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All Journal STUDIA ISLAMIKA ISLAM NUSANTARA: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture
Sumanto Al Qurtuby
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The Tao of Islam: Ceng Ho and the Legacy of Chinese Muslims in Pre-Modern Java Sumanto Al Qurtuby
Studia Islamika Vol 16, No 1 (2009): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v16i1.489

Abstract

The fact that "Sino-Javanese Muslim Cultures" are scattered over Banten, Jakarta, Cirebon, Semarang, Demak, Jepara, Lasem, Gresik, and Surabaya on the northern coast of Java (see also below) is strong evidence of the encounter between Cheng Ho (and other Chinese Muslims) and Javanese societies over the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. These "Sino-Javanese Muslim cultures" are not only found in the form of mosques which show evidence of acculturation processes between China, Islam, and Java, but also in literature, arts, and other artifact Seen from another perspective, these historical facts illustrate the Chinese major role in spreading Islam in the region. Unfortunately, although the Chinese contribution in shaping Indonesian civilizations and Javanese cultures is apparent, only a few scholars have concerned themselves with the issue.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v16i1.489
Sino-Indo Muslim Cultures:Tracing the History and Legacy of Cheng Ho and Chinese Muslims in Nusantara Sumanto Al Qurtuby
Islam Nusantara: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Islam Nusantara: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : Faculty of Islam Nusantara, Nahdlatul Ulama University of Indonesia (Unusia) Jakarta.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47776/islamnusantara.v7i1.1857

Abstract

Zheng He’s presence in the Indonesian archipelago offers an important lens for reconsidering the formation of Muslim communities in Nusantara. Historical evidence from Java demonstrates that Chinese Muslim networks were deeply embedded in maritime trade, diplomacy, and religious life prior to European expansion. Their influence contributed to the development of local Islamic practices and expanded the cultural horizons of early Muslim societies in the region. Reassessment of long-standing theories of Islamization reveals that Sino-Indo Muslim interactions provide a substantial foundation for acknowledging a “Chinese theory” alongside Arab, Indian, and Persian perspectives. The legacy of Zheng He and related communities highlights the plural genealogies that constitute Indonesian Islam. Abstrak Kehadiran Cheng Ho di Nusantara membuka perspektif baru dalam memahami pembentukan komunitas Muslim lokal. Bukti sejarah di Jawa menunjukkan bahwa jaringan Muslim Tionghoa tertanam kuat dalam perdagangan maritim, diplomasi, dan kehidupan keagamaan sebelum masa kolonial Eropa. Pengaruhnya turut membentuk praktik Islam lokal dan memperluas cakrawala budaya masyarakat Muslim awal. Telaah ulang teori Islamisasi menegaskan bahwa interaksi Sino-Indo Muslim menjadi dasar penting bagi pengakuan “teori Tionghoa” di samping perspektif Arab, India, dan Persia. Warisan Cheng Ho menyoroti asal-usul plural yang membentuk Islam Indonesia.
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