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Opportunities and Challenges to Improve National Milk Production Siregar, Sori B
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

National milk production is still unable to fulfil the demand of milk from year by years. Imported dairy cows were able to increase national milk production, but it hasnt able yet to meet the demand of milk that is increased each year. Therefore, national milk production must be increased significantly in order to reduce the gap between national milk production and the demand of milk step by step in the coming years. The opportunities to increase national milk production are still feasible. The recommendation of importing dairy cows is good to continue, increased calving rate has to be planed and reducing mortality rate must be conducted for increasing dairy cows population and the national milk production. The opportunities for increasing national milk production in the form of improving feed management and intensifying artificial insemination have not been implemented optimally. Feed improvement management could be created through increasing quantity and quality of feed, giving opportunity of increasing national milk production about 23,85%. The wide open opportunities to increase national milk production are not free from amount of challenges. The price of milk is still low, the limit of forage production, uneconomical dairy scale farming, unsatisfied livestock breeding, the lack of capital, the competitive of milk import, inefficient management of milk cooperative are the significant challenges in increasing national milk production. Â Key words: Dairy cattle, milk production, supply and demand

Increasing milk production ability of lactating cows through improvement of feeding managemen Siregar, Sori B
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Increasing milk production ability of lactating cows through improvement of feeds and feeding frequency was conducted at Tanjungsari Village Cooperative. Fifteen lactating cows of 3-4 months of lactation period were used. The cows were divided into five groups based on their average daily milk production and lactation period. The treatment consisted of RO (control=commonly practiced by farmers), R1 (2.5 kg. concentrate, given three times per head per day). R2 (2 kg. Concentrate plus 13.5 kg roughage given three times per head per day). The experimental design was completely randomized block design. The quality of concentrate given to the lactating cows was a better than that given by the local farmers. Improving feed supplementation and feeding frequency significantly (P<0.01) increased the consumption of dry matter, crude protein and Â energy of the feeds, and thus increased daily milk production, solid non fat (SNF) and total solid (TS) of the milk (P<0.05). Specific gravity of the milk was not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). Substitution of 0.5 kg concentrate with 13.5 kg roughage resulted in non significant difference on the daily milk production as well as the quality of the milk, thus it gave no economic impact. The increase of daily milk production was followed by the increase of the incomes of the farmers by Rp 905 to Rp 1,425 per head per day. The result of the experiment leads to the assumption that the present feeding practices of the lactating cows should be improved accordingly. Â Key words: Lactating cows, feeding, management

Effect of artificial insemination practices on the improvement of income of dairy cattle farmers in West Java Sugiarti, Tatit; Siregar, Sori B
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study was done to evaluate the effect of artificial insemination (AI) on the improvement of farmers income. This study was conducted in Bandung district, where doing cattle population was concentrated, from which four locations were chosen, namely : Pangalengan, Kertasari, Lembang and Cisarua. In this study 1,800 non pregnant and healthy cows were selected. Artificial Insemination practices applied were : insemination at 60-90 days post partum precise check estrous and precise insemination time (9-24 hour after the first sign of estrous). Data of these 1,800 cows collected in the previous study was used as control data. Pregnancy was determined through non return rate (NRR) method and confirmed by rectal palpation. To study the impact of AI on farmers income, 30 farmers from each location were sampled. Data was obtained through a survey and was analysed based on descriptive and partial methods as it is commonly used in similar studies. The dairy cattle farming in each location was only part of the agriculture business own by farmers. Therefore the composition of cattle raised was not balanced productive and nonproductive cattle. Practices of AI in this study significantly reduce the lactation length : 363 to 312 days for Pangalengan, 355 to 316 days for Kertasari, 368 to 313 days for Lembang and 348 to 321 days for Cisarua. This optimalization of lactation length increases the farmers income as much as follow : Rp 615.02/head/days for Pangalengan, Rp 615.17 /head/day for Kertasari, Rp 601.32/head/day for Lembang and Rp 301.08/head/day for Cisarua. The application of AI practices in this study affect the income of farmers significantly, but the real application in rural areas needs special attention especially on the facilities for AI, in order to get the optimum result. Â Key words : Dairy cows, AI, lactation length, milk production, farmers income Â

Increasing milk production ability of lactating cows through improvement of feeding managemen Sori B Siregar
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 2 (2001): JUNE 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Increasing milk production ability of lactating cows through improvement of feeds and feeding frequency was conducted at Tanjungsari Village Cooperative. Fifteen lactating cows of 3-4 months of lactation period were used. The cows were divided into five groups based on their average daily milk production and lactation period. The treatment consisted of RO (control=commonly practiced by farmers), R1 (2.5 kg. concentrate, given three times per head per day). R2 (2 kg. Concentrate plus 13.5 kg roughage given three times per head per day). The experimental design was completely randomized block design. The quality of concentrate given to the lactating cows was a better than that given by the local farmers. Improving feed supplementation and feeding frequency significantly (P<0.01) increased the consumption of dry matter, crude protein and energy of the feeds, and thus increased daily milk production, solid non fat (SNF) and total solid (TS) of the milk (P<0.05). Specific gravity of the milk was not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). Substitution of 0.5 kg concentrate with 13.5 kg roughage resulted in non significant difference on the daily milk production as well as the quality of the milk, thus it gave no economic impact. The increase of daily milk production was followed by the increase of the incomes of the farmers by Rp 905 to Rp 1,425 per head per day. The result of the experiment leads to the assumption that the present feeding practices of the lactating cows should be improved accordingly. Key words: Lactating cows, feeding, management

Effect of artificial insemination practices on the improvement of income of dairy cattle farmers in West Java Tatit Sugiarti; Sori B Siregar
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 4, No 1 (1999): MARCH 1999
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A study was done to evaluate the effect of artificial insemination (AI) on the improvement of farmers income. This study was conducted in Bandung district, where doing cattle population was concentrated, from which four locations were chosen, namely : Pangalengan, Kertasari, Lembang and Cisarua. In this study 1,800 non pregnant and healthy cows were selected. Artificial Insemination practices applied were : insemination at 60-90 days post partum precise check estrous and precise insemination time (9-24 hour after the first sign of estrous). Data of these 1,800 cows collected in the previous study was used as control data. Pregnancy was determined through non return rate (NRR) method and confirmed by rectal palpation. To study the impact of AI on farmers income, 30 farmers from each location were sampled. Data was obtained through a survey and was analysed based on descriptive and partial methods as it is commonly used in similar studies. The dairy cattle farming in each location was only part of the agriculture business own by farmers. Therefore the composition of cattle raised was not balanced productive and nonproductive cattle. Practices of AI in this study significantly reduce the lactation length : 363 to 312 days for Pangalengan, 355 to 316 days for Kertasari, 368 to 313 days for Lembang and 348 to 321 days for Cisarua. This optimalization of lactation length increases the farmers income as much as follow : Rp 615.02/head/days for Pangalengan, Rp 615.17 /head/day for Kertasari, Rp 601.32/head/day for Lembang and Rp 301.08/head/day for Cisarua. The application of AI practices in this study affect the income of farmers significantly, but the real application in rural areas needs special attention especially on the facilities for AI, in order to get the optimum result. Key words : Dairy cows, AI, lactation length, milk production, farmers income

Opportunities and Challenges to Improve National Milk Production Sori B Siregar
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2003): JUNE 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

National milk production is still unable to fulfil the demand of milk from year by years. Imported dairy cows were able to increase national milk production, but it hasn't able yet to meet the demand of milk that is increased each year. Therefore, national milk production must be increased significantly in order to reduce the gap between national milk production and the demand of milk step by step in the coming years. The opportunities to increase national milk production are still feasible. The recommendation of importing dairy cows is good to continue, increased calving rate has to be planed and reducing mortality rate must be conducted for increasing dairy cows population and the national milk production. The opportunities for increasing national milk production in the form of improving feed management and intensifying artificial insemination have not been implemented optimally. Feed improvement management could be created through increasing quantity and quality of feed, giving opportunity of increasing national milk production about 23,85%. The wide open opportunities to increase national milk production are not free from amount of challenges. The price of milk is still low, the limit of forage production, uneconomical dairy scale farming, unsatisfied livestock breeding, the lack of capital, the competitive of milk import, inefficient management of milk cooperative are the significant challenges in increasing national milk production. Key words: Dairy cattle, milk production, supply and demand

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