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All Journal INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Jurnal Mahasiswa Kreatif
Mawar Silalahi
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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KinetikaReaksi Transesterifikasi pada Pengolahan Limbah Minyak Gorteng Bekas (Waste Vegetable Oil) menjadi Bahan Bakar Biodiesel Mawar Silalahi; Maulin Ariefiyanti Hidayah
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Vol. 5 No. 5 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (757.316 KB) | DOI: 10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v5i5.688

Abstract

Biodiesel sebagai bahan bakar nabati pengganti bahan bakar minyak memiliki fungsi yang sangat penting demi tersedianya pasokan energi jangka panjang, biodiesel dapat dibuat dari limbah minyak goreng bekas. Industri makanansiap saji memproduksi limbah minyak goreng bekas bagi lingkungan, oleh karena itu sebaiknya limbah yang sudah tidak digunakan lagi, dikonversikan menjadi bahan bakar alternatif. Dari hasil test pendahuluan terhadap limbahMinyak goreng bekas restoran siap saji, minyak tersebut mengandung asam lemak bebas diatas 5%. Oleh karena itu dilakukan proses esterifikasi dua tahap, yaitu esterifikasi asam dengan katalis H2SO4 dan esterifikasi basa (transesterifikasi) dengan katalis KOH. Pada tahap esterifikasi dilakukan beberapa variasi penelitian yaitu variasi mol metanol (5.3:1, 6.3:1, 7.3:1, 8.3:1, 9.3:1), variasi suhu (60oC,70oC,80oC), variasi waktu (30’,60’,90’,120’) dan variasi katalis (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%). Dari esterifikasi didapatkan hasil FAME terbaik yaitu pada metanol 9.3 mol sebesar 96.46 %. Kemudian dilakukan analisis transesterifikasi dengan variasi mol metanol (5.3:1, 6.3:1, 7.3:1, 8.3:1) dan variasi waktu (90’ dan 120’). Dari transesterifikasi dapat diketahui bahwa waktu optimum pembentukan biodiesel adapada waktu 90 menit dengan metanol 7.3 mol. Namun jika ditinjau dari sisi ekonomis, FAME sebesar 95.21% diperoleh saat metanol 6.3 mol. Presentase pembentukan FAME tiap satuan waktu juga diamati dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kinetika pembentukan FAME serta penguraian trigliserida yang terjadi. Pada metanol 5.3 mol diperoleh konstanta reaksi sebesar 0.003170506/menit, sedangkan untuk metanol 5.5 mol diperoleh konstanta reaksi sebesar 0.006668549/menit dan untuk metanol 6.3 mol sebesar 0.004073389/menit.Keywords: Waste Vegetable Oil, Esterification, Transesterification, Kinetics.
Bentuk-Bentuk Pembinaan terhadap Lansia di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Anak dan Lanjut Usia di Siborong-Borong Elia Silalahi; Risma Sipahutar; Ria Surbakti; Maya Sianturi; Mawar Silalahi; Amelia Pakpahan; Helma Purba; Sara Nasution; Gomgom Sianipar; Damayanti Nababan
Jurnal Mahasiswa Kreatif Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Januari : Jurnal Mahasiswa Kreatif
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/jmk-widyakarya.v2i1.2176

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to determine the forms of leadership in the elderly. The elderly group is the last stage of maturity in a person's life, which requires some kind of Christian education or church teachings, but not everyone reaches that age, so this age is often called the golden age. Most people think they don't need special education as they get older. What is meant by elderly is a person who has reached the age of 60 years and whose physical strength has weakened to such an extent that they are no longer able to earn a living. their strength or endurance and work are already limited. Spiritual formation for the elderly is very necessary to strengthen the faith of the elderly in their old age, whose physical abilities are increasingly decreasing, causing many problems for the elderly. Therefore, by using qualitative methods and a literary approach it can be concluded that the forms of spiritual education given to the elderly are: visits to nursing homes, counseling, worship/fellowship for the elderly, catechism before death, visits to nursing homes. leading prayer and meditation, involving the elderly in services and helping the elderly when they are sick. That's what coaches really need to give to seniors.
Co-Authors Amelia Pakpahan Elia Silalahi Gomgom Sianipar Helma Purba Maulin Ariefiyanti Hidayah Maya Sianturi Ria Surbakti Risma Sipahutar Sara Nasution