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POTENSI QUERCETIN DALAM EKSTRAK DAUN PSIDIUM GUAJAVA DAN PAPAIN DALAM EKSTRAK DAUN CARICA PAPAYA LINN TERHADAP TERAPI DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE Kadek Mercu Narapati Pamungkas; Putu Itta Sandi Lesmana Dewi; Erick Kusuma Tandiono
Essence of Scientific Medical Journal Vol 17 No 2 (2020): Volume 17 No. 2 (Juli-Desember 2019) Essential: Essence of Scientific Medical Jo
Publisher : Kelompok Ilmiah Hippocrates Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ESTL.2020.v17.i02.p04

Abstract

Abstrak Latar Belakang : Menurut WHO pada tahun 2019, Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) mengenai 390 juta jiwa di seluruh dunia per tahun. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditransmisikan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Manifestasi klinis yang menjadi perhatian dalam penyakit ini adalah dehidrasi dan trombositopenia. Modalitas terapi yang ada saat ini hanya terapi simtomatik dan substitusi cairan. Oleh karena itulah diperlukan terapi yang dapat mengatasi keterbatasan ini. Tujuan : Tujuan dibuatnya literature review ini yaitu untuk menemukan modalitas terapi yang dapat mengatasi virus dengue dan trombositopenia. Metode : Studi ini menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka dengan mengumpulkan sumber dari literatur ilmiah yang valid seperti PubMed dan Google Scholar. Hasil : Quercetin memiliki aktivitas antivirus dengan mereduksi persentase foci, pengkopian RNA, dan menghambat RNA polimerase yang penting dalam replikasi virus dengue. Selain itu, quercetin dapat menghambat enzim NS2B-NS3 protease, domain helikase, dan enzim ATPase. Papain dalam daun Carica papaya L. dapat menginduksi sitokin trombositik seperti IL-6 dan sekresi trombopoietin, sehingga hitung jumlah trombosit meningkat. Papain mampu meningkatkan ekspersi ALOX-12 yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan produksi megakaryosit dan trombosit. Quercetin diekstraksi dan difraksi dari daun Psidium guajava, kemudian hasil campuran diinkubasi. Papain diisolasi dari ekstrak daun Carica papaya L. dengan metode ultrasonication extraction. Kombinasi quercetin dan papain diadministrasikan secara peroral. Kesimpulan : Kombinasi quercetin dan papain memiliki potensi sebagai antivirus terhadap virus dengue dan memperbaiki kondisi trombositopenia. Penulis menyarankan untuk diadakan penelitan lebih lanjut terkait dosis dan efek samping yang dapat ditimbulkan. Kata Kunci : Virus Dengue, Quercetin, Papain, Antivirus, Trombosit Abstract Background : According to WHO in 2019, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) affects 390 million people worldwide annually. This disease is caused by dengue virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito. Concerning clinical manifestations in this disease are dehydration and thrombocytopenia. Current therapeutic modalities only symptomatic therapy and fluid substitution. Therefore, a therapy that can overcome this limitation is required. Objective : The purpose of this literature review is to find therapeutic modalities that can overcome the dengue virus and thrombocytopenia. Methods : This study uses the literature review method by gathering sources from valid scientific literature such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Results : Quercetin has antiviral activity by reducing the percentage of foci, RNA copying, and inhibiting RNA polymerase which is important in dengue virus replication. Also, quercetin can inhibit NS2B-NS3 protease, helicase domain, and ATPase enzyme. Papain in Carica papaya L. can induce thrombocytic cytokines such as IL-6 and thrombopoietin secretion, so the thrombocyte count increases. Papain can increase the expression of ALOX 12 which is associated with increased production of megakaryocytes and thrombocytes. Quercetin is extracted and diffracted from Psidium guajava, then the mixed product is incubated. Papain is isolated from Carica papaya L. extract by ultrasonication extraction method. The combination of quercetin and papain is administered orally. Conclusion : Combination of quercetin and papain has potential as an antiviral against dengue virus and correct thrombocytopenia. The author recommends further research related to dose and side effects that can be caused. Keywords : Dengue Virus, Quercetin, Papain, Antivirus, Thrombocyte
POTENSI CURCUMIN DALAM EKSTRAK RIMPANG KUNYIT (CURCUMMA DOMESTICA L.) SEBAGAI MODALITAS PENCEGAHAN PREEKLAMSIA PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN RESISTANSI INSULIN I Made Bagus Cahya Wibawa; Agus Indra Yudhistira Diva Putra; Erick Kusuma Tandiono
Essence of Scientific Medical Journal Vol 16 No 2 (2018): Volume 16 No. 2 (Juli-Desember) : Essence Of Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Kelompok Ilmiah Hippocrates Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ESTL.2018.v16.i02.p07

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy disorder characterized by significantly increased blood pressure (systolic pressure ?140 mmHg, diastolic pressure ?90 mmHg) induced by pregnancy and proteinuria. Preeclampsia is often associated with hyperglycemic state, and studies found that hyperglicemia increases the risk of preeclampsia up to three times higher.Discussion: There are correlations between insulin resistance and glucose intolerance with preeclampsia, shown by the statistics that 20% and 15% of pregnant women with DM Type 1 and Type 2 respectively will develop preeclampsia. Excessive glucose level could induce intracellular changes in cytotrophoblasts that causes placental abnormalities and leads to preclampsia. Recent studies found that hyperglicemia treatment could reduce the risk of preeclampsia up to 54% (RR:0,46;95% CI:0,22-0,97). Turmeric extract contains curcumin that is known for its antidiabetic activity. Curcumin can reduce the insulin resistance and glucose intolerance by inhibition of ROS production to maintain the viability of islet cells, suppression of inflamatory cytokines (TNF-?, IL-6, NFkB) production, stimulation of glucose transporter (GLUT-4) expression and glucose clearance, and suppression of FFA level.Conclusion: Curcumin is potential to be used as a new modality to prevent preeclampsia on women with insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, but the exact amount of turmeric extract or curcumin concentration needed to achieve the desired effect is still unknown.