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All Journal EBBANK: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Perbankan
Sarwoko Sarwoko
STIEBBANK Yogyakarta
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Analisis Arus Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara Ke Indonesia Dengan Menggunakan Model Gravitasi Sarwoko Sarwoko
EBBANK Vol 5, No 1 (2014): EBBANK Vol.5 No.1 Juni 2014
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Bisnis dan Perbankan

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Abstract

Tulisan ini mencoba meneliti Analisis Arus Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara ke  Indonesia dengan Menggunakan Model Gravitasi. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan data sekunder, data pool yaitu kombinasi data runtut waktu dan seksi silang (cross section) meliputi lima besar negara asal wisatawan mancanegara yang relative tetap antara tahun 1980-2012, yaitu Australia, Malasia, Singapore, Jepang dan Taiwan. Macam data runtut waktu itu berupa Arus Kunjungan Wisatawan, Populasi penduduk,  Gross Domestic Product per kapita, dan Indeks Harga Konsumen baik dari negara asal wisatawan maupun dari Indonesia, Jarak geografis antara Indonesia dengan Negara-negara asal wisatawan. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan model gravitasi dengan teknik analisis regresi OLS berdasarkan data pool. Dari hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa variable-variabel independent perpengaruh kuat terhadap arus kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara ke Indonesia dengan arah koefisien-arah koefisien yang sesuai dengan teori.
Dampak Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Kesempatan Kerja Di Indonesia (Studi Kasus: Tahun 1980-2011) Sarwoko Sarwoko
EBBANK Vol 4, No 2 (2013): EBBANK Vol.4 No.2 Desember 2013
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Bisnis dan Perbankan

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Abstract

The objective of this paper are to examine the long run effects of tourism receipt and national real product domestic brutto on  the employment in Indonesia and the causality relationship among those variables in a multivariate model using annual data spanning 1980-2011. To test the unit root, we employed ADF and PP tests. To test cointegration we used Johansen dan Joselius model (1990) and to test the direction of the causality relationship we used Ngranger causality with VECM or Wald Block Exogeneity test. The empirical findings  show that  the long run equilibrium exists among those variabels and there are unsensitive elasticities between tourism receipt and national real product domestic brutto on  the employment. National real product domestic brutto had had Ngranger causality on  the employment with bidirectional causality, while tourism receipt had had Ngranger causality on employment with unidirectional causality.
Analisis Kointegrasi Arus Kunjungan Wisatawan Dari Australia dan Malaysia Ke Indonesia Sarwoko Sarwoko
EBBANK Vol 1, No 1 (2010): EBBANK Vol.1 No.1 Juni 2010
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Bisnis dan Perbankan

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Abstract

This paper describes the using of cointegration and ecm to see the long run relationship between determinant factors and tourists arrival (as an indication of tourism demand) from Australia and Malaysia. The tourism demand factors: Gdp per capita from origin countries, Exchange rate and Tourism price are hipothezed influencing tourists arrival from those contries. Annual data from 1985 to 2007 are used for analysis. Augmented Dikey-Fuller, Phillip Peron and Johansen’s maximum likelihood tests are used to test for unit root and cointegration. An error correction model (ECM) are estimated to an explain Australia and Malaysia demand for tourism to Indonesia. The results show that  the long run equilibrium exists among endogen variables and  their tourist seem to be highly sensitive to the per capita real income and exchange rate variables.
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