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IGP Muliarta Aryana
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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KORELASI FENOTIPIK, GENOTIPIK DAN SIDIK LINTAS SERTA IMPLIKASINYA PADA SELEKSI PADI BERAS MERAH IGP Muliarta Aryana
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 2 No 1 (2009): Jurnal Crop Agro
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi fenotipik dan genotipik serta pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung dari komponen hasil ke hasil tanaman padi beras merah. Percobaan dilakukan pada MH Desember 2006- Maret 2007 di lahan tegalan Desa Prian Kecamatan Montong Betok Kabupaten Lombok Timur, dengan jenis tanah inseptisol.. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 23 perlakuan (20 genotipe padi beras merah hasil seleksi silang balik dan 3 tetua yaitu Piong, Angka dan Kenya) yang diulang 3 kali. Penanaman setiap genotipe pada luasan 5,5 m x 1,25 dengan jarak tanam 25 x 25 cm. Penanaman dilakukan dengan cara tugal, tiap lubang tugal ditanam 2 benih dan ditinggalkan 1 tanaman per rumpun. Pengairan berdasarkan air hujan. Pemupukan dilakukan dengan Urea 300 kg/ha; SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 150 kg/ha. Analisis korelasi genotipik, penotifik dan sidik lintas berdasarkan Singh dan Chaudhary (1979). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter total jumlah anakkan per rumpun, jumlah gabah berisi per malai, total jumlah gabah per malai, bobot 100 butir gabah dan kandungan antosianin beras dapat dipergunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi hasil gabah padi beras merah secara tidak langsung, karakter tersebut memiliki pengaruh langsung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan koefisien korelasinya. ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to know phenotypic, genotypic correlations with indirect and direct effect on yield and yield components of red rice . Experiment was conducted on a dryland area at Prian village of Montong Betok distric, East Lombok, on an Inseptisol soil, during the rainy season from December 2006 to March 2007. The 23 treatments (20 genotypes obtained from back cross selection) and 3 parents (Piong, Angka and Kenya) ware designed with Randomized Complete Block and replicated three times. Each genotype was grown on 5,5 m x 1,25 m plot with plant spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm and only 1 plant per clump. Irrigation in upland was based on availability of rain water. The fertilization applied were Urea 300 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha and KCl 150 kg/ha. Genotypic, phenotypic correlation analysis and path analysis were based on Singh and Chaudhary (1979). Results indicated that the character of tiller numbers per clump, filled grain numbers per panicle, total grain number per panicle, weight of 100 grain and anthocyanin content be used as an indirect selection criteria for grain yield of red rice.Those characters had a higher direct effect compared to their correlation coefficient
UJI KESERAGAMAN, HERITABILITAS DAN KEMAJUAN GENETIK GALUR PADI BERAS MERAH HASIL SELEKSI SILANG BALIK DI LINGKUNGAN GOGO IGP Muliarta Aryana
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 3 No 1 (2010): Jurnal Crop Agro
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui keseragaman genotipe, heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik karakter kuantitatif padi beras merah hasil empat kali seleksi silang balik. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan menanam secara gogo di lahan tegalan, dengan jenis tanah Inseptisol. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan perlakuan 23 genotipe (20 genotipe hasil silang balik dan 3 tetua: Piong, Angka dan Kenya). Data yang diamati: tinggi tanaman, panjang malai, bobot 100 butir gabah, bobot gabah per rumpun, total jumlah anakan per rumpun dan total jumlah gabah per malai. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengetahui keragaman dalam genotipe, heritabilitas, dan kemajuan genetik harapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Terdapat 16 genotipe hasil seleksi silang balik yang seragam dan 4 genotipe yang tidak seragam. Ke empat genotipe adalah G2(A1) dan G17(P15) yang ditunjukan dari panjang malai, bobot gabah per rumpun, total gabah per malai dan total anakan per rumpun; G3(A2) dan G13(P4) dan G17(P15) yang ditunjukkan dari tinggi tanaman; 2) Genotipe yang tidak seragam mempunyai nilai heritabilitas tinggi pada karakter yang teramati, kecuali bobot gabah per rumpun pada G2(A1)/1, G2(A1)/2, G17(P15)/1 dan G17(P15)/3; panjang malai pada G17(P15)/3; total jumlah gabah per malai pada G2(A1)/3 dan G17(P15); total jumlah anakkan per rumpun pada G2(A1)/1, G2(A1)/2; G17(P15)/1 dan G17(P15)/3 mempunyai kriteria sedang; dan 3) Kemajuan genetik bobot gabah per rumpun tergolong tinggi; panjang malai tergolong sedang kecuali pada G17(P15)/1 tergolong tinggi; total jumlah gabah per malai tergolong tinggi kecuali G2(A1)/3 dan G17(P15)/2 tergolong sedang, total jumlah anakan per rumpun tergolong tinggi kecuali G17(P15)/1 tergolong sedang; tinggi tanaman tergolong rendah, kecuali G13(P4)/1 dan G17(A15) tergolong sedang. ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to study genotype populations uniformity, heritability and genetic gain of red rice obtained from back cross selection. The experiment was conducted in dryland with an inseptisol soil. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design with 23 genotypes (20 genotypes from back cross selection and 3 parents [Piong, Angka and Kenya]). Characters observed were plant height, panicle length, weight of 100 grain, grain weight per clum, total grain numbers per penicle and tiller numbers per clum. Data analysed were genotype population uniform; heritability and expected genetic gain. The results indicate that: 1) There were sixteen uniform red rice genotypes resulted from four times back crossed selection and 4 non-uniform genotypes. The four genotypes were G2(A1) and G17(P15) indicated by panicle length, grain weight per clump, total grain numbers per panicle and tiller numbers per clump; G3(A2 ) and G13 (P4) and G17(P15) indicated by plant height; 2) The non uniform genotypes showed high heritability value in observed character except grain weight per clum in G2(A1)/1, G2(A1)/2, G17(P15)/1 and G17(P15)/3; panicle lenght in G17(P15)/3; total grain numbers per penicle in G2(A1)/3 and G17(P15); total tiller numbers per clump in G2(A1)/1, G2(A1)/2; G17(P15)/1, G17(P15)/3 and all have medium creteria; and 3) Expected genetic gain of grain weight per clump was high; panicle lenght was medium except in G17(P15)/1 was high; total grain numbers per penicle was high except in G2(A1)/3 and G17(P15)/2 classified as medium, total tiller numbers per clump was high except G17(P15)/1 was classified as medium; plant height was low, except in G13(P4)/1 dan G17(A15) was classified medium.
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