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All Journal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Journal Integration of Management Studies
Isrochmani Murtaqi
School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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THE OPTIMAL CAPITAL STRUCTURE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF INDONESIA COMPANY IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY Sylviana Maya Damayanti; Jane Julia Mulyono; Isrochmani Murtaqi
Ekonomi dan Bisnis Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Ekonomi dan Bisnis
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (804.845 KB) | DOI: 10.35590/jeb.v4i2.738

Abstract

Optimal capital structure is mix between debt and equity which resulted in maximizing firm’s value. Food and beverage sub-sector industry play an important role in Indonesia economic growth as one of the biggest contributor of gross domestic product (GDP) in Non-Oil & Gas Industry. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal capital structure in Indonesia food and beverage manufacturing. Data used in this study from 14 food and beverage companies listed in Indonesia Exchange. This study used Adjusted Present Value (AVP) simulation by Aswath Damodaran to determine the optimal capital structure. This simulation started with estimated the unlevered company value then as the level of debt increase the unlevered company value adjusted by the net effect of both the benefit of debt and cost of debt. Company value estimated at each level of debt from 10% - 90% and the debt ratio which resulted in highest company value is the optimum debt ratio. The result from this study shows that there are two companies should have the 0% debt ratio.
The Green Bonds Issuance Role In Reducing Carbon Emission: Evidence From ASEAN Robert Chowiendo; Yunieta Anny Nainggolan; Isrochmani Murtaqi
Journal Integration of Management Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Integrasi Sains Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58229/jims.v3i1.310

Abstract

The global initiative to reduce carbon emissions has accelerated in line with the Paris Agreement’s target to limit global warming to below 2°C. Yet, transitioning to a low-carbon economy remains financially challenging, with limited funding channels for decarbonization. Green bonds have emerged as a key financing mechanism, mobilizing capital toward clean energy, energy efficiency, and environmentally sustainable projects. This study offers novel empirical evidence on the role of green bonds in mitigating carbon emissions within ASEAN—an economically dynamic yet fossil fuel-dependent region with substantial greenhouse gas outputs. Leveraging panel data from 2019 to 2023 across publicly listed firms in ASEAN countries, this research applies multiple regression analysis to examine the effects of Green Bonds (GB), Firm Size (FS), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on Carbon Emissions (CE). The findings reveal a statistically significant negative relationship between green bond issuance and carbon emissions, indicating that increased green bond financing contributes to emission reductions. Firm size is also found to influence emissions negatively, whereas GDP has no statistically significant impact. The study provides practical insights for policymakers and investors by highlighting the effectiveness of green bonds as a sustainable financing tool in the ASEAN context.
Co-Authors Jane Julia Mulyono Robert Chowiendo Sylviana Maya Damayanti Yunieta Anny Nainggolan, Yunieta Anny