each nematode are suitable for identification purposes, the cyst nematodes could not be clearly identified based on it due to the wide variations. For the identification of the cyst nematode species, key characters relating to body surface, head, mouth, esophagus, tail as well as habitat and feeding habits was used in the present examination. Procedures for the permanent and temporary preparations of nematodes were used. The nematode specimens were observed under the microscope to confirm the key characters. Results of measurements and descriptions revealed that the cyst nematode collected from maize roots in Madura island have the same ambifenestrate as that of Heterodera zeae. The underbridge is short and thin and there is two layer of bullae arrangement in vulval cone, the first layer with four finger-like bullae located immediately below the underbridge and the second layer very randomly located below the first one. These characteristics are of H. zeae. These complete of morphological identifications are a new report of H. zeae in Indonesia.
DEVELOPMENT AND PATHOGENICITY OF INFECTIVE JUVENILES ORIGINATING VIA ENDOTOKIA MATRICIDA IN AXENIC STEINERNEMATID NEMATODES Yuliantoro Baliadi
JURNAL PENELITIAN BIOLOGI BERKALA PENELITIAN HAYATI Vol 14 No 1 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : The East Java Biological Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23869/293

Abstract

Development and insecticidal activity of axenic infective juveniles (IJs) originating from endotokia matricida in maternal bodies of Steinernema glaseri and S. carpocapsae were investigated with a comparison to IJs developed in monoxenic culture. In comparison with the monoxenic steinernematids, the axenic ones grew slower and produced fewer IJs when they were cultured in a sterile chicken liver extract medium supplement with an autoclaved nematode infected Galleria mellonella larva. The phenomena of endotokia matricida, an intra-uterine development of hatched juvenile, occurred in an axenic culture as did the monoxenic ones. Although it occurred faster in monoxenic culture, the ratio of females bearing endotokia matricida was more numerous in axenic ones. These axenic females also produced IJs through the endotokia matricida phenomenon. Compared to the normal IJs develop in monoxenic culture, the IJs originated via endotokia matricida of axenic nematodes showed lower insecticidal activity and it could not reproduce in G. mellonella cadaver.