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Efek Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum L) Sebagai Pengobatan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Olivia Putri Chairunnisa
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada Vol 8 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Akademi Keperawatan Sandi Karsa (Merger) Politeknik Sandi Karsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35816/jiskh.v10i2.160

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in the world. Around 7.4 million people died from coronary heart disease in 2012, which represented 31% of total world deaths and occurred in developing countries with low incomes. Non-pharmacological treatment by maintaining lifestyle such as diet, increasing activity and reducing cigarette consumption (if a smoker). In addition, pharmacological treatment by lowering LDL levels uses statins, bile acid sequestrants, and PCSK-9 inhibitors. However, recently traditional treatments are being developed to reduce the prevalence of atherosclerosis by using garlic or Allium sativum L. Garlic contains more than 100 secondary metabolites that are biologically very useful for the body. Non-volatile amino acids γ glutamyl- Salk (en) il-L-cysteine ​​and essential oils Salk (en) ilsistein sulfoxide or alliin are two of the most important organosulfur compounds in garlic bulbs, that is, and are precursors for most other organosulfur compounds with their levels reached 82% of the total. Garlic has been widely studied in vivo and in vitro. Research that has been developed shows that garlic has pharmacological effects in entity tumorigenesis, antibiosis, inhibition of cancer growth and antianterosclerosis.
Efek Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum L) Sebagai Pengobatan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Olivia Putri Chairunnisa
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada Vol 8 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Akademi Keperawatan Sandi Karsa (Merger) Politeknik Sandi Karsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35816/jiskh.v10i2.160

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in the world. Around 7.4 million people died from coronary heart disease in 2012, which represented 31% of total world deaths and occurred in developing countries with low incomes. Non-pharmacological treatment by maintaining lifestyle such as diet, increasing activity and reducing cigarette consumption (if a smoker). In addition, pharmacological treatment by lowering LDL levels uses statins, bile acid sequestrants, and PCSK-9 inhibitors. However, recently traditional treatments are being developed to reduce the prevalence of atherosclerosis by using garlic or Allium sativum L. Garlic contains more than 100 secondary metabolites that are biologically very useful for the body. Non-volatile amino acids γ glutamyl- Salk (en) il-L-cysteine ​​and essential oils Salk (en) ilsistein sulfoxide or alliin are two of the most important organosulfur compounds in garlic bulbs, that is, and are precursors for most other organosulfur compounds with their levels reached 82% of the total. Garlic has been widely studied in vivo and in vitro. Research that has been developed shows that garlic has pharmacological effects in entity tumorigenesis, antibiosis, inhibition of cancer growth and antianterosclerosis.
Which Anti-VEGF Therapy (Ranibizumab, Bevacizumab, or Aflibercept) Demonstrates The Most Cost-Effective Outcomes For Treating Age-Related Macular Degeneration ? : A Systematic Review Olivia Putri Chairunnisa; Mia Audina; Irawati
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/vbsedq58

Abstract

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), particularly its neovascular form (nAMD), is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies, including ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept, have revolutionized treatment by inhibiting pathological angiogenesis. However, their high costs and varying efficacy profiles necessitate a comprehensive evaluation of cost-effectiveness to guide clinical and policy decisions. Methods: This systematic review adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzing 40 studies from databases like PubMed, Sagepub, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria focused on adult AMD patients treated with anti-VEGF agents, reporting both clinical outcomes (e.g., visual acuity, central retinal thickness) and cost data. Data extraction included study design, intervention details, patient demographics, visual outcomes, cost-effectiveness metrics, and adverse events. Results: Bevacizumab emerged as the most cost-effective option, with annual costs significantly lower than ranibizumab and aflibercept (e.g., €27,087/year vs. +€4,000–€6,000). All three agents showed comparable efficacy in visual acuity improvements, though aflibercept required fewer injections (7.0/year vs. ranibizumab’s 5.8/year). Safety profiles were similar, but bevacizumab was associated with marginally higher systemic risks. Economic analyses highlighted bevacizumab’s dominance in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), while aflibercept’s reduced injection frequency offered potential long-term savings. Discussion: Despite bevacizumab’s economic advantages, its off-label status and safety concerns limit universal adoption. Ranibizumab and aflibercept, though FDA-approved, present higher financial burdens. Geographic disparities in drug pricing and dosing regimens further influence cost-effectiveness. Emerging agents like brolucizumab show promise but require long-term safety data. Conclusion: Bevacizumab is the most cost-effective anti-VEGF therapy for nAMD, balancing efficacy and affordability. Policymakers should prioritize its inclusion in formularies, especially in resource-limited settings, while addressing regulatory and safety barriers.
What Is The Comparative Effectiveness Of Anti-VEGF Therapy Versus Laser Photocoagulation In Reducing Visual Impairment For Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema? : A Systematic Review Mia Audina; Olivia Putri Chairunnisa; Irawati
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/q6g37r53

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults, driven by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced fluid accumulation. While laser photocoagulation was once the standard treatment, anti-VEGF therapies (e.g., ranibizumab, aflibercept, bevacizumab) have emerged as superior alternatives. This study compares the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy versus laser photocoagulation in improving visual and anatomical outcomes in DME patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzing 40 studies (2016–2023), including 24 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Inclusion criteria comprised adult DME patients, direct anti-VEGF vs. laser comparisons, and ≥6-month follow-up. Data were extracted on visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), safety, and treatment frequency. Results: Anti-VEGF therapy significantly outperformed laser, with BCVA gains of +6.8 to +10.5 letters versus +1.1 to +1.4 letters for laser (Li et al., 2019; Heier et al., 2016). CMT reductions were greater with anti-VEGF (-123 µm to -313 µm) compared to laser (-85.9 µm). Early response (within 3 months) predicted sustained benefits, maintained for up to 5 years. Combination therapy (anti-VEGF + laser) reduced injection frequency by 20–40% without compromising efficacy. Safety profiles favored anti-VEGF, with rare serious ocular adverse events (<1%), while laser carried risks of peripheral vision loss. Discussion: Anti-VEGF therapy is the gold standard for DME, offering superior functional and anatomical outcomes. Combination strategies may reduce treatment burden, though protocols require standardization. Socioeconomic barriers to frequent injections remain understudied. Conclusion: Anti-VEGF agents are more effective than laser in treating DME, with sustained visual and anatomical benefits. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and optimizing combination therapies.