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Wawan K Haroen
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Variabilitas Massa Jenis Kayu Daun Lebar Tropis terhadap Karakter Serat, Kimia dan Pulp Sulfat Variability of Wood Specific Gravity of Tropical Hardwoods to the Characteristic of Fibers, Chemicals and Pulp Sulfate Wawan K Haroen
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (211.649 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v4i2.281

Abstract

         The demand for hardwood pulp is rapidly increasing in the world, partly due to the limited availability of softwood and hardwood in developed country of the world and partly due to the technical advantages which short hardwood fibers process for various paper and paperboards. The study was confined to the establishment of appropriate criteria pulpwood from tropical forest.  The evaluation and analysis on the effect of wood specific gravity on the fiber properties, wood chemical properties, and pulp characteristics were conducted using data source from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).The data of wood specific gravity value for the species varied a wide range from 0.30 to 0.98, because of dense nature of wood, high specific gravity species are generally believed to require impregnation and cooking periods. While some among the denser species have high screening reject and high permanganate number (PN) or Kappa number (KN) values. The finding of liquor penetration of chips does not depend wholly on specific gravity but also on the anatomical structure and chemical constituents of wood. As to the other wood and fiber characteristics, strength and physical properties of pulp hand sheet, wood specific gravity a certain relationship to fiber morphology.The results showed that variability of wood specific gravity affected the cell wall thickness, lignin content and pulp sulfate quality. This result of analysis can be used as a preliminary pulping indicator.  
Pulp Termo Mekanis (TMP) dan Kimia Termo Mekanis (CTMP) dari Limbah Batang Kenaf Pulps from TMP and CTMP of Kenaf Stem Residue Wawan K Haroen
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (434.015 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v6i2.247

Abstract

 Pulps from thermo mechanical pulping (TMP) are produced by applying elevated temperatures and physical treatment in the process through mechanical energy.  A study on the TMP and CTMP processes have been conducted on the residue of Kenaf stems wood. The general pulping conditions of CTMP process are impregnated with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and steamed, while TMP are steamed both for 30 minutes at temperature 120ºC, and steam pressure 1.5 atm.  Average of pulp yields are TMP 91.29% and CTMP 86.16% and fractionations of fiber pulp was analyzed by using of Bauer McNett fractionators which fiber contents more than 78% at 200 mesh. Pulp bleaching with Hydrogen Peroxide or peroxide bleaching was carried out in two phase P1 and P2. The pulp brightness pulp in the range 70 ~ 76 % ISO and fulfil the physical strength properties for Newspaper requirements according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI .14.0091 – 1998). The energy consumption of Kenaf stem’s chips refining for TMP process is 4.75 kWh/kg dry chips and for CTMP process 2.7 kWh/kg dry chip. The consumption of energy for CTMP process is 50% lower compared with the energy consumed for the TMP process.
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