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Roflumilast: Review of Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor as Asthma Therapy Rafina Syfridiana; Fauna Herawati
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol 14 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (Journal of Health Science) 
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (202.417 KB) | DOI: 10.33086/jhs.v14i3.2114

Abstract

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways induced reversible obstruction resulting in mortality and morbidity. Roflumilast is a second-generation selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4  targeting PDE type 4 isoenzymes, disturbing the breakdown of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and reducing inflammation. However, it has not been recommended for asthma patients because of insufficient evidence from trial results. The search was carried out using the PUBMED online database from 2011 to May 2021. The keywords used in this study were "Asthma" and "Roflumilast" using the Boolean Operator "AND." All articles were published until May 7, 2021. The design of the articles involved in this study was randomized. Selection of research articles was obtained to avoid duplication of articles through title and abstract screening. Next, eligible articles were extracted by reviewing the full text according to the inclusion criteria. Finally, Five articles were used in this paper. Roflumilast can be given per-oral as a single dose or combine with ICS or montelukast. Roflumilast can increase FEV1 and reduce eosinophils, a pathological cause of asthma that induces inflammation in the airways. The side effects of roflumilast are well tolerated in asthma patients, the most common of which include headache, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, and insomnia
Efektifitas dan Keamanan Pretomanid dalam Pengobatan Tuberkulosis Lini Kedua Heryanti Pusparisa; Fauna Herawati
Malahayati Nursing Journal Vol 4, No 11 (2022): Volume 4 Nomor 11 2022
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mnj.v4i11.7216

Abstract

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious threat to public health around the world. Recent advances in drug development and new regimens give hope that tuberculosis (TB) treatment is well tolerated, effective, and has a shorter duration. This review includes drug trials and new TB regimens with activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant bacilli, optimizing safety. Combination therapy is an approach that has successfully treated tuberculosis in patients who are susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The emergence of resistant strains requires the identification of new effective therapies. Current 6-month tuberculosis (TB) therapy is less than optimal with significant side effects and problems with poor patient adherence to medications. The problem of drug-resistant TB is increasing the need to develop new and more effective drugs. Significant advances are being made with several new drug candidates in clinical trials. The literature search process is carried out using the PUBMED database and the keywords "Pretomanid" and "TB" combined with the Boolean operator, namely "AND". In total there were 227 studies from the final study. We conducted a systematic review of studies involving resistance mutations via sequencing and phenotyping before and / or after spontaneous resistance evolution, as well as experiments. Focuses on new pretomanid drugs. A database of 111 diverse controls across MTB, isolated from patients not exposed to this drug, was used to further assess associations. The ultimate goal of anti-tuberculosis treatment research is the development of a completely new regimen that is highly effective, cures in a short time, is well tolerated, is affordable and does not have significant resistance to existing ones. By considering these positive impacts, it is hoped that this new Pretomanid treatment can be implemented in health institutions in Indonesia by taking into account the availability of resources and the local cultural context. Keywords: Drug Administration, Effectiveness, Tuberculosis  ABSTRAK Tuberkulosis (TB) menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Kemajuan baru-baru ini dalam pengembangan obat dan rejimen baru memberikan harapan pengobatan tuberkulosis (TB) ditoleransi dengan baik, efektif, dan jangka waktunya lebih pendek.  Ulasan ini mencakup uji coba obat dan rejimen TB baru dengan aktivitas melawan basil peka obat dan resistan terhadap obat, yang mengoptimalkan keamanan. Terapi kombinasi adalah pendekatan yang berhasil mengobati tuberkulosis pada pasien yang rentan Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Munculnya strain resisten membutuhkan identifikasi terapi baru yang efektif. Terapi tuberkulosis (TB) 6 bulan saat ini kurang optimal dengan efek samping signifikan dan masalah kepatuhan pasien yang buruk terhadap obat. Masalah TB resistan terhadap obat semakin meningkat perlu mengembangkan obat baru dan lebih efektif. Kemajuan signifikan dibuat dengan beberapa kandidat obat baru dalam uji klinis. Proses penelusuran Pustaka dilakukan dengan menggunakan basis data PUBMED dan kata kunci”Pretomanid” dan “TB” yang dikombinasikan dengan Boolean operator yaitu “AND”. Total terdapat 227 penelitian dari kajian akhir. Kami melakukan tinjauan sistematis terhadap studi melibatkan mutasi resistensi melalui pengurutan dan fenotipe sebelum dan / atau setelah evolusi resistensi spontan, serta eksperimen. Berfokus pada obat baru pretomanid. Sebuah database dari 111 kontrol beragam seluruh MTB, diisolasi dari pasien yang tidak terpapar obat ini, digunakan untuk menilai lebih lanjut asosiasi. Tujuan akhir dari penelitian pengobatan anti-tuberkulosis adalah pengembangan rejimen yang benar-benar baru yang sangat efektif, menyembuhkan dalam waktu singkat, dapat ditoleransi dengan baik, terjangkau dan tidak resistensi signifikan yang sudah ada. Dengan mempertimbangkan dampak positif tersebut, sangat diharapkan agar pengobatan baru Pretomanid ini dapat diimplementasikan pada institusi Kesehatan di Indonesia dengan memperhatikan ketersediaan sumber daya dan konteks budaya lokal. Kata Kunci: Pemberian Obat, Efektivitas, Tuberkulosis
EVALUASI PERSENTASI KESESUAIAN DENGAN PEDOMAN 3 PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK DAN ANTIVIRUS PADA PASIEN COVID-19 NON VENTILATOR DI RSUD BANGIL Vincentina Yenny Triamyanti; Rika yulia; fauna herawati; Abdul Kadir Jaelani
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 11 No 2 (2022): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v11i2.94

Abstract

Coronavirus (Covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people infected with this virus develop mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. However, people who are older and have comorbid will experience severe illness and require medical attention that can lead to death. The aimed of this study was to provide an overview of the evaluation of the use of antibiotics and antivirals in non-ventilated Covid-19 patients at Bangil Hospital. The method used is Defined Daily Dose (DDD/100 patient-days) and One Way ANOVA analysis. Based on the DDD/100 patient-days value, the most widely used antibiotic group was Moxifloxacin and the most common antiviral group was Remdesivir. Meanwhile, based on different tests on the use of antibiotics and antivirals, it is known that there is no significant difference between those who use antibiotics and do not use antibiotics and those who use antivirals without using antivirals. Thus it can be concluded that the use of antibiotics and antivirals has no effect on the patient's recovery rate.
Analysis of Antibiotic Use in Outpatient Pneumonia Patients at X Blitar Health Center using the Gyssens Method and the Defined Daily Dose Hesti Rima Hariyani; Rina Widiyawati; Fauna Herawati; Nurul Chusna
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v9i2.11327

Abstract

Pneumonia is one of the respiratory infections that is still a public health problem and requires appropriate antibiotic therapy. However, irrational use of antibiotics has the potential to increase resistance and worsen patient clinical outcomes. This study aims to analyze antibiotic use in outpatient pneumonia patients at the X Blitar Health Center using the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) and Gyssens methods. This study employed a cross-sectional approach, utilizing secondary data from 109 medical records and prescriptions for pneumonia patients (ICD-10 codes J12-J18) from February 2024 to May 2025. Quantitative analysis was conducted using the DDD/1,000 patients per day method, while qualitative analysis of prescriptions was performed using the Gyssens method. The results showed that Amoxicillin (J01CA04) was the most widely used antibiotic, namely 232.42 DDD/1,000 patients per day, followed by Cefadroxil (87.04 DDD/1,000 patients per day), Ciprofoxacin (18.35 DDD/1,000 patients per day), and Azithromycin (15.29 DDD/1,000 patients per day). Gyssens' analysis revealed that most prescriptions fell into categories IIA (33.94%), IVA (29.36%), and V (27.52%). Inaccurate dosage and suboptimal antibiotic selection were the leading causes of irrational antibiotic use. Additionally, 30 pneumonia patients were identified who did not receive antibiotics despite having clinical indications for them. The results of this study emphasize the need for rationalization training in therapy, prescription audits, and the strengthening of clinical guidelines implementation in primary care facilities.
Laporan Kasus: Keamanan Kombinasi Terapi Nimodipine dan Nicardipine pada Pasien Cerebrovascular Accident Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (CVA SAH) Syafira Nur Hayati; Rani Nur Badriah; Reta Anggraeni Widya; Jainuri Erik Pratama; Antonius Adji Prayitno Setiadi; Fauna Herawati; Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 10 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i10.15815

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hemorrhage stroke is caused by injury due to acute extravasation of blood into the brain parenchyma from rupture of small cerebral blood vessels. One of the etiologies of hemorrhage stroke is hypertension. Hypertension is a disease in which the blood pressure value exceeds normal, namely if the systolic blood pressure value is ≥ 140mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure value is ≥ 90mmHg. Giving calcium channel blocker drugs has good benefits. This research is a descriptive case study, namely describing the problem of the safety of using a combination of Nimodipine and Nicardipine therapy in Cerebrovascular Accident Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (CVA SAH) patients. Below we present a case of hypertension in a 59 year old female patient who was admitted to hospital with complaints of decreased consciousness, a history of diabetes mellitus, and a history of hypertension. The patient received combination therapy of Nicardipine (drip) 5-15mg and Nimodipine PO 4x60mg. For five days the patient was treated in hospital with the administration of two anti-hypertension drugs from the same class, namely the calcium channel blocker class. It can be seen from the patient's blood pressure profile that the patient's blood pressure tends to be stable so it is safe not to cause hypotension side effects that are harmful to the patient. Keywords: Case Report, Hypertension, Nimodipine, Nicardipine  ABSTRAK Stroke hemorrhage atau stroke perdarahan disebabkan oleh cedera karena ekstravasasi darah akut ke dalam parenkim otak dari pecahnya pembuluh darah otak kecil. Salah satu etiologi dari munculnya stroke hemorrhage adalah kondisi hipertensi. Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang mana nilai tekanan darah melebihi normal, yaitu apabila nilai tekanan darah sistolik ≥ 140mmHg dan/atau nilai tekanan darah diastolik ≥ 90mmHg. Pemberian obat golongan calcium channel blocker memiliki manfaat yang baik. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus deskriptif mendeskripsikan kasus dari keamanan penggunaan kombinasi terapi Nimodipine dan Nicardipine pada pasien Cerebrovascular Accident Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (CVA SAH). Berikut ini kami presentasikan sebuah kasus hipertensi pada pasien perempuan berusia 59 tahun yang masuk rumah sakit dengan keluhan penurunan kesadaran, riwayat penyakit diabetes mellitus, dan riwayat penyakit hipertensi. Pasien mendapat terapi kombinasi Nicardipine (drip) 5-15mg dan Nimodipine PO 4x60mg. Selama lima hari pasien dirawat di rumah sakit dengan pemberian dua obat anti hipertensi dari golongan yang sama yaitu golongan calcium channel blocker, maka dapat dilihat dari profil tekanan darah pasien bahwa tekanan darah pasien cenderung stabil sehingga aman tidak menyebabkan munculnya efek samping hipotensi yang membahayakan pasien. Kata Kunci: Motivasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Perilaku Perawat, Sampah Medis