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BORED AND DRIVEN PILE TESTING IN BANGKOK SUB-SOILS A. S. Balasubramaniam; E. Y. N. Oh; N. Phienwej
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 1, June (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

As a necessity to support an increasing magnitude of loads from tall buildings and long span bridges, the piling practice in the Bangkok Plain has moved several phases from driven pre-cast reinforced and pre-stressed concrete piles of smaller cross sections to spun piles and large diameter bored piles. The Chao Phraya plain in which the Bangkok city is located is low-lying and consists of a broad basin filled with sedimentary soils which form alternate layers of clay, sand, and clay. The upper clay layer is soft and highly compressible followed by a stiff clay layer extending to about 20 m or so and then followed by a layer of sand. Driven piles are normally taken down to this upper sand layer. However when the demand for a higher capacity arise, these piles cannot be extended in length due to construction problems and as such bored piles are needed to be taken down to as deep as 50 to 60 m. Below the upper clay layer there are eight interconnected aquifers from which ground water is pumped from deep wells. Thus in the design of piled foundations aspects such as the negative skin friction due to pile driving as well as deep well pumping are also needed to be considered. Some of the experiences gained over a period of 30 years in the study of piled foundations in the Bangkok Plain are briefly presented in this paper.
CURRENT PRACTICE ON FOUNDATION DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND K. Amornfa; N. Phienwej; P. Kitpayuck
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Assessment was made on the current practice on foundation design of high-rise buildings in Bangkok, Thailand to explore rooms for improvement. An interview survey revealed that the current design practice was dominated by structural engineers. They commonly used the conventional method of analysis, namely the combined stress equation, as well as the plate on springs analysis. The finding from the survey study indicates the current design practice does not encourage an optimal design outcome in term of cost effectiveness. The second part of the study is to explore the benefit in adopting the piled raft foundation design concept. A comparative study on the results of the 3dimensional finite element (3D FEM) analysis and various analysis methods currently used. The results show that the plate on pile springs method which neglects pile-pile and raft-pile interaction give results significantly different from that of the 3D FEM. The 3D FEM shows that only about 70-80% of total building loads are carried by piles when raft is placed in the stiff clay layer. The number of piles in the piled raft foundation can be significantly reduced particularly if the true piled raft foundation concept is adopted, while the foundation settlement only increases slightly.
DISCUSSION ON “GEOTECHNICAL HAZARDS IN BANGKOK – PRESENT & FUTURE”, BY S. SHIBUYA, S. B. TAMRAKAR AND W. MANAKUL, LOWLAND TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, 5(1), 95-104 A. S. Balasubramaniam; N. Phienwej; D. T. Bergado; Y. N. Oh
Lowland Technology International Vol 6 No 1, June (2004)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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The writers read with great interest the contribution on “Geotechnical Hazard in Bangkok – Present Future”. The writers had a long time interest in the subsidence of Bangkok since 1973 (see Piancharoen and Chuamthaisong, 1976; Piancharoen and Isarangula, 1974; Rammarong, 1974) or so.