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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Rasti Saraswati
Balai Penelitian Tanah
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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SOYBEAN SEEDLING ROOT GROWTH PROMOTION BY 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE DEAMINASE-PRODUCING PSEUDOMONADS Husen, Edi; Wahyudi, Aris Tri; Suwanto, Antonius; Saraswati, Rasti
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 10, No 1 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Pseudomonad producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate(ACC) deaminase (E.C.4.1.99.4) has been known to promoteplant growth by lowering ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants,which can be induced by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production.The objective of this study was to examine the ability of IAAproducingPseudomonas isolated from local soil environment(rhizosphere of soybean grown in Plumbons agricultural areain Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia) to promote soybean root growthin relation to their ACC deaminase activities. The experimentswere conducted in growth room and Laboratory of Soil BiologyResearch, Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Bogor, from Januaryto August 2008. Soybean seeds were inoculated by immersing theseeds for 1 hour in bacterial cell suspension containingapproximately 108-109 cells ml-1. The seeds were then germinatedfor 2 days before planting in growth pouches containing sterilizeddistilled water. All treated and untreated seeds were grown for7 days in growth room at 24°C with 1300 lux of light intensityfor 12-hour followed by a 12-hour dark period at 22°C. ACCdeaminase activity of the isolates was assayed based on their abilityto grow in Dworkin-Foster’s salt minimal medium containingammonium sulfate or ACC as a source of nitrogen. Thirteen outof 81 isolates tested significantly increased soybean root lengthand weight, up to 50% from untreated plants. Of 13 isolates,11 demonstrated ACC deaminase activities. Two isolates thatdid not show ACC deaminase activities had lower capacity toproduce IAA. The results suggest that the effectiveness of IAAproducingPseudomonas in promoting the growth of the soybeanseedlings is associated with their ACC deaminase activities orthey produce IAA at low levels.
CHARACTERIZATION AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF INDONESIAN COMMERCIAL BIOFERTILIZERS Husen, Edi Husen; Simanungkalit, R.D.M.; Saraswati, Rasti; ., Irawan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 8, No 1 (2007): April 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Biofertilizers currently sold in the market are not labeled witha distinct quality standard. As such, farmers may buy low qualitybiofertilizers, which can reduce their profit and trust on the benefitof biofertilizers. This paper presents the characteristics of variousproducts of commercial biofertilizers as well as farmers’ knowledgeand experience on the products. The study was carried out in2004-2006 by collecting and analyzing data on registered commercialbiofertilizers, checking their availability at the market(39 agricultural shops), and interviewing farmers on their knowledgeand experience on the use of biofertilizers on various farmingsystems in Bandung District, West Java (86 respondents) andSemarang District, Central Java (77 respondents). The quality ofbiofertilizers was tested in the laboratory based on microbialdensity and its functional (phenotypic) traits. The study showedthat amongst various brands of biofertilizers commercialized,41 brands of them have been officially registered as commercialproducts. Two brands of other biofertilizers found in agriculturalshops were registered as organic or inorganic fertilizers. In general,each biofertilizer contained two or more microbial strains andwas claimed to have multiple functions. However, most of them(>90%) were not labeled with expiry date information. Macronutrientcontents (NPK) of some microbial carriers were almostequal to those of organic fertilizers. Around 38% of respondentsin Bandung knew biofertilizers and less than 10% have ever usedthem. In Semarang, however, familiarity and personal experienceof the respondents were much lower, i.e. 10% and 3%, respectively.About 67% and 50% of agricultural shops in Bandung andSemarang sold biofertilizers, respectively. Laboratory analysesshowed that microbial density of five biofertilizers tested waslower than that of product specification, although most of themwere positive for N-fixing and P-solubilizing traits. Some microbialstrains contained less than 103 cfu based on the dilution leveltesting. These figures imply the urgent need to improve theexisting quality standard system of biofertilizers including itscontrol mechanisms.
ENZYME ACTIVITY IN RELATION TO TOTAL K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu AND Zn IN THE OIL PALM RHIZOSPHERE OF RIAU’S PEATLANDS, INDONESIA Harianti, Mimien; Sutandi, Atang; Saraswati, Rasti; Maswar, Maswar; Sabiham, Supiandi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.862

Abstract

Enzyme activity can be used as an indicator of peat decomposition in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Oil palm plantation management requires fertilization in the rhizosphere to provide nutrients for oil palm growth. The state of total nutrients in the rhizosphere can influence enzyme activity. This research aimed to study enzyme activity in relation to nutrient content in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Using the explorative method in Riau's tropical peatlands, an oil palm plantation was chosen as the main site, and a degraded forest as well as a shrubland were chosen as comparison sites. In the oil palm plantation, peat samples were taken from peat adhering to oil palm roots at depths of 0–25 and 25–50 cm and at distances of 0–1, 1–2, 2–3, and 3–4 m from the trees. In the degraded forest and shrubland, samples were taken from selected plant roots at depths of 0–25 and 25–50 cm. The triplicate peat samples were then composited for analysis of enzyme activity and total nutrient content. Results showed that enzyme activity (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase) in the oil palm rhizosphere decreased as the distance from trees and the depth of the rhizosphere increased. The decline in enzyme activity was caused by low peat pH and increased water content as well as organic carbon content. Enzyme activity increased with increasing oil palm age and ash content. Total K and Zn contents showed no correlation with enzyme activities. However, total Ca and Mg contents showed a positive correlation only with β-glucosidase activity. Total Fe and Cu contents showed a significantly negative correlation with enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase). Enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of the degraded forest and shrubland was mostly lower than in the oil palm rhizosphere.
Co-Authors Antonius Suwanto Aris Tri Wahyudi Atang Sutandi EDI HUSEN Edi Husen Husen Harianti, Mimien Irawan . Maswar Maswar R.D.M. Simanungkalit