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Eksistensi Partai Politik Dalam Persepsi Publik [The Existence of The Political Parties in Public Perception] NFN Efriza
Jurnal Politica Vol 10, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Politica Mei 2019
Publisher : Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22212/jp.v10i1.1314

Abstract

A democratic country needs political parties. They become the driving force in the implementation of democracy in Indonesia considering the important role that they play in various political processes in the legislature, government, and other state institutions. Given the importance of political parties in Indonesia in the Reform era, it turns out that most problems come from political parties. This paper aims to gain an understanding of the development and role of political parties in the Reform era based on the public perception of the existence of political parties. Based on the objective of the study, the significance of this study can hopefully be elicited, which is to provide an understanding and an input on the development and role of political parties in the Reform era. Results of the study suggests that public perception of the performance of political parties as political infrastructure was still poor and that political parties were also responsible for the poor performance of the political superstructure institutions. Therefore, the researcher recommends that political parties internally need to strengthen party institutionalization, while on the other hand, there needs to be an effort to simplify party systems in Indonesia. AbstrakSebuah negara demokratis membutuhkan adanya partai politik. Partai politik menjadi tulang punggung bagi berjalannya demokrasi di Indonesia, sebab peran penting dalam aneka proses politik di lembaga legislatif, pemerintahan, dan lembaga-lembaga negara lainnya tidak bisa dilepaskan dari partai politik. Mengingat pentingnya posisi partai politik di Indonesia pada era reformasi ini, malah ternyata letak permasalahan ada di partai politik. Penulisan ini memiliki tujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman mengenai perkembangan dan peran partai politik di era reformasi berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat atas eksistensi partai politik. Dari tujuan itu diharapkan dapat dihasilkan kegunaan kajian ini, yakni memberikan pemahaman dan masukan terhadap perkembangan dan peran partai politik di era reformasi ini. Penulisan ini menemukan fakta bahwa persepsi publik atas kinerja partai politik sebagai infrastruktur politik masih buruk dan partai politik juga dianggap bertanggung jawab atas masih buruknya kinerja lembaga suprastruktur politik. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi yang ditawarkan adalah partai politik secara internal perlu melakukan penguatan institusionalisasi partai, di sisi lain perlu adanya upaya penyederhanaan sistem kepartaian di Indonesia.
SISTEM PRESIDENSIAL DAN PENGELOLAAN KOALISI, BERDASARKAN TIGA TAHUN PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN JOKO WIDODO [PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT OF COALITIONS, BASED ON THREE YEARS OF GOVERNMENT PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO] Nfn Efriza
Jurnal Politica Vol 9, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Politica Mei 2018
Publisher : Sekretariat Jenderal DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This paper discusses the relationship between the President and the House of Representatives and the coalition government based on the three years of President Joko Widodo (Jokowi), who was trapped in inter-institutional competition as a consequence of a mixture of presidential and multi-party systems. In outlining the problems we use the rationale of Scott Mainwaring and David Altman on the combination of presidential and multiparty systems as well as coalitions in presidential systems. Completed analysis of Otto Kirchheimer on Catch All Party, to outline the transformation of the party in this modern era. Accompanied by a discussion on the orientation of political parties in Indonesia, based on Yasraf Amir Piliang's description of political nomadism. Based on the above facts and thoughts, produced by presidential and multiparty system and the way of government conducted by President Jokowi, is the management of “fat” coalition with accommodative leadership and transactional philosophy. The nature of the management is an attempt to maintain a harmonious relationship between the President and the House of Representatives with the consequence that President Jokowi violates his commitment to realize an unconditional coalition and not share for power seats.Tulisan ini membahas relasi Presiden dengan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) dan pengelolaan koalisi berdasarkan tiga tahun kepemimpinan Presiden Joko Widodo (Jokowi), yang sempat terjebak dalam ketegangan antarlembaga sebagai konsekuensi dari perpaduan antara sistem presidensial dan multipartai. Dalam menguraikan permasalahan digunakan dasar pemikiran dari Scott Mainwaring dan David Altman mengenai kombinasi sistem presidensial dan multipartai serta koalisi dalam sistem presidensial. Dilengkapi analisis dari Otto Kirchheimer tentang Catch All Party, untuk menguraikan tranformasi kepartaian di era modern ini. Disertai pembahasan mengenai orientasi partai-partai politik di Indonesia, berdasarkan uraian Yasraf Amir Piliang tentang nomadisme politik. Berdasarkan realitas dan pemikiran di atas, dihasilkan bahwa kombinasi sistem presidensial dan multipartai dan cara pengelolaan pemerintahan yang dilakukan oleh Presiden Jokowi, adalah pengelolaan koalisi bersifat “gemuk” dengan kepemimpinan yang akomodatif dan cenderung transaksional. Sifat pengelolaan tersebut sebuah upaya menjaga hubungan harmonis antara Presiden dan DPR  dengan konsekuensi bahwa Presiden Jokowi melanggar komitmennya untuk mewujudkan koalisi tanpa syarat dan tidak bagi-bagi kursi kekuasaan.