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All Journal Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business The South East Asian Journal of Management
Zizah Che Senik
School of Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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SME Internationalization Intelligence Information and Knowledge on International Opportunities Senik, Zizah Che; Md. Sham, Ridzuan
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 13, No 2 (2011): May-August
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) internationalization intelligence, referring to the process of gathering information and knowledge on international opportunities, is crucial to initiate SMEs’ internationalization. The literature has stressed organizational resources, networks and information sharing as means to acquire internationalization intelligence, suggesting that the resource-based, network and social capital perspectives can be adopted to explore this issue. However, previous literature still lacks evidence on how SMEs acquire relevant intelligence, and who or what are involved with the process. To address this lack of evidence, we interviewed 54 SME owners/key personnel in the manufacturing sector to: identify sources of internationalization intelligence; examine how those sources assist SMEs to internationalize; and develop propositions on internationalization intelligence. Analyzing the data using NVivo, four themes emerged including institutions, business associates, personal efforts, and other means. The analysis suggests internationalization intelligence occurs mainly through the networks of the SME owners/key personnel, built on their firm’s resources through their internal and external information sharing activities, indicating the need of the SMEs to position themselves in their environments. These findings are developed into propositions. The study indicates multiple perspectives in conceptualizing the process of internationalization intelligence. This study advances a conceptualization of internationalization intelligence, and offers avenues for future research.      
Mediating Effects of Entrepreneurs’ Work Performance on the Relationship between Their Psychological Capital and Growth Intentions: A Study on Malaysian Entrepreneurs Yousaf, Sh. Usman; Hizam-Hanafiah, Mohd; Isa, Rosmah Mat; Abdullah, Nor Liza; Senik, Zizah Che; Usman, Bushra
The South East Asian Journal of Management Vol. 14, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Research Aims: This study proposes to fill the gap in entreprenuership literature by focusing on the relationship between entrepreneurs' psychological capital and growth intention mediated by their work performance. Design/methodology/approach: This research used cross-sectional quantitative research and employed convenience sampling technique. A total of 275 Small and Medium Entreprise (SME) entrepreneurs participated and answered the survey questionnaires. Research Findings: The findings confirmed the direct relationships between psychological capital and work performance; and psychological capital and growth intention of entrepreneurs. However, this study found no mediating effect of work performance in the relationship between psychological capital and growth intention of the entreprenuers. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study enhanced the understanding on the importance of psychological capital as influential psychological resource for entrepreneurs as it has positive effects on attitudes and their work performance. These findings advocate the inclusion of psychological capital in entrepreneurial studies as important resource for work performance improvement and positive attitudes. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian context: The government and SMEs supporting agencies need to give attention to psychological capital in their entrepreneurship development policy and programmes. Further, universities and training providers should also focus on psychological capital resources in entrepreneurial education and training modules. Research limitation & implications: This study is confined to Malaysian SME entrepreneurs only and uses convenient sampling technique. Therefore, generalization of the findings is limited. Future research can investigate the related variables in different countries and contexts to examine the importance of psychological capital in entrepreneurial setting.
Co-Authors Hizam-Hanafiah, Mohd Isa, Rosmah Mat Nor Liza Abdullah, Nor Liza Ridzuan Md. Sham Usman, Bushra Yousaf, Sh. Usman