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Jen Hua Ling
School of Engineering and Technology, University College of Technology Sarawak, Sarawak, MALAYSIA
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

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Properties of Cement Brick with Partial Replacement of Sand and Cement with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Silica Fume Jen Hua Ling; Yong Tat Lim; Wen Kam Leong; Euniza Jusli; How Teck Sia
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1163.48 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.47982

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and silica fume (SF) are the by-products of the oil palm plantation and the ferroalloy smelting industries, respectively. Improper disposal of these materials leads to negative implication to the environment. This study was carried out to investigate the potential application of EFB and SF in cement bricks. EFB fibre and SF replaced up to 25% of sand and cement in the mix, respectively, in several groups of specimens that distinguished the normal, EFB-, SF- and EFB-SF-cement bricks. The specimens were tested for the compressive strength, density and water absorption property. The results reveal that SF, at an optimum amount of 10% cement replacement, increased 10% of the strength of the cement brick. EFB fibre reduced the strength and density but increased water absorption property of the cement brick. For application in the construction industry, SF and EFB fibre contents should be kept within 10% and 20% respectively.
Behaviour of Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Connection with SHS Hidden Corbel Subjected to Monotonic Load Jen Hua Ling; Jee Hock Lim; Ahmad Baharuddin Abd Rahman
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 7 No. 2 (May 2021)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.62930

Abstract

Beam-to-column connection is the most critical part of a precast concrete (PC) that governs the integrity of the entire structure, hence its characteristics need to be determined for safe applications in the construction industry. Therefore, this study developed a beam-to-column connection with square hollow section (SHS) hidden corbel. A full-scale test was conducted on eleven T-subframe specimens with various configurations used to investigate the behaviour of the connection under an incremental static load. It was further evaluated using the beam-line method to determine the moment-rotation response and the mechanical properties. Furthermore, this research analyzed the parametric response, the load resisting mechanism, and the feasibility of the connection for PC structures. Due to extensive usage of steel elements, the PC connection gave a higher ultimate strength than the reinforced concrete (RC). Its moment resistance was largely contributed by the hidden corbel embedded in the beam and column, increasing with the column and beam's embedded length. The grout infill prevented the lateral deformation of the hidden corbel and hence strengthened the connection. Due to the low bending resistance of the steel endplate, the PC connection possessed a low stiffness, which led to a larger rotation deformation than the RC connection, and a low design strength. This could be overcome by modifying the shape of the endplate for a higher second moment of inertia in resisting bending. The PC connection was classified as semi-rigid and partial-strength, and only specimen PC-3 was considered feasible for PC structures.
Co-Authors Ahmad Baharuddin Abd Rahman Euniza Jusli How Teck Sia Jee Hock Lim Wen Kam Leong Yong Tat Lim