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KAJIAN ECOCIDE TERHADAP PERTAMBANGAN BATUBARA DALAM KAWASAN HUTAN PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI AIR BENGKULU Arie Elcaputera; Dede Frastien
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol 5, No 1 (2020): Bina Hukum Lingkungan
Publisher : Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2344.123 KB) | DOI: 10.24970/bhl.v5i1.134

Abstract

ABSTRAKKetentuan Pasal 28H UUD NRI Tahun 1945 pada pokoknya menyatakan bahwa setiap orang berhak mendapatkan lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat, sebagai hak atas lingkungan yang wajib dipenuhi oleh negara. Namun, pada kenyataannya hadirnya korporasi pertambangan batubara di Provinsi Bengkulu sejak tahun 1986 menjadi ancaman serius bagi masyarakat dan lingkungan hidup. Dalam Kawasan Hutan Provinsi Bengkulu setidaknya terdapat sembilan korporasi, WIUP batubara tersebut merupakan Daerah Resapan Air yang tidak terpisahkan dari DAS Air Bengkulu. Pemberian Izin Pertambangan batubara yang tidak sesuai dengan Daya Dukung dan Daya Tampung Lingkungan Hidup menjadi penyebab kerusakan dan pemusnahan ekosistem yang berdampak terhadap bencana ekologis banjir dan longsor sepanjang tahun pada landscape hulu, tengah dan hilir DAS Bengkulu. Pemusnahan ekosistem akibat pertambangan ini dapat dikategorikan kedalam kejahatan Ecocide yaitu kejahatan kehancuran atau hilangnya ekosistem suatu wilayah tertentu, baik dilakukan oleh manusia atau penyebab lain, sehingga kenikmatan perdamaian penduduk di wilayah tersebut berkurang.Kata kunci: DAS; ECOCIDE; kawasan hutan.ABSTRACTThe provisions of Article 28H in the Constitution of the Republic Indonesia 1945 basically states that every person has the right to get a Good and Healthy Environment, this is a right to the environment that must be fulfilled by the State. However, in reality the presence of the coal mining corporation in Bengkulu Province since 1986 posed a serious threat to the community and the environment. Within the Bengkulu Province Forest Zone there are at least nine coal mining corporations, the coal mining permit area (WIUP) is a water catchment area (DRA) and an inseparable part of the Air Bengkulu River Basin. The granting of coal mining licenses that are not in accordance with the Environmental Support and Capacity is the cause of ecosystem damage and destruction that impacts on ecological disasters of floods and landslides throughout the year in the upstream, middle and downstream landscapes of the Air Bengkulu River Basin. Ecosystem destruction due to coal mining can be categorized into Ecocide crime, namely the crime of destruction or loss of ecosystem of a certain area, either done by humans or other causes, so that the enjoyment of peace of the population in the region is reduced.Keywords: ECOCIDE; forest are; watershed.
Kedudukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Proses Perubahan Konstitusi : Suatu Pendekatan Perbandingan antara Indonesia dan Chili Arie Elcaputera
University Of Bengkulu Law Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): OCTOBER
Publisher : UNIB Press

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Abstract

Constitutional amendment is a necessity to maintain the relevance of a country's basic law, but the process requires a monitoring mechanism to remain in accordance with democratic principles. The role of the Constitutional Court (MK) as the guardian of the constitution is crucial in ensuring that amendments do not deviate from the basic principles of the state. This research aims to comparatively analyse the role of the Constitutional Court in the constitutional amendment process in Indonesia and Chile from the perspective of constitutional law, as well as assess the relevance of Chile's constitutional experience for Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and comparative law. The results of the study show that in Indonesia, the Constitutional Court does not have the authority to examine changes to the 1945 Constitution so that constitutional amendments are entirely the domain of the People's Consultative Assembly (formalistic approach). In contrast, in Chile, the Constitutional Court plays an active role in overseeing constitutional change with the authority to assess the suitability of amendments to fundamental principles (substantive approach), accompanied by a referendum mechanism to ensure popular participation. This comparison confirms that the involvement of the Constitutional Court in the amendment process can strengthen the principle of checks and balances and safeguard democratic values. In conclusion, the Chilean experience is relevant for Indonesia to consider in strengthening its constitutional system, for example through the adoption of a substance testing mechanism for amendments, a referendum, or an unamendable constitutional clause, in order to ensure a more democratic, transparent, and in line with the interests of the people.