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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Journal of Tropical Soils Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
I WAYAN RUSASTRA
Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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KERAGAAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA PENYULUH DI BALAI PENGKAJIAN TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN Sulaiman, Fawzia; Rusastra, I Wayan; Subaidi, Ahmad
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2005): November 2005
Publisher : Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Information of research results is an output and the main asset of the Assessment Institute of AgriculturalTechnology (AIAT). This information of research result needs to be formulated into easily understood information,using the most suitable media before being disseminated to various prospective users. In this respect, professionalswho deal with innovation transfer need to possess adequate knowledge and skills to ensure an efficient and effectiveflow of information from its source to intended audiences. The effort to increase the efficiency and effectiveness ofthe information flow of agricultural research result was the justification to merge the Institute for AgriculturalInformation (IAI) and AIAT. This institutional integration also brought the consequence of the involvement ofextentionists, who were the main professional staff of IAI, into the AIAT working system. After 10 years ofintegration, the increase of efficiency and effectiveness of innovation transfer at AIAT has not resulted as expected.This poor performance of innovation transfer is among others resulted from the unfavourable working condition ofextentionists in fulfilling their role and function within the AIAT working system. The objective of this study was toidentify constraints being faced by AIAT extentionists in fulfilling their role and function at AIAT. Results of thestudy indicated that the capacity of AIAT extentionists was a resultant or a product of existing policies and workingcondition within the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) and AIAT, and at otherrelated agricultural institutions outside the IAARD. In this respect, AIAT extentionists were in agreement with almostall constraints being stated as hypotheses in this study. The AIAT extentionists indicated that their performance was aresultant of internal and external constraints within their working system as follows: (a) professional capacity of AIATextentionists, (b) professional performance of AIAT extentionists, (c) structural problems, (d) working facilities andsupporting administration, (e) external factors. Thus, efforts to increase the performance of AIAT extentionists shouldstart from implementing policies and various activities being needed to alleviate those five constraints mentionedabove.Key words: extentionist, innovation transfer, perceptionInformasi hasil penelitian dan pengkajian merupakan aset intelektual dan keluaran utama dari BPTP (BalaiPengkajian Teknologi Pertanian) yang perlu dikemas ke dalam “bahasa” yang mudah dimengerti sebelumdisampaikan kepada beerbagai khalayak penggunanya. Penyelenggara proses alih teknologi membutuhkanpengetahuan dan keterampilan yang memadai, agar alur teknologi ini dapat mengalir dengan efisien dan efektif darisumbernya kepada berbagai khalayak penggunanya. Hal ini melatarbelakangi pengintegrsian Bali Informasi Pertanianke dalam BPTP, yang juga menbawa konsekuensi masuknya penyuluh, yang merupakan staf fungsional utama di unitkerja eks BIP ke dalam sistem kerja BPTP. Setelah 10 tahun pengintegrasian BIP ke dalam BPTP, ternyatapeningkatan efisiensi dan efektivitas sistem alih inovasi pertanian belum seperti yang diharapkan. Penyebabnya antaralain kurang kondusifnya pelaksanaan tugas pokok dan fungsi penyuluh BPTP. Dengan demikian, perlu adanyaidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi penyuluh BPTP dalam pelaksanaan tugas pokok dan fungsinya. Tujuan pengkajianini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi penyuluh BPTP dalam melaksanakan tugas pokok danfungsinya di BPTP. Hasil kajian mendapatkan bahwa potensi/kapasitas penyuluh BPTP merupakan produk atau luarandari kondisi kerja dan kebijakan yang ada, baik kebijakan internal Badan Penelitian dan PengembanganPertanian/BPTP maupun kebijakan instutusi pertanian terkait di luar Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian.334Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 8, No.3, Nopember 2005 : 333-351Penyuluh mempunyai persepsi setuju dengan hampir semua hipotesis yang merupakan kendala dalam pelaksanaantugas pokok dan fungsinya. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa penyuluh mempunyai persepsi bahwa potensi/kapasitasnya merupakan resultante dari kendala eksternal dan internal di lingkugan kerjanya, yaitu: (a) potensi/kapasitas penyuluh, (b) permasalahan struktural, (c) kinerja fungsional penyuluh, (d) fasilitas kerja dan dukunganadministrasi, dan (e) faktor-faktor eksternal di luar Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian/BPTP. Dengandemikian, upaya peningkatan kinerja penyuluh BPTP perlu didahului dengan implementasi kebijakan dan berbagaikegiatan yang diperlukan dan berkaitan dengan kelima kendala internal dan eksternal tersebut.Kata kunci: penyuluh, alih inovasi, persepsi
Sustainable Dry Land Management Model on Corn Agribusiness System Pujiharti, Yulia; Haridjaja, Oteng; Eriyatno, .; Rusastra, I Wayan
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 13 No. 1: January 2008
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2008.v13i1.67-76

Abstract

The study aimed at building model of dry land management.  Dynamic System Analysis was used to build model and Powersim 2.51 version for simulating.  The parameter used in model were fertilizer (urea, SP-36, ACL), productivity (corn, cassava, mungbean), soil nutrient (N, P, K), crop nutrient requirements (corn, cassava, mungbean, mucuna), price (corn, cassava, mungbeans corn flour, feed, urea, SP-36, KCl), food security credit, area planted of (maize, cassava, mungbean), area harvested of (maize, cassava, mungbean), (corn, cassava, mungbean) production, wages and farmer income.  Sustainable indicator for ecology aspect was soil fertility level, economic aspects were productivity and farmer income, and social aspects were job possibility and traditions.  The simulation result indicated that sustainable dry land management can improve soil fertility and increase farmer revenue, became sustainable farming system and farmer society. On the other hand, conventional dry land management decreased soil fertility and yield, caused farmer earnings to decrease and a farm activity could not be continued.  Fertilizer distribution did not fulfill farmer requirement, which caused fertilizer scarcity.  Food security credit increased fertilizer application.  Corn was processed to corn flour or feed to give value added. 
Payment for Environmental Services Approach to Reduce Flood in Ciliwung Watershed Saridewi, Tri Ratna; Hadi, Setia; Fauzi, Akhmad; Rusastra, I Wayan
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 2 August 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.2.619

Abstract

Spatial planning has already been stipulated in Ciliwung Watershed, but its implementation is often not in line with the rapid development activities. To fulfill space demand, agricultural and forest areas are converted into open or built-up areas because the economic appreciation of forest and agricultural land is lower than that of open or built-up areas. Payment for Environmental Services (PES) is a tool designed to overcome environmental mismanagement, which is beneficial for the lives of rural communities. PES should be considered in the formulation of spatial planning. This study was aimed to develop optimum land use pattern in reducing flood in Ciliwung Watershed, using PES approach. This study used a dynamic system approach, consisting of submodels for land use pattern change, runoff, value of farmland, upstream subsidy policy, population dynamics, and environmental services. The results showed that the PES policy should be able to maintain the existence of paddy fields and dryland farming areas and to reduce runoff if it is implemented in the form of guaranteed access to the market, and held in conjunction with efforts to prevent land conversion and to implement reforestation policies. The optimum land use pattern under this condition shall be reached in 2023, which consisted of 0.82% water bodies, 10.74% forest areas, 70.34% built-up areas, 8.16% dryland farming areas, 4.97% grassland areas, 2.39% paddy field areas, and 2.58% open areas. This land use pattern can reduce runoff in Ciliwung River from 972.04 to 850 cm, and this level is considered to be flood-free. Communities living in the upstream areas are the most effective managers of the watershed.
Co-Authors Ahmad Subaidi Akhmad Fauzi Eriyatno, . Fawzia Sulaiman Oteng Haridjaja Setia Hadi Tri Ratna Saridewi, Tri Ratna Yulia Pujiharti