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Kumiko Miyazaki
Tokyo Institute of Technology

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Technology and Standardization Strategies Related to The Diffusion of Smart Houses: The Case of ECHONET in Japan Kumiko Miyazaki; Kentaro Nishida
STI Policy and Management Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2016): STI Policy and Management
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology Development Studies, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1284.87 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/STIPM.2016.50

Abstract

In this paper, an analysis is made of the technology and standardization strategies regarding ECHONET and KNX, which are the de jure standards for smart houses in Japan and Europe. Eleven interviews with the main actors related to the ECHONET Consortium and KNX were conducted. Three research questions were set. What are the technology strategy related concerns of the main actors related to ECHONET? What are the issues related to the diffusion of smart houses? What are the underlying strengths and weaknesses of ECHONET when compared with KNX? The analyses showed that the strategies of the various actors towards the diffusion of smart houses were different, based on their different perspectives, visions and competences. A comparison between Japanese and European case highlighted the different standardization strategies and areas of focus. The main bottlenecks towards the diffusion of smart houses were identified.
Evolutionary Path of Development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Patterns of Knowledge Convergence over the Second and Third AI Booms Kumiko Miyazaki; Santiago Ruiz Navaz; Ryusuke Sato
STI Policy and Management Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2019): STI Policy and Management
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology Development Studies, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1890.217 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/STIPM.2019.172

Abstract

Although AI was coined by John McCarthy 60 years ago, AI has been confined to the academic and scientific research domain. AI has been through several booms and we have currently reached the 3rd AI boom which followed the 2nd AI boom centering mainly on expert systems. The current AI boom started around 2013 and AI is beginning to affect corporate management and operations. AI has been evolving over six decades but it seems that the current boom is different from the previous booms. In this paper, we attempt to elucidate the evolutionary path of development of AI and the structural patterns of knowledge convergence in the current and previous booms.For this purpose we have set 2 main objectives1) To characterize the first (1B), second (2B) and the current, third (3B) AI boom2) To analyze the structure of knowledge convergence around AIRQ   How have the key technologies and the applications of AI changed over time, in the 2B and the 3B? An innovative method has been used to identify the characteristics of AI and the evolutionary path of knowledge convergence over the booms.
Accumulation of Knowledge by Strategic Public Procurement through Public-Private Partnerships for Service Innovation in Japan Taeko Suehiro; Kumiko Miyazaki
STI Policy and Management Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2019): STI Policy and Management
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology Development Studies, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1182.418 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/STIPM.2019.174

Abstract

This study focuses on how governments strategically procure public service through Public–Private Partnership (PPP) – or more specifically, Private Finance Initiative (PFI) arrangements. PPP/PFI is recognised as a key element of demand-oriented innovation policy in the field of social infrastructure.  However, owing to the considerable uncertainty of each project, the benefits of PPP/PFI are subject to debate, as is the role of public procurement in fostering public service innovation. The purpose of this study is to examine how governments strategically procure public services from construction firms in Japan. We conduct a comparative case study of two waste-to-energy PFI projects to clarify how governments improved the public procurement.The results suggest the following: first, municipalities utilise a greater extent of other municipalities’ experience through external experts (i.e. Ministry of Environment, advisors, committee members and potential bidders) and standardised service criteria. Second, the codification of tacit knowledge, which both public and private entities have gained from previous projects, is important for securing a robust and routinised service level and reaping the benefits of the scale of repetition. Third, interaction with private companies in the bidding process with an appropriate manner would foster public service innovation. Governments' capability development through the use of internal and external resources can create space for private companies to provide better service by accumulating tacit knowledge within the projects. Keywords: Public procurement; Public–Private Partnership; Private Finance Initiative; Service innovation; Construction firm; Waste-to-energy
Co-Authors Kentaro Nishida Ryusuke Sato Santiago Ruiz Navaz Taeko Suehiro