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Idral Amri

RIAU UNIVERSITY

Author-ID : 3518912

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles

Produksi Bioetanol Generasi Kedua dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit dengan Variasi Pretreatment H2SO4 dan Waktu Fermentasi Idral Amri; Adrianto Ahmad; Rahmah Nabilah
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Indonesia merupakan negara produsen dan eksportir kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Seiring semakin luasnya lahan perkebunan sawit, maka semakin banyak industri pengolahan sawit yang mengakibatkan jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan juga besar. Indonesia menghasilkan limbah kelapa sawit sebesar 66.750 juta pelepah atau sekitar 300 juta ton/tahun. Dengan melimpahnya pelepah kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif terbaru yaitu bioetanol. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mensintesis bioetanol dari pelepah sawit, menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi H2SO4 pada proses hidrolisis dan menentukan waktu optimum produksi bioetanol dari bahan baku pelepah kelapa dengan metode separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). Tahapan penelitian ini yaitu pretreatment basa menggunakan larutan KOH yang diperoleh dari ekstrak abu Tandan Kosong Sawit, selanjutnya proses pretreatment oksidatif menggunakan larutan H2O2 3%. Kemudian proses hidrolisis dengan variasi H2SO4 yaitu 1,5 M, 2 M, dan 2,5 M selama 3 jam pada suhu 100oC dan dilanjutkan dengan proses fermentasi untuk menghasilkan bioetanol dengan waktu fermentasi yaitu 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam, 96 jam, dan 120 jam . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada proses hidrolisis dihasilkan konsentrasi gula maksimum sebesar 161,98 gr/L. Konsentrasi terbaik H2SO4 pada penelitan ini yaitu 2 M dan waktu fermentasi terbaik 96 jam dengan kadar bioetanol yang diperoleh sebesar 7% atau 55,25 g/L. Kata kunci : bioetanol, fermentasi, hidrolisis, pelepah kelapa sawit, saccharomyces cerevisiae

Pembuatan Briket Kalori Tinggi Menggunakan Limbah Pulp dan Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Cofiring dengan Campuran Limbah Sludge CPO Sebagai Bahan Perekat Michael Tanuwijaya; Idral Amri; Zultiniar
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Indonesia is one of the largest paper producing and exporting countries in the world. Along with the increase in paper production causes an increase in solid waste originating from the reject pulp. The reject pulp has the potential to produce energy because it still contains high cellulose content of around 85.16% which is able to support the provision of usable and environmentally friendly fuel. The purpose of this study was to use of reject pulp as fuel in the form of briquettes by mixing coconut shell charcoal as cofiring and CPO sludge as an adhesive. The beginning of in this research is pretreatment of raw material samples and quality testing such as coconut shells which go through the authoring process using the torefaction process with temperature variations of 275 ° C and 300 ° C which are then mashed and reject the pulp through a washing and drying process in an oven which is then processed. form into briquettes with a variety of composition of reject pulp and coconut shell charcoal cofiring from 80%: 0%, 20%: 60%, 30%: 50%, 50%: 30%, 60%: 20%, and 0%: 80% , for adhesive 20% while 90%: 0%, 30%: 60%, 40%: 50%, 50%: 40%, 60%: 30%, 70%: 20% and 90%: 0% for adhesive 10 % of the total briquette weight which is ± 2 grams. The briquettes that have been form must qualified to the quality standards of SNI for wood charcoal (No.1 / 6235/2000) where after being tested only a few compositions have qualified the standards, for the reject pulp composition and coconut shell charcoal cofiring from 0:90, 30:60 40:50 with an adhesive composition of 10% and a composition of 0:80, 20:60, 30:50 with an adhesive composition of 20%, with the highest calorific value of 5274 cal/g, moisture content of 5.37%, and ash content of 2.65%.

DESAIN REAKTOR TRANSESTERIFIKASI PADA PRAPERANCANGAN PABRIK METIL ESTER DARI CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) Idral Amri; Tifanny Frimacia
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Along with the development of the era, the need for fuel oil is increasing. The development of research and the use of diesel motors in industry will not stop just because of the depletion of fossil fuels. The search for alternative fuels as a substitute for diesel continues to be carried out in addition to dealing with the problems of the global energy and environmental crisis as well as helping to develop automotive technology as a work of human culture. Methyl ester is a biofuel that can be used to power diesel engines. The availability of fuel oil derived from petroleum is running low and the price is increasing so that alternative fuel sources are needed. One of the substitutes for conventional fuels from petroleum is vegetable oil. Methyl ester is produced using a transesterification reaction by changing the triglycerides which are reacted with one of the alcohol compounds, namely methanol to become methyl ester, and a production capacity of 250,000 tons / year is obtained. The main design tool is the CSTR (Continuous Flow Stirred-Tank Reactor) reactor which is used as a place for the transesterification reaction between triglycerides and methanol to produce methyl ester (main product) and glycerol (by-product). The operating temperature used is 333.15K. Based on the calculation results, the reactor volume is 57.28 m3, the reactor diameter (OD) is 168 in m with torispherical flanged and dished head and skirt support.

Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Minyak Sawit Menggunakan Reaktor Listrik Plat Kolom Secara Kontinu serta dengan Penambahan PAC Dwi Widyaningsih; Idral Amri; Desi Heltina
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Palm oil industrial waste contains various dissolved compounds in the form of short fibers, hemicellulose, and their derivatives, proteins, free organic acids, a mixture of minerals and organic pigments such as anthocyanins, carotenes, polyphenols, lignins and tannins. Organic compounds in this waste will cause problems such as an increase in TSS, COD values which can pollute the environment. The electrocoagulation method has the potential to reduce TSS, TDS, COD content and neutralize pH. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect and optimum conditions of the electrocoagulation process with variations in flow rate, voltage, spacing between plates and the addition of poly aluminum chloride (PAC) coagulants to decrease TSS, COD and pH parameters so that they meet the quality standards of waste in Permen LH. No. 5/2014. The method used is a continuous electrocoagulation process using an aluminum catalyst and the addition of PAC. The variables used in this study were the stress variable (24; 26; 28 V) and the variable flow rate velocity (0.3; 1,2; 2.5 L / min) and the variation of the spacing between the plates (2, 3, 4 cm). The results of this study found that the optimum conditions were obtained at a voltage of 28 volts and a flow rate of 0.3, and a distance between the plates of 2 cm and the addition of 400 ppm PAC with a percentage of TSS removal of 92.093% from 2150 mg / L to 170 mg / L, and a decrease in COD of 85.343% from 1310 mg / L to 192 mg / L. The results obtained show that it is in accordance with the standards of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No.5 of 2014.

Upgrading Karakteristik Biopelet Tandan Kosong Sawit Dengan Penambahan Oil Sludge Sebagai Co-Firing Tengku Mukhlis; Idral Amri; Zuchra Helwani
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Biopelet is one of the alternative fuels converted from biomass. Biomass which has great potential to be converted into biopelet is Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB). Such considerations make researchers interested in conducting a study on the use of EFB as an alternative fuel in the form of biopelets. In this research, we used torefaction and densification processes and the addition of oil sludge as a co-firing to increase the mass and energy density which had been a problem with the nature of EFB. The research procedure started from the raw material preparation stage, the EFB and oil sludge torefaction process and the bioepelet manufacturing stage. For fixed variables, the raw material size (EFB) is ± 15 mm , the raw material ratio is 70:30 (EFB: Oil Sludge), the torefaction temperature is 275 °C, the size of the biopelet diameter is 20 mm (ISO 17225). For 20 mesh particles, the N2 flow rate was 50 ml / minute, for the changing variables were the torefaction detention time of 30, 45 and 60 minutes, the pressing pressure was 30, 40 and 50 bar.The results showed that there was an effect of torefaction detention time which was directly proportional to the increase in proximate characteristics and calorific value of biopelets with the best results of 3.35% moisture content, 8.66% ash content, 9.50% volatile content, 78.49 %, fixed carbon content, and the calorific value of 4597.76 cal / g under the conditions of 60 minutes of torefaction detention time. There is an effect of pressing pressure which is directly proportional to the increase in the mechanical properties of the biopelet with the best results of density 1.148 gr / cm3, compressive strength 16.86 bar, and porosity of biopelet 13.33% under pressure conditions of 50 bar. The effect of adding oil Sludge as co-firing resulted in the calorific value of the biopelet being lower than the calorific value of EFB. This is because the calorific value of oil sludge is lower than the calorific value of EFB.

Pengaruh Jarak Elektroda Dan Kuat Arus Pada Pengolahan Air Gambut Dengan Proses Elektrokoagulasi Secara Kontinu Albi Fadhlah Ramadhan; Idral Amri; Drastinawati Drastinawati
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Peat water is surface water that inundates an area, formed from a pile of organic material for a long time. Peat water can cause skin irritation and metabolic disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of the electrocoagulation method can be used to neutralize pH, and reduce levels of TSS and Fe in peat water treatment and also to determine the effect of changes in electrode spacing and current strength on decreasing TSS and Fe levels and neutralizing the pH of peat water. The parameters tested include pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), and Fe. The electrocoagulation process uses electric power which flows in the direction through the electrodes. Electrocoagulation reactor paired with a cable connected to the power supply and then connected to an electric current with a variation of current strength (1.0; 1.4; and 1.8 A) and electrode distance variations (0.5; 0.75; 1 inch). The results of this study giving the optimum conditions obtained at a strong current of 1.8 A and 0,75 inch electrode distance with an increase in pH from 3.5 to 6.8, a decrease in TSS from 128 to 36 mg / L, a decrease in Fe of 78.9% from 2.405 mg / L to 0.506 mg / L.

Co-Authors Adrianto Ahmad Albi Fadhlah Ramadhan Desi Heltina Drastinawati Drastinawati Dwi Widyaningsih Michael Tanuwijaya Rahmah Nabilah Tengku Mukhlis Tifanny Frimacia Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra Zultiniar

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