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INSTABILITAS TOKOH-TOKOH BISSU DALAM FIKSI FAISAL ODDANG: FENOMENA ZONA INTERTEKSTUALITAS HETEROTOPIA Saharul Hariyono
Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya Vol 48, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Sastra Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2733.025 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um015v48i22020p177

Abstract

INSTABILITY OF BISSU CHARACTERS IN FAISAL ODDANG'S FICTION: THE PHENOMENON OF INTERTEXTUALITY ZONE HETEROTOPIAAbstract: This article describes the phenomenon of instability bissu characters in literary works by Faisal Oddang. The research subjects were the novel Tiba Sebelum Berangkat and short story anthology Sawerigading Datang dari Laut. Both of these works were used as a source of primary data, whereas books or journal articles about bissu was used as a secondary data source. This article utilizes the theory initiated by Brian McHale statement about literary work in the postmodernist zone. If the dominant is the ontological trait rather than epistemological, it raises issues and components of different and encroaches on the historical zone. The analysis was shown from fiction to fiction, such as one written by Oddang about bissu character which was presented in inconsistent and encroaching way. Oddang presented bissu in various characterizations and professions. A bissu was shown in one story to have a libido, to work as a spy for the rebellious act, and that the leader bissu only prioritizes ego. In the other story, however, a bissu was shown to work as bridal makeup artist. Still in another story, bissu was shown to work as a translator for the epic I La Galigo. Inconsistency is also seen at the characters of Isuri and Rahing, whom he often utilized in the storyline. The changes of bissu characters in every literary work showed an ontological instability—a universe called intertextuality zone heterotopia. Therefore, Oddang’s works belong to postmodernism, giving insights to readers that there is a new subject being painted.Keywords: postmodern, ontological, bissu, Faisal Oddang, intertextuality zone heterotopiaINSTABILITAS TOKOH-TOKOH BISSU DALAM FIKSI FAISAL ODDANG: FENOMENA ZONA INTERTEKSTUALITAS HETEROTOPIAAbstrak: Artikel ini mendeskripsikan fenomena instabilitas tokoh-tokoh bissu dalam karya fiksi Faisal Oddang. Subjek penelitian adalah novel Tiba Sebelum Berangkat dan antologi cerpen Sawerigading Datang dari Laut. Kedua karya tersebut digunakan sebagai sumber data primer, sedangkan buku atau jurnal penelitian mengenai bissu digunakan sebagai sumber data sekunder. Artikel ini memanfaatkan teori yang digagas oleh Brian McHale mengenai keberadaan karya fiksi yang dikatakan masuk zona pascamodernis apabila yang dominan adalah sifat ontologis daripada epistemologis. Sifat ontologis mengangkat isu-isu dan komponen-komponen yang berbeda-beda dan melanggar batas zona historis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dari karya fiksi satu ke fiksi lainnya yang sama-sama ditulis Oddang, tokoh bissu dihadirkan secara inkonsisten dan melanggar batas. Oddang menampilkan bissu dengan berbagai penokohan dan profesi. Dalam satu cerita, Bissu ditunjukkan memiliki libido, menjadi mata-mata pemberontakan, dan pemimpin bissu hanya memprioritaskan ego sendiri. Dalam cerita lain, bissu berprofesi sebagai perias pengantin, dalam cerita lainnya lagi bissu bekerja sebagai penerjemah kitab I La Galigo. Selain itu, inkosistensi juga tampak pada tokoh Rahing dan Isuri yang seringkali ia manfaatkan dalam alur cerita. Terjadinya perubahan diri tokoh-tokoh bissu dalam setiap karya fiksi, menunjukkan terjadinya instabilitas ontologis—sebuah kesemestaan yang disebut dengan zona intertekstualitas heterotopia. Oleh karena itu, karya-karya Oddang ini adalah karya pascamodern dengan memberikan pencerahan kepada pembacanya bahwa ada perihal baru yang terlukis.    Kata Kunci: pascamodern, ontologis, bissu, Faisal Oddang, zona intertekstualitas heterotopia Permalink/DOI: dx.doi.org/10.17977/um015v48i22020p177
AKTIVISME ARSIP DALAM KONSEP KEBERAGAMAN DENGAN MENGEDEPAN PERKEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DI INDONESIA Saharul Hariyono; Hilma Nurullina Fitriani
Khazanah: Jurnal Pengembangan Kearsipan Vol 15, No 2 (2022): November 2022
Publisher : Arsip Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/khazanah.74880

Abstract

Archival activism is a concept about archivists' awareness of the social power of archives to create social justice. The writing of this article should describe the application of a concept of archival activism in diversity practices that actively document communities that are traditionally marginalized from historical narratives and complicated by the desire to remain autonomous so that they often lack trust due to exceptions in the past which then come to the fore in the development of education and science in Indonesia. The data were analyzed using archival activism and related to the acceptability of aspirational theory. The data analysis technique is in the form of inductive analysis which starts from the data found to produce conclusions that can be in the form of categorization or propositions. The results of the analysis show that there are closures and marginalizations of community archives analyzed, such as the presence of Prostitute who were initially considered an immoral transformed as one of the revolutions for Indonesian independence; bissu, which is considered a transvestite, turns out to be complex and dignified when compared to gender status in Thailand as described in the epic I La Galigo; Towani Tolotang community, whose condition with bissu was long ago identified as a community forced to choose a religion for population purposes, however in its resistance promoted formal politics not to incorporate elements of religion stipulated by law into their worship practices. Then these three communities showed preventive archives that could be used as a collective memory for education and science, thus placing this document as an archive that was initially inactive but turned into statically active. Thus the public will get information that provides more understanding for accountable interests so that the archive is static secondary.