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All Journal Buletin Agrohorti Journal of Tropical Soils
Selly Salma
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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Aplikasi Enzim Ligninase dan Selulase untuk Meningkatkan Perkecambahan Benih Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit, Pematang Siantar, Sumatera Utara Putra K Hadi; Eny Widajati; Selly Salma
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (386.273 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v5i1.15894

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit, Pematang Siantar, Sumatera Utara, mulai dari 1 Maret hingga 24 Juli 2010. Fokus kegiatan ada pada  divisi pematahan dormansi dan perkecambahan benih di PPKS. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Dua varietas benih kelapa sawit diuji responnya terhadap perbedaan perlakuan yang dilakukan .; 2) Benih varietas Yangambi, ada tiga teknik aplikasi enzim ligninase dan selulase yang memberikan hasil efektif dengan peningkatan nyata dari kekuatan tumbuh, potensi tumbuh maksimum, dan kecepatan tumbuh benih serta menurunkan indeks dormansi benih. Ketiga tekni tersebut adalah P1 dengan pemanasan selama 40 hari, perendaman air (3 hari), perendaman enzim ligninase (1 hari) dan perendaman enzim selulase (2 hari); P2 dengan pemanasan selama 40 hari, perendaman enzim ligninase (1 hari), perendaman enzim selulase (2 hari) dan perendaman air (3 hari), dan P3 dengan pemanasan selama 40 hari, perendaman campuran enzim ligninase dan selulase (3 hari) dan perendaman air (3 hari).; 3) Pada varietas Langkat, ligninase dan selulase tidak memberikan peningkatan signifikan pada kekuatan tumbuh benih, potensi tumbuh maksimum, dan menurunkan indeks dormansi benih. Pada kecepatan tumbuh benih, aplikasi enzim hanya efektif di P2.; 4) Aplikasi dari ligninase dan selulase enzim dalam varietas Langkat dan Yangambi terbukti dapat mengurangi panjang pemanasan biji di ruang pemanas selama 10 hari di P4 dan selama 20 hari perlakuan di P1, P2 dan P3.; 5) Aplikasi enzim lignoselulase pada bibit kelapa sawit tidak menyebabkan gejala kelainan pada bibit.
Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Agriculture Aziz, Muhammad Abdul; Hazra, Fahrizal; Salma, Selly; Nursyamsi, Dedi Nursyamsi
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 21 No. 1: January 2016
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2016.v21i1.19-25

Abstract

Use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on intensive land of both lowland and upland food crops have been shown to increase agricultural productivity significantly. Research aimed to study soil chemical characteristics and soil pesticide residues at some crops of organic and conventional farms. The research was carried out in  Laboratory of Soil Chemistry, Indonesian Soil Research Institute and in Laboratory of Agrochemical Residue, Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Bogor from February to July 2015. Soil samples at 0-10 cm depth were taken compositely from broccoli (Brassica oleracea), carrots (Daucus carota), maize (Zea mays), and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) farms in Bogor Regency as well as from rice field in Tasikmalaya Regency at both organic and conventional farms. Soil chemical characteristics were analyzed include: soil organic-C (Walkey and Black), total-N (Kjeldahl), potential-P (HCl 25%), available-P (Olsen), potential-K (HCl 25%), available-K (NH4OAc 1 N pH 7), CEC (NH4OAc 1 N pH 7), and pH (soil : water = 1: 5), while pesticide residues included levels of organochlorine (lindane, aldrin, heptaklor, dieldrin, DDT, endosulfan); organophosphates (diazinon, fenitrotin, metidation, paration, profenofos); and carbamates (carbofuran, MIPC, BPMC) in the soil by using Gas Chromatography method. Results showed that levels of soil organic-C, total-N, potential and available-P, potential and available-K, CEC, pH  at organic farms were higher than those at conventional farms. Some pesticide residues compound (organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates) were detected at conventional farm, while those at organic farm were not detected (trace).Keywords: Conventional farm, organic farm, pesticide residues, soil properties. [How to Cite: Muhammad AA, F Hazra, S Salma and D Nursyamsi. 2016. Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Agriculture. J Trop Soils 21: 19-25. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2016.21.1.19] 
Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationship to Total Soil Bacteria, Soil Microbial Biomass and Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Farming Aziz, Muhammad Abdul; Hazra, Fahrizal; Salma, Selly; Nursyamsi, Dedi
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 23 No. 3: September 2018
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2018.v23i3.133-141

Abstract

Soil properties such as physical, chemical, biological, microbiological and biochemical aspects affect on soil quality. Soil microbiological activities directly affect stability of ecosystems and soil fertility. The research aimed to determine soil microbial activities through soil enzyme activities and their relationship to total soil bacteria, soil microbial biomass, and soil chemical characteristics. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Bogor from July 2015 to January 2016. Soil samples 0-10 cm depth were taken from organic and conventional farming of some commodities (tomato, carrot, maize, broccoli) from Bogor Regency, while those of rice were taken from Tasikmalaya Regency. Soil dehydrogenase, urease and cellulase activities were determined using some modified methods. The results showed that soil dehydrogenase and cellulase activities in organic farming were higher than those in conventional farming, whereas the soil urease activity in organic farming was lower than that in conventional farming. The total soil bacteria and soil microbial biomass were significantly and positively correlated with soil dehydrogenase, urease, and cellulose activities. Soil dehydrogenase, urease, and cellulose activities were very significantly and positively correlated with all soil characteristics tested, i.e. soil organic C, total N, potential P and K, available P and K, CEC, and pH, except that soil urease activity was very significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH. The results of this research indicated that organic farming is recommended for maintaining soil fertility and plant productivity; however, small use of urea fertilizer is still needed in the farming.
Co-Authors Dedi Nursyamsi Eny Widajati Fahrizal Hazra Hadi, Putra K Nursyamsi, Dedi Nursyamsi Putra K Hadi RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Yuyuk Agung Lastiandika