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Research Development on Cryopreservation Technique to Preserve Avian Semen Kostaman, Tatan; Setioko, A.R.
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Cryopreservation technique could be used to preserve animal cell, plant or other genetic materials (included semen) in frozen. In this case, the cryopreservation technique is a storageÂ technique that carries out at very low temperature in liquid nitrogen at -196oC. At this temperature, semen does not experience the process of metabolism but still has the ability to live on when used later. Semen that is preserved by cryopreservation technique has unlimited shelf life. This method is more efficient in terms of cost, time, space, and labour than other methods. Cryopreservation techniques can be divided into conventional technique (controlled slow freezing) and rapid freezing technique. Besides cryopreservation of semen, other genetic material from avian that can be cryopreservesed is Primodial Germ Cells (PGC). Balitnak has succesfully isolated the PGC of some Indonesian native chickens. The success of cryopreservation is indicated by not only the high rate of survival, but also the fertility after cryopreservation. Key words: Avian, storage, cryopreservation, semen

Nutritive value of fermented coconut meal and its inclusion in ration of male ducklings Sinurat, A.P.; Setiadi, P.; Purwadaria, T.; Setioko, A.R.; Dharma, Jinadasa
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 3 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment was conducted to study the metabolizable nutrients of fermented and non-fermented coconut meal for ducks. The study was also followed by a feeding trial on male ducklings. Assay on the metabolizability of nutrients (energy, protein, dry matter, and phosphorus) of the feedstuffs were conducted by total collection method. Results of the study showed that the metabolizable-energy, protein, dry matter and phosphorus of non-fermented coconut meal were 1,667 Kcal/kg, 31 .3%, 60% and 23%, as compared to 2,473 Kcal/kg, 36.3%, 63.2% and 36.1% for the fermented coconut meal, respectively. The feeding trial was designed to study the tolerance of ducklings to fermented or non-fermented coconut meal at 0, 10, 20 and 30% in the diet . Results showed that non-fermented coconut meal can be included in the diet of ducklings up to 30% with no growth depression . The use of fermented coconut meal at 10%, 20% or 30% depress growth of ducklings at early stage of growth (until 5 weeks of age), with no effect on feed consumption. The growth depression, however was not observed at older age. Based on the final body weight and feed conversion ratio it is recommended that the fermented coconut meal should not be included more than 20% in the diet of male ducklings . Keywords: Coconut meal, fermentation, ducks

Rate of temperature reduction at cryopreservation primordial germ cells (PGC) of three Indonesian native chicken. Kostaman, Tatan; Sopiyana, S.; Setioko, A.R.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are original cells of spermatogonia in the testes or oogonia in the ovary. PGCs in poultry can be harvested and stored in the liquid nitrogen and can be used for conservation as genetic materials of poultry. The objective of this study was to obtain the optimal rate of temperature reduction on PGCs quality from three different Indonesian native chicken after thawing. Fertile eggs obtained from native chicken were incubated for 56 hours to obtain embryo at stage of 14-16. PGCs were isolated from the blood using modified Nycodenz Gradient Centrifugation technique. There after they were kept in a straw and equilibrated for 15 minutes at 5oC and frozen at the rate of temperature reduction of 0.3, 0.5, and 1oC per minute using embryo freezing machine (FHK Fujihara: ET-1). After the temperature reached -30oC, then they were plunged directly into the liquid nitrogen. Recovery rate and viability of PGCs after freezing and thawing were measured. The results of this study showed that the average recovery rate of PGCs that have been frozen at rate of temperature reduction of 1, 0.5, and 0.3oC per minute were 35.6, 43.9, and 44.9% respectively. However the rate of temperature reduction of 0.5 and 0.3oC per minute did not significantly affect the recovery rate. The average percentage of viability of PGCs that were frozen at the rate of 1, 0.5 and 0.3oC per minute were respectively 62.6, 77.5, and 77.4%. It seems that the viability followed the trend of recovery rates where the 1oC per minute reduction was the lowest quality compared to the other two treatments. It is concluded that the reduction of 0.5 or 0.3oC per minute are considered as the ideal temperature reduction when native chicken PGCs are frozen. Key Words: PGCs, Native Chicken, Conservation

Rate of temperature reduction at cryopreservation primordial germ cells (PGC) of three Indonesian native chicken. Tatan Kostaman; S. Sopiyana; A.R. Setioko
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 16, No 3 (2011): SEPTEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are original cells of spermatogonia in the testes or oogonia in the ovary. PGCs in poultry can be harvested and stored in the liquid nitrogen and can be used for conservation as genetic materials of poultry. The objective of this study was to obtain the optimal rate of temperature reduction on PGCs quality from three different Indonesian native chicken after thawing. Fertile eggs obtained from native chicken were incubated for 56 hours to obtain embryo at stage of 14-16. PGCs were isolated from the blood using modified Nycodenz Gradient Centrifugation technique. There after they were kept in a straw and equilibrated for 15 minutes at 5oC and frozen at the rate of temperature reduction of 0.3, 0.5, and 1oC per minute using embryo freezing machine (FHK Fujihara: ET-1). After the temperature reached -30oC, then they were plunged directly into the liquid nitrogen. Recovery rate and viability of PGCs after freezing and thawing were measured. The results of this study showed that the average recovery rate of PGCs that have been frozen at rate of temperature reduction of 1, 0.5, and 0.3oC per minute were 35.6, 43.9, and 44.9% respectively. However the rate of temperature reduction of 0.5 and 0.3oC per minute did not significantly affect the recovery rate. The average percentage of viability of PGCs that were frozen at the rate of 1, 0.5 and 0.3oC per minute were respectively 62.6, 77.5, and 77.4%. It seems that the viability followed the trend of recovery rates where the 1oC per minute reduction was the lowest quality compared to the other two treatments. It is concluded that the reduction of 0.5 or 0.3oC per minute are considered as the ideal temperature reduction when native chicken PGCs are frozen. Key Words: PGCs, Native Chicken, Conservation

Nutritive value of fermented coconut meal and its inclusion in ration of male ducklings A.P. Sinurat; P. Setiadi; T. Purwadaria; A.R. Setioko; Jinadasa Dharma
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 3 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

An experiment was conducted to study the metabolizable nutrients of fermented and non-fermented coconut meal for ducks. The study was also followed by a feeding trial on male ducklings. Assay on the metabolizability of nutrients (energy, protein, dry matter, and phosphorus) of the feedstuffs were conducted by total collection method. Results of the study showed that the metabolizable-energy, protein, dry matter and phosphorus of non-fermented coconut meal were 1,667 Kcal/kg, 31 .3%, 60% and 23%, as compared to 2,473 Kcal/kg, 36.3%, 63.2% and 36.1% for the fermented coconut meal, respectively. The feeding trial was designed to study the tolerance of ducklings to fermented or non-fermented coconut meal at 0, 10, 20 and 30% in the diet . Results showed that non-fermented coconut meal can be included in the diet of ducklings up to 30% with no growth depression . The use of fermented coconut meal at 10%, 20% or 30% depress growth of ducklings at early stage of growth (until 5 weeks of age), with no effect on feed consumption. The growth depression, however was not observed at older age. Based on the final body weight and feed conversion ratio it is recommended that the fermented coconut meal should not be included more than 20% in the diet of male ducklings .

Research Development on Cryopreservation Technique to Preserve Avian Semen Tatan Kostaman; A.R. Setioko
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 3 (2011): SEPTEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Cryopreservation technique could be used to preserve animal cell, plant or other genetic materials (included semen) in frozen. In this case, the cryopreservation technique is a storage technique that carries out at very low temperature in liquid nitrogen at -196oC. At this temperature, semen does not experience the process of metabolism but still has the ability to live on when used later. Semen that is preserved by cryopreservation technique has unlimited shelf life. This method is more efficient in terms of cost, time, space, and labour than other methods. Cryopreservation techniques can be divided into conventional technique (controlled slow freezing) and rapid freezing technique. Besides cryopreservation of semen, other genetic material from avian that can be cryopreservesed is Primodial Germ Cells (PGC). Balitnak has succesfully isolated the PGC of some Indonesian native chickens. The success of cryopreservation is indicated by not only the high rate of survival, but also the fertility after cryopreservation. Key words: Avian, storage, cryopreservation, semen

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