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Yusup Setiawan
Center for Pulp and Paper, Ministry of Industry
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Karakteristik Emisi Industri Pulp dan Kertas dalam Konteks Pencemaran Udara Yusup Setiawan; Sri Purwati; Aep Surachman; Setiadji Setiadji
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 39, No 2 (2004): Berita Selulosa
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3170.209 KB)

Abstract

Pengkajian terhadap sumber dan karakteristik emisi industri pulp dan kertas yang menggunakan bahan baku bagas (bukan kayu) dan kayu pengaruhnya terhadap pencemaran udara telah dilakukan. Sumber emisi yang dikaji pada industri pulp dan kertas yang menggunakan bahan baku bagas (bukan kayu) yaitu unit recovery boiler, power boiler, smelt dissolving tank, lime kiln dan unit chlorine washer. Adapun sumber emisi yang dikaji pada industri pulp dan kertas dengan bahan baku kayu yaitu unit recovery boiler dan boiler. Beberapa parameter emisi yang diukur meliputi parameter klor (Cl2), Sulfur tereduksi total (TRS) sebagai H2S, partikulat (debu), NOx, NO2, NO, SO2, CO2 dan CO. Pengukuran konsentrasi klor dan TRS dilakukan dengan cara penyerapan dan konsentrasinya ditentukan dengan metoda iodometri. Penentuan partikulat dilakukan dengan metoda gravimetric. Konsentrasi NOx, NO2 dan NO diukur dengan metoda chemiluminescence, dan konsentrasi SO2, CO dan CO2 ditentukan dengan metoda non-dispersive infra red (NDIR).Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa boiler yang menggunakan bahan bakar residu mengeluarkan emisi SO2 yang belum memenuhi baku mutu. Demikian juga dengan konsentrasi partikulat yang dikeluarkan dari cerobong recovery boiler, lime kiln, dan smelt dissolving tank. Alat pengendali emisi seperti cyclone scrubber dan electrostatic precipitator yang digunakan di industri pulp dan kertas pengoperasiannya perlu dioptimalkan.Kata kunci : emisi, boiler, partikulat, cyclone scrubber, electro static precipitator CHARACTERISTICS OF EMISSION OF PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRIES IN RELATION AIR POLLUTIONAbstractThe study of characterization of emissions coming out from pulp and paper industries usingbagasse (non-wood) as raw material include recovery boiler, power boiler, smelt dissolving tank, lime kiln, and chlorine washer units. Whereas the study of characterization of emissions coming out from pulp and paper industries using wood as raw material include recovery boiler and power boiler units. The emission parameter measured include Cl2, TRS, particulate, NOx, NO2, NO, SO2, CO2 and CO. Cl2 and TRS concentrations were done by iodometric method. Particulate was determined by gravimetric method. The concentration of NOx, NO2 and NO were measured by chemiluminescence method. Non-dispersive infra red (NDIR) method was used to measure for SO2, CO and CO2 parameters.The results study reveal that the power boiler using heavy fuel oil emited SO2 concentrationabove emissions standard. Recovery boiler, lime kiln, and smelt dissolving tank, in generally, also emited particulate concentrantion above emissions standard. The equipments for air emissions control such as cyclone scrubber and electro static precipitator used in pulp and paper industry are required to be operated in the optimum condition.Keywords : emissions, boiler, particulate, cyclone scrubber, electro static precipitator
Pemanfaatan Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS) untuk Pembuatan Pulp dan Pengolahan Limbah Cairnya Yusup Setiawan; Sri Purwati; Kristaufan Joko Pramono
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 40, No 2 (2005): Berita Selulosa
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (255.296 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v40i2.247

Abstract

Palm oil empty fruit bunches is one of solid waste discharges from crude palm oil industry that the amount is very abundant and it is not utilized optimally yet to be a product having added value. Investigation on the palm oil empty fruit bunches utilization to be a bleached pulp cooked by soda process and soda-anthraquinone processes have been carried out. Palm oil empty fruit bunches cooked by both soda process and soda-anthraquinone process were done by cooking chemicals varied on the concentration of 10% - 16% in the ratio of 4.0 at the temperature of 160oC for 3.5 hrs. Unbleached pulp produced was bleached with the ODEoDD bleaching sequences. Kappa number, yield and the other parameters were analyzed. Kappa number, yield and the other parameter of this bleached pulp were tested. Wastewater discharges from soda cooking process using cooking chemicals of 16% was collected and characterized for parameters such as COD, BOD5, TSS, and pH. This wastewater was treated by anaerobic-aerobic-chemicals treatment processes. Hydraulic Residence Time (HRT) on the anaerobic treatment and the aerobic treatment was varied of 1 to 5 days and 1 to 3 days, respectively. Alum and polyelectrolyte (PE) were used as coagulant and flocculants in chemicals treatment process. Result revealed that the optimum cooking condition of palm oil empty fruit bunches for both soda process and soda- anthraquinone process use cooking chemicals of 16%. The pulp produced by soda process and soda-anthraquinone process have yield of 30.65% and 37.39%, kappa number of 28.89 and 16.69, and alpha-cellulose of 76.62% and 76.77%, respectively. Wastewater discharges per batch cooking process which is mainly from pulp washing process is around 20 liters or 150 m3 per ton pulp. Wastewater discharges from soda cooking process using cooking chemicals of 16% containing COD of 9,680 mg/l, BOD5 of 5,135 mg/l, and TSS of 6,220 mg/L. This wastewater was treated by anaerobic-aerobic-chemical treatment processes which could reduce COD up to 97.18%, BOD5 up to 99.24% and TSS up to 99.74%. The quality of treated wastewater was under effluent standard for pulp and paper industry.
VALUASI PENGENDALIAN EMISI BOILER BATU BARA PADA INDUSTRI KERTAS DAN ESTIMASI EMISI MERKURI (Hg) (VALUATION ON EMISSION CONTROL OF COAL-FIRED BOILER OF PAPER INDUSTRY AND ESTIMATION OF MERCURY (Hg) EMISSION) Yusup Setiawan
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 7, No 01 (2017): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (889.541 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v7i01.172

Abstract

Steam and electricity needs in the paper industry have been provided itself through coal-fired boiler equipped with emission control devices. Boiler flue gas emissions of coal combustion products contain contaminants such as particulate emissions , NO2 and SO2 , and a small amount of emissions of mercury (Hg). Valuation on boiler emissions quality associated with air emissions control systems and emissions standard has been carried out. Estimation of mercury concentration in air emissions of boiler flue gas in the paper industry has also been conducted. The valuation on the air emissions quality of non-mercury parameters of paper industry boilers has also been done based on national emissions standards. The results of the valuation indicated that the current applied of flue gas emissions control devices in the paper industry has been optimally operated so that the emission quality of boiler for both non-mercury parameters and mercury parameters has been complied with the emission quality standards. Prediction of mercury content in air emissions of a coal boiler stack of paper industry that is discharged into environment based on the content of mercury in coal is 0.0205 mg/Nm3 (20.5 µg/Nm3 ) maximum. Paper industry needs to consider the application of co-benefit technology when mercury is used as a quality standard emissions parameter. ABSTRAKKebutuhan uap dan atau listrik pada industri kertas disediakan melalui unit boiler berbahan bakar batu bara yang dilengkapi alat pengendali emisi. Emisi gas boiler mengandung pencemar berupa partikulat, NO2 dan SO2 , dan merkuri (Hg). Valuasi kualitas emisi boiler berkaitan dengan sistem pengendalian emisi udara dan baku mutu emisi telah dilakukan, Estimasi kadar merkuri di udara emisi cerobong boiler pada industri kertas juga telah dilakukan. Valuasi kualitas emisi udara non-merkuri emisi boiler industri kertas juga telah dilakukan berdasarkan baku mutu emisi nasional. Hasil valuasi menunjukkan bahwa alat pengendali emisi gas buang boiler yang telah diterapkan saat ini pada industri kertas telah dioperasikan secara optimal sehingga kualitas emisi boiler baik untuk parameter non-merkuri maupun untuk parameter merkuri telah memenuhi baku mutu emisi. Prediksi kadar merkuri dalam udara emisi cerobong boiler batu bara industri kertas yang dibuang ke lingkungan dihitung berdasarkan kadar merkuri dalam batu bara adalah maksimum sebesar 0,0205 mg/Nm3 (20,5 µg/Nm3 ). Industri kertas perlu mempertimbangkan penerapan teknologi co-benefit bilamana suatu saat parameter merkuri ditetapkan sebagai parameter baku mutu emisi.
Co-Authors Aep Surachman Kristaufan Joko Pramono Setiadji Setiadji Sri Purwati