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Professional Zakat in Modern Society Life: Provisions Regarding Intellectual Property Objects, Nisab, and Zakat Level Shabarullah Shabarullah; Fitria Andriani; Muhammad Sufyan Naim bin Shahrinizam
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 55, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v55i2.733

Abstract

Abstract: In the modern era, scholars have determined some of wealth that must be issued zakat beyond what has been stipulated in the text of the Al-Qur'an and as-Sunnah, and one of them is intellectual property. This article examines the opinions and arguments of the scholars regarding the inclusion of intellectual property rights as objects of zakat and both the nisab and zakat levels. This article is based on library data, both primary and secondary. Using a normative and historical approach and by utilizing modern zakat theory, this article concludes that intellectual property is part of wealth, which has both, benefits and economic value. Based on this fact, intellectual property is part of the object of zakat, namely the object of profession zakat. This is based on the general meaning of lafadz infaq in QS. al-Baqarah [2]: verse 267; the generality of the meaning of "wealth" (al-māl) for which zakat is obligatory in QS. at-Taubah [9]: 103, and also the practice of Muslim society in the past. In addition, this article also concludes that the calculation of the nisab for intellectual property is the same as the nisab for agricultural products. In the Indonesian context, it is equivalent to 653 kg of grain. While the level of zakat is the same as the level of gold zakat, which is 2.5%. Thus, this article at the same time proves that Islamic law, especially the teachings on zakat, is not static, but changes and develops according to the dynamics and development of human life.Abstrak: Di era modern, para ulama menetapkan sejumlah harta kekayaan yang wajib dikeluarkan zakatnya di luar apa yang telah ditetapkan dalam nash Al-Qur’an dan as-Sunnah, dan salah satunya adalah kekayaan intelektual. Artikel ini mengkaji pendapat dan argumen para ulama mengenai dimasukkannya hak kekayaan intelektual sebagai objek zakat dan sekaligus penentuan nisab dan kadar zakatnya. Artikel ini didasarkan pada data-data kepustakaan, baik yang bersifat primer maupun sekunder. Menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan historis dan dengan memanfaatkan teori zakat modern, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa kekayaan intelektual merupakan bagian dari harta kekayaan, yang memiliki manfaat dan nilai ekonomi sekaligus. Atas dasar kenyataan itulah maka kekayaan intelektual merupakan bagian dari objek zakat, yakni objek zakat profesi. Hal ini didasarkan pada keumuman makna lafadz infaq dalam QS. al-Baqarah [2]: ayat 267; keumuman makna “harta kekayaan” (al-māl) yang wajib dikeluarkan zakatnya dalam QS. at-Taubah [9]: 103, dan juga praktik masyarakat muslim di masa lampau. Selain itu, artikel ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa penghitungan nisab atas kekayaan intelektual adalah sama dengan nisab dari hasil pertanian. Dalam konteks Indonesia, ia sepadan dengan 653 kg gabah. Sedangkan kadar zakatnya adalah sama dengan kadar zakat emas, yakni 2.5%. Dengan demikian, artikel ini sekaligus membuktikan bahwa hukum Islam, khususnya ajaran tentang zakat, tidaklah bersifat statis, tetapi berubah dan berkembang menyesuaikan dinamika dan perkembangan kehidupun manusia.Keywords: Professional zakat; intellectual property rights; objects of Zakat; nisab; zakat level
Efektivitas Bimbingan Pranikah dalam Menegakkan Maqashid Nikah: Studi di KUA Kecamatan Kute Panang Noprian Ramadhan; Bukhari Ali; Shabarullah Shabarullah
AHKAM Vol 5 No 1 (2026): MARET
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v5i1.8885

Abstract

The growing potential for marital disharmony arising from low levels of readiness among prospective spouses—mentally, spiritually, and in terms of religious understanding—before entering married life underscores the importance of strengthening premarital counseling at the Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA, Office of Religious Affairs) as an effort to uphold maqāṣid nikah in building a sakinah family. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of premarital counseling at the KUA of Kute Panang Subdistrict, Aceh Tengah Regency, in realizing maqāṣid nikah as the foundation for a sakinah family. A qualitative approach with field research methods was employed, using in-depth interviews with a marriage registrar (penghulu), religious counselors (penyuluh agama), and three married couples who had participated in premarital counseling. The findings show that the implementation of premarital counseling at the KUA of Kute Panang Subdistrict is effective, as indicated by the appropriateness of the content, the use of lectures and interactive discussions, and its orientation toward instilling Islamic values, spousal responsibilities, and family communication. The impact of premarital counseling is reflected in increased knowledge, attitudes, and religious behavior among prospective spouses, which contributes to the realization of maqāṣid nikah, particularly the protection of religion (ḥifẓ al-dīn), lineage (ḥifẓ al-nasl), and honor (ḥifẓ al-ʿirḍ), thereby fostering families that are sakinah, mawaddah, and raḥmah. Thus, premarital counseling at the KUA of Kute Panang Subdistrict is aligned with maqāṣid al-syarīʿah and reflects the principle of promoting benefit and preventing harm (jalb al-maṣāliḥ wa darʾ al-mafāsid) in the provision of religious services and family guidance.