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Impact of sheep stocking density and breed on behaviour of newly regrouped adult rams SEC, Engeldal; ., Subandriyo; E, Handiwirawan; RR, Noor
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Placing animals in cages with certain density and good grouping were two important aspects needed in intensive livestock production system to produce optimal production and animal welfare. The objective of this study was to examine effect of stocking density, breed and elapse of time on behaviour of newly regrouped, unacquainted adult rams from three sheep breeds i.e. Barbados Blackbelly Cross, Local Garut and Composite Garut, as possible factor causing variation in welfare status. Instantaneous scan sampling was used for recording sheep behaviour at three different stocking densities. Thirty-six adult rams were used in this research and divided into three groups (n = 12) on the basis of breed. At each stocking density four rams of the same breed were observed during two consecutive days. The recorded behaviours were agonistic-, self-care-, exploratory-, aberrant-, mating-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The results showed that during the entire experiment agonistic behaviour was observed at the highest frequency. Stocking density was found to have a significant effect on exploratory-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The effect of breed was found to cause significant differences in agonistic-, self-care-, aberrant- and mating behaviour. Significant differences were also found between day 1 and day 2 of regrouping for agonistic-, exploratory, self-care- and mating behaviour. It is concluded that the three breeds do differ in their behavioural reactions to different stocking density levels and time needed for adaptation after regrouping. Key Words: Sheep, Stocking Density, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

Puberty of Katingan cow in realation to Cu mineral and the environtment BN, Utomo; RR, Noor; C, Sumantri; I, Supriatna; ED, Gurnardi
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The onset of puberty is an important role in order to optimize performance of Katingan cattle reproduction. The onset of puberty can be estimated from to blood progesterone concentration. In this study the onset of puberty was estimetid through analysis of progesterone hormone in various age of individual cattle. Thirty blood samples were obtained from 30 Katingan heifers of 13 months and 15 days to 23 months and 18 days old from Tumbang Lahang (10 samples) and Buntut Bali (20 sampels) to be analyzed for progesterone concentrations using RIA method. The same samples were also analyzed to find out information about Copper (Cu) concentration. The results showed that progesterone concentration varied narrowly from 0.008 to 0.184 ng/ml. The result indicated that the Katingan cattle in 23 months old was still in prepuberty category. Environment factor such as land pH was acid (pH<6), grass quality and climate in term of temperature and humidity relatively high, may an important role to delay the oset of their puberty. One of the environment problem was proved by the most of the same samples than had under adequate value of level of Copper. Â Key Words: Katingan Cattle, Progesterone, Puberty, Cu mineral, Environment

Epididymal sperm quality of buffelous with Different Spotted Types Y, Yulnawati; M, Rizal; H, Maheshwari; RR, Noor; C, Sumantri; A, Boediono
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The significant decline of spotted buffalo population nowadays brought this species into an endangered situation. To perform an integrated conservation project, we need some basic information and data related to the reproductive and genetics potency of this buffalo. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of coat color variation to the sperm quality, in order to get focus on specific candidate gene that allegedly bring the causative mutation(s) and responsible for the different pigmentation expression. In this study, we compare the quality of fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm from 12 spotted bulls (that classified in 3 different spotted types, i.e Saleko, Bonga, and Lotong Boko) with five solid bulls. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in all parameters of fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm among those groups. The percentage of frozen-thawed progressive motility from Saleko, Bonga, Lotong Boko, and Solid was 44%, 42%, 40% and 42%, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of livability and membrane integrity of frozen-thawed sperm from each groups were 64.9%; 65.2%; 62.6%; 62.7% and 64.6%; 67.1%; 64.5%; 64.1%. In conclusion, it suggested that the coat color/phenotype difference has no effects on the quality of fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm of spotted buffalo. Key Words: Epididymal Sperm, Spotted Buffalo

Effect of different levels of social isolation on the acoustical characteristics of sheep vocalization SEC, Engeldal; ., Subandriyo; E, Handiwirawan; RR, Noor
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

In farm animals, vocal analysis is accepted as a non-invasive method for assessing animal welfare in comparison to most physiological measurements. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different degrees of social isolation on the acoustic characteristics of stress-induced bleats from three different breeds of sheep. The experiment consisted of subjecting the animals to three different levels of social isolation during which both locomotive and vocal data were recorded. The data on locomotive behaviour was subjected to descriptive analysis while specialized acoustic software was used to measure a total of thirty-six parameters of recorded bleats. Descriptive analysis showed that the animals displayed more locomotive activity during partial isolation compared to complete isolation. Number of bleats during partial isolation was also found to be higher. The application of two-way analysis of variance showed a significant effect of isolation level and breed on both temporal and structural acoustic properties. Amplitude, power and time acoustic properties were found to affect acoustic quality of vocal responses to isolation, whereas frequency related properties were also found to be different significantly (P < 0.05) between breeds. From spectrogram analysis, the patterns of energy distribution within the calls proved to offer the most evident that differ between isolation levels and breeds. It was concluded that acoustic analysis can be helpful in revealing the affective state of socially isolated rams. Key Words: Sheep, Social Isolation, Vocalization, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

Puberty of Katingan cow in realation to Cu mineral and the environtment Utomo BN; Noor RR; Sumantri C; Supriatna I; Gurnardi ED
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 2 (2013): JUNE 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The onset of puberty is an important role in order to optimize performance of Katingan cattle reproduction. The onset of puberty can be estimated from to blood progesterone concentration. In this study the onset of puberty was estimetid through analysis of progesterone hormone in various age of individual cattle. Thirty blood samples were obtained from 30 Katingan heifers of 13 months and 15 days to 23 months and 18 days old from Tumbang Lahang (10 samples) and Buntut Bali (20 sampels) to be analyzed for progesterone concentrations using RIA method. The same samples were also analyzed to find out information about Copper (Cu) concentration. The results showed that progesterone concentration varied narrowly from 0.008 to 0.184 ng/ml. The result indicated that the Katingan cattle in 23 months old was still in prepuberty category. Environment factor such as land pH was acid (pH<6), grass quality and climate in term of temperature and humidity relatively high, may an important role to delay the oset of their puberty. One of the environment problem was proved by the most of the same samples than had under adequate value of level of Copper. Key Words: Katingan Cattle, Progesterone, Puberty, Cu mineral, Environment

Impact of sheep stocking density and breed on behaviour of newly regrouped adult rams Engeldal SEC; Subandriyo .; Handiwirawan E; Noor RR
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Placing animals in cages with certain density and good grouping were two important aspects needed in intensive livestock production system to produce optimal production and animal welfare. The objective of this study was to examine effect of stocking density, breed and elapse of time on behaviour of newly regrouped, unacquainted adult rams from three sheep breeds i.e. Barbados Blackbelly Cross, Local Garut and Composite Garut, as possible factor causing variation in welfare status. Instantaneous scan sampling was used for recording sheep behaviour at three different stocking densities. Thirty-six adult rams were used in this research and divided into three groups (n = 12) on the basis of breed. At each stocking density four rams of the same breed were observed during two consecutive days. The recorded behaviours were agonistic-, self-care-, exploratory-, aberrant-, mating-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The results showed that during the entire experiment agonistic behaviour was observed at the highest frequency. Stocking density was found to have a significant effect on exploratory-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The effect of breed was found to cause significant differences in agonistic-, self-care-, aberrant- and mating behaviour. Significant differences were also found between day 1 and day 2 of regrouping for agonistic-, exploratory, self-care- and mating behaviour. It is concluded that the three breeds do differ in their behavioural reactions to different stocking density levels and time needed for adaptation after regrouping. Key Words: Sheep, Stocking Density, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

Epididymal sperm quality of buffelous with Different Spotted Types Yulnawati Y; Rizal M; Maheshwari H; Noor RR; Sumantri C; Boediono A
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 3 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The significant decline of spotted buffalo population nowadays brought this species into an endangered situation. To perform an integrated conservation project, we need some basic information and data related to the reproductive and genetics potency of this buffalo. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of coat color variation to the sperm quality, in order to get focus on specific candidate gene that allegedly bring the causative mutation(s) and responsible for the different pigmentation expression. In this study, we compare the quality of fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm from 12 spotted bulls (that classified in 3 different spotted types, i.e Saleko, Bonga, and Lotong Boko) with five solid bulls. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in all parameters of fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm among those groups. The percentage of frozen-thawed progressive motility from Saleko, Bonga, Lotong Boko, and Solid was 44%, 42%, 40% and 42%, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of livability and membrane integrity of frozen-thawed sperm from each groups were 64.9%; 65.2%; 62.6%; 62.7% and 64.6%; 67.1%; 64.5%; 64.1%. In conclusion, it suggested that the coat color/phenotype difference has no effects on the quality of fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm of spotted buffalo. Key Words: Epididymal Sperm, Spotted Buffalo

Effect of different levels of social isolation on the acoustical characteristics of sheep vocalization Engeldal SEC; Subandriyo .; Handiwirawan E; Noor RR
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 3 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

In farm animals, vocal analysis is accepted as a non-invasive method for assessing animal welfare in comparison to most physiological measurements. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different degrees of social isolation on the acoustic characteristics of stress-induced bleats from three different breeds of sheep. The experiment consisted of subjecting the animals to three different levels of social isolation during which both locomotive and vocal data were recorded. The data on locomotive behaviour was subjected to descriptive analysis while specialized acoustic software was used to measure a total of thirty-six parameters of recorded bleats. Descriptive analysis showed that the animals displayed more locomotive activity during partial isolation compared to complete isolation. Number of bleats during partial isolation was also found to be higher. The application of two-way analysis of variance showed a significant effect of isolation level and breed on both temporal and structural acoustic properties. Amplitude, power and time acoustic properties were found to affect acoustic quality of vocal responses to isolation, whereas frequency related properties were also found to be different significantly (P < 0.05) between breeds. From spectrogram analysis, the patterns of energy distribution within the calls proved to offer the most evident that differ between isolation levels and breeds. It was concluded that acoustic analysis can be helpful in revealing the affective state of socially isolated rams. Key Words: Sheep, Social Isolation, Vocalization, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

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