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All Journal Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
I Wayan Koko Suryawan
Pertamina University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Environmental Science Veterinary

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Composting of Banana Leaves and Coconut Leaves Using EM4 Bioactivator Nova Ulhasanah; Ariyanti Sarwono; Michael Yosafaat; Dennis Filippi; I Wayan Koko Suryawan; I Made Wahyu Wijaya
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol 6 No 1 (2022): ATBES
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (169.087 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2022.v06.i01.p02

Abstract

The generation of organic waste is one of the biggest problems in developing countries like Indonesia. Examples of organic waste that can be obtained, such as leaves, include banana leaves and coconut leaves. One way to process waste that can generally be done is by composting. In the composting process, a bioactivator such as EM4 is needed to accelerate the reaction process in the waste. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of EM4 bioactivator in the degradation process of banana leaf and coconut leaf waste. Measurement of processing quality is measured in-situ with parameters of temperature, pH, and humidity. The waste temperature increased above 32oC for the addition of EM4 bioactivator, while without the addition of bioactivator it only increased to 31oC. pH tended to be in normal conditions and was in an acidic state on day 12. Humidity decreased from the beginning of the waste process to the end of the process. The final result of composting quality has met the criteria of SNI 19-7030-2004. There was also a decrease in the C/N content during the process, adjusting to soil conditions. The decrease in the value of C/N on the addition of bioactivator also influences the composting process.
CONTINUOUS PIGGERY WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH ANAEROBIC BAFFLED REACTOR (ABR) BY BIO-ACTIVATOR EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS (EM4) I Wayan Koko Suryawan; Gita Prajati; Anshah Silmi Afifah; Muhammad Rizki Apritama; Yosef Adicita
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Volume 3, Number 1, October 2019
Publisher : Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1056.377 KB) | DOI: 10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v3i1.5095

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency and characteristics of pig wastewater treatment. This was to be achieved using ABR with the addition of effective microorganism4 (EM4) as a bio-activator during the startup process (R1) and without EM4 (R2). Methodology and Results: Piggery wastewater is poured into ABR with 12 hours HRT (hydraulic retention time), though it is reduced to 6 hours after the concentration is stable. The COD removal efficiency at 12 hours HRT was 60% (R1) and 51% (R2). However, the results did not change significantly, since the 6 hours HRT COD efficiency was 57.8% (R1) and 51.3% (R2). The biomass growth rate at R1 is faster than R2 with Food to Microorganism Ratio (F/M) 0.4-0.89 (R1) and 0.68-1.38 (R2) while the yield of methane gas formation was 0.25-0.28 L-CH4/g-COD. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: COD effluent is the total organic material present in the piggery wastewater effluent, which is discharged into water bodies without meeting the set quality standards. This damages the quality of water bodies. The wastewater treatment needs to be prioritized to meet quality standards of COD effluent. Also, the addition of EM4 to the activated sludge reactor improves the COD removal efficiency and biomass growth, though advanced treatment is still needed for piggery wastewater.
Co-Authors Adicita, Yosef Anshah Silmi Afifah Ariyanti Sarwono Dennis Filippi Gita Prajati I Made Wahyu Wijaya Michael Yosafaat Muhammad Rizki Apritama Nova Ulhasanah